Island Green
- Description
- Reviews
- Citation
- Cataloging
- Transcript
Prince Edward Island has long been famous for its spuds and red mud. But in the last 50 years since industrialized farming took root, this small, agricultural island has been building a new reputation for having the highest cancer and respiratory illness rates in Canada. Is there a link?
Every year, countless tourists are greeted by PEIs warm sandy beaches, quaint seaside villages and, of course, field after field of the islands signature potato crops. Rather than dwelling on PEI's worrisome monocropping practices, Island Green dares to ask: What if PEI went entirely organic?
Using beautiful imagery and poignant stories from the islands small but growing community of organic farmers, PEI filmmaker Millefiore Clarkes explores a healthier future for Canadas smallest province. In addition to the farmers stories, she shares the stirring words of PEI-born poet Tanya Davis, which remind us that we can rob the land only so much before it robs us of the nourishment we need for life.
As Island Green shows organic farmers working the fields, eating their bountiful harvests together with friends and family, and discussing the success of their farms, its story is ultimately one of hope and healthy promise
“Wonderful film, beautifully shot. A nice blend of evocative poetry and documentary material.” “What a moving take on Mother Earth in our country, Canada. We are so fortunate to have farmers who Do the Work. Best wishes on this journey of love and life. Watching your endeavours and cheering for you. An Alberta Girl.”
Citation
Main credits
Clarkes, Millefiore (film director)
Clarkes, Millefiore (screenwriter)
McNeill, Paul (film producer)
Davis, Tanya (performer)
Loo, Margie (participant)
Other credits
Edited by Millefiore Clarkes, Lawrence Jackman; director of photography, Millefiore Clarkes; music by Roger Carter, Adam Gallant.
Distributor subjects
Agriculture; Environment and Conservation; Organic farmingKeywords
WEBVTT
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[music]
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[sil.]
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[music]
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Thing about morning is there’s not so many
people up. There’s lots of space in it.
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And the way the light comes pouring into barn
doors is like God calling, you’re awake yet
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or if you don’t believe in that kind of
thing you could say, “It’s relay race,”
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and the moon gave the sun the baton again.
In the morning, dirt smells best,
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here, smell this. It’s a merge of life and death
and mystery. It’s the bones of all the mixed in,
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we will become carbon again certainly.
Oh, we don’t talk about this actually,
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it’s too close to home. Funny what kind
of information people skip over. Like,
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how we have this, your Island was such beautiful
soil and the irony is, even though there’s so much
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iron in it, it seems to not be enough. So people
sticking it was too much, it’s rough what we’re doing.
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The earth up to a certain point will be forgiving but
she’s not going to feed us if we keep stripping her,
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we forget we’re the fetus
and she is in nurture.
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She doesn’t need us as much as we’ll be needing
her when the fields are ravaged and the nutrients
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we want scavenged are limited, scattered. We forget
that good food, healthy plenty is what we’re after.
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And there’s lots of ways to get that.
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[music]
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[music]
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The PEI’s little more than a million
acres and about half its agriculture.
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So is really 500,000 acre farm and we’re surrounded bwate!
Tableo, we this… this differentiation just by where we are.
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Farming has been really closely
associated with being an islander,
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I think. For a long time, it was
rural people over on the farm
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they moved went to the city but the
home was still back on the farm.
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[music]
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Right now, agriculture in
PEI’s definitely increases.
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Prince Edward Island it’s not a place
to get your product moved off,
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it’s more expensive than other places.
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So even if commodity anti farming worked for
somebody in the Midwest, it’s even harder here.
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’Cause a lot of farmers that have been
involved in commodity farming for a long time
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and my prices are been suddenly going down.
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[music]
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Five, ten years from now people may say, “Well,
geez, I wish I’d known that that was happening,”
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I wish I’d known that, you know, so
many farm families were abandoning
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the farm or no one was there to take it
over because the debt loads were so high.
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We have the food palaces, there’s no food prices as far
as people would go into these food palaces are concerned.
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Nothing that you can see, nothing that you can
feel, nothing that you can taste that says,
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”There’s trouble,” why are you
going to worry about that?
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[music]
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I’m the fifth generation farming,
this particular part of the farm.
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The other side of farm I’d
be six generation on that.
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The farming here I think was
basically organic farming,
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if you were(ph) for the first 100
years or so and around 1945,
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around the end of the World War II that’s when
really it started becoming one industrial.
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So, yeah, bigger and bigger, bigger
machinery and bigger, bigger farms.
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We’ve been told for last, at least one generation
probably two that we have to be more efficient,
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more efficient, more efficient, more efficient, and the only way
you’ll be more efficient is get bigger and produce more of something,
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and do it cheaper.
