00:00:17.810 --> 00:00:21.640
James Joyce was writing like
a fugitive on the run: forced

00:00:26.370 --> 00:00:29.470
out by his landlords
for not paying the rent.

00:00:40.110 --> 00:00:42.710
Okay. A little further
that away stage left.

00:00:44.080 --> 00:00:45.620
His eyesight was failing.

00:00:47.280 --> 00:00:49.100
The pain was excruciating.

00:00:49.840 --> 00:00:51.260
McIsaac as Bloom.

00:00:51.260 --> 00:00:51.743
Onstage.

00:00:53.810 --> 00:00:55.500
Nora blamed it on his drinking.

00:00:57.160 --> 00:00:59.060
The doctors wanted to operate.

00:01:00.110 --> 00:01:03.180
Joyce was afraid he wouldn't
be able to finish the novel.

00:01:05.570 --> 00:01:08.370
I read it sometimes to my
students and they're shocked.

00:01:08.370 --> 00:01:12.650
Ulysses is one of the great markers,
um, certainly of the 20th century,

00:01:12.790 --> 00:01:14.370
but probably of human history.

00:01:14.950 --> 00:01:18.450
And I think we could mark it on
the same sort of pages as you know,

00:01:18.630 --> 00:01:19.690
the work of Shakespeare.

00:01:20.610 --> 00:01:21.930
Oh, I think I got the
first couple of chapters...

00:01:24.960 --> 00:01:25.880
I just couldn't get into it.

00:01:26.460 --> 00:01:27.800
I can't remember much about it at all.

00:01:27.801 --> 00:01:29.680
I think it's more of an
Irish myth meself. Yeah.

00:01:30.590 --> 00:01:31.560
I've never heard of it.

00:01:33.700 --> 00:01:35.640
How many Dubliners do you
think have read Ulysses?

00:01:37.660 --> 00:01:38.493
Two.

00:01:39.640 --> 00:01:40.473
Yourself and who else ?

00:01:40.780 --> 00:01:41.613
You!

00:01:42.780 --> 00:01:44.880
Ulysses can be read by anybody,

00:01:45.260 --> 00:01:50.190
even though it's a difficult
book and it's not the

00:01:50.191 --> 00:01:51.790
kind of book you lie down and read in bed.

00:01:53.180 --> 00:01:54.790
Have you never read the book in bed?

00:01:56.250 --> 00:01:59.270
No. I know some people do.

00:01:59.550 --> 00:02:03.470
I know they've corrected me on that
and said they read it in bed and I just

00:02:03.471 --> 00:02:04.990
think they're strange, but you know...

00:02:05.800 --> 00:02:09.740
Oh no reading Joyce in bed, I think
it's the best place, especially Molly.

00:02:09.970 --> 00:02:11.580
It's where she lived her life, you know?

00:02:12.720 --> 00:02:15.860
And how do you know when the
sentence begins and when it ends?

00:02:16.550 --> 00:02:18.140
Joyce writes the way you think.

00:02:20.560 --> 00:02:24.820
He was a jokester, an
experimenter, a show off.

00:02:25.980 --> 00:02:28.450
James Joyce could not be confined,

00:02:28.910 --> 00:02:32.890
not by the mores of Ireland
nor by the King's English.

00:02:34.060 --> 00:02:38.850
Joyce plumbed Dublin and poured his
private life into the love vessel of

00:02:39.320 --> 00:02:40.153
Ulysses.

00:02:41.310 --> 00:02:46.130
The narrative of Joyce's life can
be absolutely fantastic. This nomad,

00:02:46.510 --> 00:02:51.080
this tortured genius. Well, he
was poor. He was going blind...

00:02:52.540 --> 00:02:56.600
He wanted Ulysses to change the
art form of fiction forever and

00:02:57.460 --> 00:03:02.080
Mr. Joyce got his way,
but at an enormous price.

00:03:18.570 --> 00:03:21.150
And you're not prepared to read
this, but read it any way would you ?

00:03:22.280 --> 00:03:26.830
Could see her in the bedroom from the
hearth unclamping the busk of her stays.

00:03:27.800 --> 00:03:32.310
White. Swish and soft flop
her stays made on the bed.

00:03:33.410 --> 00:03:38.230
Always warm from her. Always
liked to let herself out.

00:03:38.230 --> 00:03:42.580
Sitting there after till near
two, taking out her hairpins.

00:03:43.710 --> 00:03:46.220
Milly tucked up in
beddyhouse. Happy. Happy.

00:03:49.090 --> 00:03:50.060
That was the night...

00:03:51.480 --> 00:03:55.980
We love the novels language and
we love its depiction of love.

00:03:56.800 --> 00:04:01.290
For some of us, the thrall of
Joyce's keeps intensifying.

00:04:03.010 --> 00:04:03.843
I became a Ulysses zealot.

00:04:06.770 --> 00:04:08.730
I staged a reading for Bloomsday,

00:04:10.430 --> 00:04:12.530
the global Ulysses feast day.

00:04:13.930 --> 00:04:18.090
Okay, good. Um, quick
switches, quick switches.

00:04:18.870 --> 00:04:23.240
The melding of narration and
voice. Let's try it again.

00:04:25.230 --> 00:04:25.930
Okay. Scene 7...

00:04:25.930 --> 00:04:30.320
Seven actors would play
different aspects of the lonely

00:04:31.080 --> 00:04:34.000
Leopold Bloom and his
infamous wife, Molly.

00:04:36.020 --> 00:04:37.480
We were all learning to read Joyce better.

00:04:40.880 --> 00:04:45.710
First I gave him the bit of seed cake
out of my mouth and it was leapyear

00:04:46.060 --> 00:04:50.790
like now yes 16 years ago,

00:04:51.130 --> 00:04:53.830
my God after

00:04:56.300 --> 00:05:00.510
that long kiss, I near lost my breath yes,

00:05:01.720 --> 00:05:03.660
he said I was a flower of the mountain.

00:05:06.030 --> 00:05:10.380
Joyce and Nora were as opposite
as any two lovers could be.

00:05:11.850 --> 00:05:15.500
Nora was spontaneous, earthy, flippant.

00:05:16.590 --> 00:05:19.620
Joyce was furtive, paranoid
and incorrigibly self-absorbed.

00:05:19.620 --> 00:05:20.233
Inescapably autobiographical,

00:05:27.870 --> 00:05:30.050
he needed to live what he wrote.

00:05:38.150 --> 00:05:41.330
Are we at home with the
Joyces or with the Blooms,

00:05:41.510 --> 00:05:45.930
the most notorious couple
in modern literature?

00:05:49.340 --> 00:05:50.173
In the novel,

00:05:50.510 --> 00:05:55.360
Leopold's bad day begins when his wife
gets a letter from the man who will be

00:05:55.361 --> 00:05:59.160
her lover later that day, Blazes Boylan.

00:06:01.390 --> 00:06:04.640
Two letters and a card
lie on the hallfloor.

00:06:05.860 --> 00:06:07.480
He stopped and gathered them.

00:06:08.540 --> 00:06:10.720
Mrs. Marion Bloom.

00:06:10.980 --> 00:06:15.000
His quick heart slowed at
once. Bold hand. Mrs. Marion.

00:06:15.000 --> 00:06:15.000
Poldy!

00:06:15.000 --> 00:06:17.280
Entering the bedroom,

00:06:18.330 --> 00:06:23.310
he halfclosed his eyes and walked
through warm yellow twilight toward her

00:06:23.311 --> 00:06:24.144
tousled head.

00:06:24.570 --> 00:06:25.790
Who are the letters for?

00:06:26.490 --> 00:06:27.670
He looked at them.

00:06:27.670 --> 00:06:32.230
A letter for me from Milly, he
said carefully, and a card to you.

00:06:32.410 --> 00:06:34.790
And a letter for you.