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[sil.]
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What we used to have was a
whole lot of farms in between,
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little dairy farms, little bee farms little, little
mix farms scattered all over the place between.
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Now if your free time, basically none.
They’re all in rotation to potatoes.
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To huge environment impact, to
having these big fields of potatoes
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with all the insecticide in ‘em and as we go on, year
after year, after year, and rotating them around,
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we… we with the impact insects
and, and the biodiversity.
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So, we have two very distinct
direction, we can go.
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Do we wanna get more out of what we’re doing or do we wanna produce more of
something and selling at cheaper. We can neither have PEI in a hundred years
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with three or four farms maybe. Or
do we wanna really do something now
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and preserve the ability to be a family
farm. I think going organic can do that.
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[music]
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I’ve been protesting against
what was wrong in the world,
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for a long time and I felt like I wanted
to do something positive instead.
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I wanted to be part of positive change.
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Sometimes what people say when they
want to discredit organic to say
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that they don’t want to go back to farming like
their grandparents did, that just not the case.
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Organic farming has evolved in the
same way that chemical farming has.
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We have many things that are
disposable now, lots of tools
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and understanding of how pests work
and how beneficial insects work
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that our grandparents didn’t have.
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And, it’s true that when our grandparents or great-grandparents
start using chemicals, their production increased greatly
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but that’s because they had super healthy
soil and they didn’t have a lot of pests.
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Their production started to
decrease after a few years,
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because the health of the soil
and the plants was compromised.
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And so, then they started having to use
pesticides to control all those imbalances.
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[sil.]
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I grew up on the farm.
Farm, it kind of evolved,
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it was uh… like the, the next farm
back when my grandfather run it
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and then dad had the dairy and the conventional
potatoes and I was involved in the potato operation
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and uh… spraying and all that stuff.
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One day, I just decided that
it has to be a better way.
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I’m a fourth generation farmer
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and uh… it means quite a bit to
me to, to be able from there
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and speaking with Dad and numerous conversations since
we’ve become organic. Yeah, some of the practice
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and stuff that I’ve learned in college
and I’ve had a farm organically,
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has been the exact same practice
that he’s done as a child.
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[music]
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Look what we’ve got. The country roads
that shine in the eyes of tourists,
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the meals we make to pass around tables not only to feed
but to nourish. Our ground have flourishes in all seasons
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whether resting or yielding, flowers
from seed giving pollen to bees
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that would be grateful to
keep toxins from their honey,
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and children can go running with clean air in their
lungs, less dusting to settle on all of our lawns
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and the mood on the farm could be communal and
calm. “Competent women and men keeping on,
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beating the woods by the highway,
your next door neighbor in this city,
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where plants are still food and animal
husbandry means caretaking, means kindness,
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means some kind of loving, because what we take inside
is should not get there poisoned and struggling.”
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[music]
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Organic to a lot of people
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is the growing of crops with (inaudible). I’m not
spraying, I’m not doing this I’m not doing that
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but organic to me is organic
with, looking after the soil,
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so the soil looks after your crops and then you can
feed your livestock and making that whole circle.
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So when you have a conventional family, switching to organic
but still is of the mindset that have to control nature
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then have a great deal, difficulty.
And have to understand
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how to work with nature
instead of trying to
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control nature, that’s the fundamental
difference in organic and conventional farming.
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What they don’t take into account is,
it’s a life cycles inside the soil
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and all of the, bacteria and
fungi and worms and nematodes,
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everything else that living inside the soil,
they’re providing nutrients for the plants.
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The insect populations
or the weed populations
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all tell you a story of what
that soil is going through
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and you can adjust it to use it
in a proper way to grow a crop.
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Organic land will come through a drought,
a lot better than uh… a conventional l
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and because there’s so much more of a
water holding capacity in the soil,
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and once you get that soil health at a, at a viable stage
and the organisms and within the soil kind of come back,
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some of those diseases to look after.
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We’re bringing a (inaudible) really nice yields on the
farm and comparable to conventional agriculture which,
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which is good.
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It would benefit a lot of the conventional farmers as well
to be able to change some of their cultural practices
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to reduce that spray bill, but it
just so much easier to go to a store
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and pick up a jug and put it in the
sprayer, spray it and it’s done.
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Somewhat done then, then worry
about it next year again.
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[music]
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Behind the scenes of picturesque
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are the country’s highest rates of
cancer and respiratory illness.
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”Pesticides flow from fields to kill of the fishes and the nitrates in the
groundwater are higher than we should it live with. An expiry date on potatoes
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don’t cost as much as the debts farmers are building,
as they’re again without plans to pass the land
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to future generations, farms forced
to expand over their neighbors
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and community ties are compromised
in our stewardship is weaning.”
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I’ve spent many hours
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in kitchens with farmers with the camera turned
off, having, you know, with a beer or two,
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you know, having talks about this and believe
me, you know, “I’ve had your real hard assed
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conventional farmers say we can’t do this forever, there’s
gonna to come a point where we’ll have to stop doing this,
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we’ll have to find some other way but my God, you
know, I’ve got three quarters of a million dollars
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invested in my crop and cavendish are expecting the
potatoes and I won’t get paid unless they’re such quality
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and so on what am I supposed to do? So,
it’s not that they’re unaware of the risks
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and, and I know some farmers who will
say, “They hate bringing their sprayer,”
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they hate every moment of it.
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For most of them, it’s not the
most enjoyable thing that they do.
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[sil.]
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To people who is seriously
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look at whether they can feed the world or not organically would have to
say, “Well, why have we not been doing a whole lot of research into looking,
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we’ve done a huge amount of research into farming
with all the chemicals and, you know, fertilizers.
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There’s been very little government sponsored
research or an industry sponsored research
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and to do farming without, and the reason for it is that companies
don’t see how to have something they want to be in a cell,
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yeah, and if the farmer can produce it on the
farm but himself, how’s a company make any money.
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It’s kind of unique situation
on PEI because, Cavendish farms
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and McCain’s and McCain do the same thing, of course, not
only do they buy the potatoes, they supplied fertilizer
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and the chemicals and the
fuel to the farmers.
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I don’t think you’re going, either of them guys switching to wanting to
do organic products unless they think so that they can sell, you know,
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organic inputs for just as much money as they can
sell their, because they make that, you know,
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when they don’t make money under potatoes still making money
on the fertilizer, still making money on the chemicals.
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[music]
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If we had a big corporate structure
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that farmed all PEI and and that
corporate structure collapse
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for some reason which is not unlikely,
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because corporate
structures tend to do that.
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Food security with the compromise and
is compromised by corporate production.
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Food security is no small thing.
It’s the core of our survival.
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[music]
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People don’t necessarily look at the whole
picture when they calculate things.
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What are all the things that it
cost to produce that food not just
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the farmer paying for the
pesticides and the fertilizer.
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What happened after that pesticide
got in the water? Who got sick.
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What animals died? How does
that affect everybody?
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How is that factored in.
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[music]
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We have this are incredible food
system towards all this stuff in
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the supermarkets that prices
that no one’s ever heard of.
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But at what cost, you know, both to the
environment and to uh… the farmers themselves.
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And there really are two groups of people. I mean,
there are people uh… that are that know about farming
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and how much trouble farmers are in and
there’s a lot of limiting about how
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difficult things are. And then, you know, there’s
others that really don’t think about it very much.
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People are busy uh… life is tough
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uh… furnace oil cost a lot of money,
you know, it takes some commitment to
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think hard about where food
is coming from, you know,
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most people thankfully in this modern world that we live in
really don’t have to think about it too hard and they don’t.
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[sil.]
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Want to know our gas prices
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and much more just to the farmer. If the cost of
their production is reflected in what you make that
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you can afford to treat
the environment better.
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[sil.]
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[music]
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\"Though the harvest is
death giving us life,
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sunsets for moon rise and long nights,
it is also splendid communion
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and the sacrifice comes from all sides.
The farmers toil,
00:16:10.000 --> 00:16:14.999
the seeds grow, food when we feed the soil.
Let us stay as true
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as nature is wise on this planet for its
people let us plant something beautiful
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and reap something equally kind.\"
00:16:25.000 --> 00:16:29.999
[music]
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We’ve got between six
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and seven thousand acres that are certified organic. On Prince Edward
Island are in transition to be organic and we’re increasing by
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15 or 20% per year. So we’re getting to the
point now where we can actually supply
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steady supply of products, nationally,
internationally or locally.
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I don’t necessarily, mean, I’m waiting for
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Cavendish farms or for superstore or Sobeys to be to
market. I think the only way we can actually do this
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that we actually find their own markets
and that’s led to me travelling around
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the world looking to markets.
The market has to be there
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and I think if the market is there farmers are
entrepreneurial enough that they’ll go organic,
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you know, why, why wouldn’t they?
It’s not all that different.
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As a consumer, you know, I should have
some kind of relationship with the person
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that’s putting food on more than table, cheap
food is kind of degraded that relationship that
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it’s… it’s sort of stated
it’s not important.
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[music]
00:17:40.000 --> 00:17:44.999
PEI is very definable where problems of
Canada’s have our own provincial government
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which gives us a huge advantage so we can actually
make rules and then force the rules here,
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uh… we’re… we’re surrounded by water
so we have this natural boundary
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that nobody can dispute. We’d a huge opportunity
to be only organic on to North America for sure.
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Umm… Especially being big enough. I mean,
to actually have substantial agriculture.
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[sil.]
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It’s totally possible and
there’s certainly be benefits
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to the health of Islanders.
There would be tourism,
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there would be more jobs in rural PEI.
00:18:25.000 --> 00:18:29.999
We would be at the forefront of
addressing environmental issues
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that we all need to address.
00:18:35.000 --> 00:18:39.999
But there has to be a political
component to providing a climate
00:18:40.000 --> 00:18:44.999
that conventional farmers
can transition to organics.
00:18:45.000 --> 00:18:49.999
It’s a complicated, expensive process. All
that land as a chemical supplied to it for
00:18:50.000 --> 00:18:54.999
the last 50 years. It’s going to take a
while to become healthy organic soil.
00:18:55.000 --> 00:18:59.999
[sil.]
00:19:00.000 --> 00:19:04.999
Because there’s been such a
concentration of potatoes and because,
00:19:05.000 --> 00:19:09.999
agriculture is so overlapped with
residential, there’s a real awareness
00:19:10.000 --> 00:19:14.999
of how much spraying happens. And so
there’s a real high level of concern
00:19:15.000 --> 00:19:19.999
and support for organic agriculture.
00:19:20.000 --> 00:19:24.999
I think more than a lot of places. Make it look like the moon, very
quickly. Yeah. And when they’re done, there’s… there’s no (inaudible)
00:19:25.000 --> 00:19:29.999
there’s no and nothing. Everything is gone. I mean,
when we walk, I’ll show you there with a pig-pen
00:19:30.000 --> 00:19:34.999
(inaudible). In the late ‘90s when we were doing the
potato breeding and I was going to put into meetings.
00:19:35.000 --> 00:19:39.999
If you went for a coffee at a… a (inaudible) stop. People
would literally turn your back on you and just walk away.
00:19:40.000 --> 00:19:44.999
They didn’t believe that it’s really
any merit or any future organic.
00:19:45.000 --> 00:19:49.999
It was a fad, it was just going to roots and berries people,
are tree huggers and so on. Now when you’re going to top,
00:19:50.000 --> 00:19:54.999
there’s less of the people who’ve got themselves turned out and
there’s more to people, asking the right questions itself.
00:19:55.000 --> 00:19:59.999
Can we feed the world? Is the
opportunity for us to do this really?
00:20:00.000 --> 00:20:08.000
[music]
00:20:10.000 --> 00:20:14.999
PEI has an opportunity still
to do something before
00:20:15.000 --> 00:20:19.999
we’ve lost all this knowledge, before we’ve heard lost
all farmers. So let’s just say, \"We have choices.\"
00:20:20.000 --> 00:20:24.999
You know, we can give this in chemicals, we can have organic,
we can add GMO free. All of these things are on the table,
00:20:25.000 --> 00:20:29.999
we can do it if we want to do it as farmers. So let’s not
say, \"We can’t.\" Let’s just say, \"We don’t want to.\"
00:20:30.000 --> 00:20:34.999
That’s okay. Say, you don’t want to but… but
not… not no longer say we can’t do the stuff.
00:20:35.000 --> 00:20:39.999
We’re relatively smaller for 1500 farmers.
00:20:40.000 --> 00:20:44.999
So we have the option of working together.
00:20:45.000 --> 00:20:53.000
[music]
00:21:00.000 --> 00:21:04.999
\"Hands dance. Seeds grab what they can.
00:21:05.000 --> 00:21:09.999
Seeking a place to crouch the Neil than stand there
are a thousand ways to bending kiss the land.
00:21:10.000 --> 00:21:14.999
And we need these plants, they hold nutrients
like hope like smoke let it rise and let it go,
00:21:15.000 --> 00:21:19.999
they are alchemist to chlorophyll
turning nit to gold.
00:21:20.000 --> 00:21:24.999
The planet knows had a breeze,
how to keep itself clean nature
00:21:25.000 --> 00:21:29.999
nurtures its babies, its elderly, its matrons
in a doesn’t need saving as much as we think.
00:21:30.000 --> 00:21:34.999
We are the impatient ones expecting,
quick, enormous in cheap.
00:21:35.000 --> 00:21:39.999
But there will be reason to grieve to one and
all. If we can slow the system’s changes,
00:21:40.000 --> 00:21:44.999
our planet subtle sadness. Let us take
for goodness sakes, a moment’s pause.\"
00:21:45.000 --> 00:21:53.000
[music]