00:06:35.250 --> 00:06:39.860
He laid her card and letter on the
twill bedspread near the curve of her

00:06:39.950 --> 00:06:40.783
knees.

00:06:40.920 --> 00:06:41.900
Do you want the blind up?

00:06:42.410 --> 00:06:45.340
Letting the blind up by gentle half tugs,

00:06:45.840 --> 00:06:49.820
his backward eye saw her glance at the
letter and tuck it under the pillow.

00:06:50.400 --> 00:06:55.060
He waited till she had laid the
card aside and curled herself slowly

00:06:55.400 --> 00:06:56.860
in a snug sigh.

00:06:59.500 --> 00:07:02.610
Hurry up with that tea
she said. I'm parched.

00:07:03.230 --> 00:07:04.410
The kettle is boiling, he said.

00:07:04.411 --> 00:07:08.930
But he delayed to clear the
chair: her striped petticoat,

00:07:09.510 --> 00:07:10.890
tossed soiled linen:

00:07:11.630 --> 00:07:14.850
lifted all in an armful and
put it on the foot of the bed.

00:07:15.750 --> 00:07:17.810
As he went down the
kitchen stairs she cried.

00:07:18.030 --> 00:07:18.863
Poldy!

00:07:19.110 --> 00:07:19.943
What?

00:07:20.090 --> 00:07:21.400
Scald the teapot!

00:07:23.410 --> 00:07:28.400
Joyce said himself he was going to
turn English literature on its head.

00:07:28.940 --> 00:07:32.480
He was going to break it down
and he was going to remake it.

00:07:33.500 --> 00:07:37.400
Now that is a very big statement.
I mean, that's nuclear.

00:07:38.630 --> 00:07:40.350
Well, Bloom inside or,

00:07:41.020 --> 00:07:45.590
outside...Bloom talking to the
Irishers on the street has a very

00:07:45.591 --> 00:07:50.590
different kind of diction and
language than the interior Bloom .

00:07:51.940 --> 00:07:53.110
With Ulysses,

00:07:53.111 --> 00:07:58.070
Joyce gave his readers astonishing
access to the interior lives of its

00:07:58.120 --> 00:08:01.740
characters: their thoughts, memories,

00:08:02.330 --> 00:08:04.100
momentary associations.

00:08:05.850 --> 00:08:09.020
Setting the entire opus within one day,

00:08:09.330 --> 00:08:11.940
June 16th, 1904,

00:08:12.230 --> 00:08:15.540
Joyce showcased dozens
of narrative styles.

00:08:17.730 --> 00:08:22.170
What Joyce did was he sort of went out
and he cast himself out to sea and he

00:08:22.171 --> 00:08:26.410
found a fantastic Galapagos
of the imagination.

00:08:28.290 --> 00:08:31.330
Let's not forget that Ulysses is
a pretty damn funny book, too.

00:08:46.840 --> 00:08:51.740
Not an awful lot happens in
Dublin on the 16th of June, 1904,

00:08:53.320 --> 00:08:58.240
but the events and non-events of
that day have touched people around

00:08:58.241 --> 00:09:00.920
the world within this
modernist masterpiece.

00:09:05.670 --> 00:09:10.400
It's the day that Joyce chose
to immortalize the day he

00:09:10.610 --> 00:09:12.120
first walked out with Nora Barnacle.

00:09:14.360 --> 00:09:17.590
Nora had to run away from
her family in Galway.

00:09:18.610 --> 00:09:22.190
She was wild and
troublesome, brazen with men,

00:09:22.930 --> 00:09:23.790
openly sexual.

00:09:26.650 --> 00:09:31.270
She was working as a chambermaid at
Finn's hotel in Dublin when Joyce

00:09:31.670 --> 00:09:33.630
approached her one day
on the street. Twenty

00:09:35.840 --> 00:09:39.580
years old, stately, impulsive,

00:09:40.360 --> 00:09:41.620
she knew what she wanted.

00:09:46.250 --> 00:09:50.980
They walked out to the murky flats
of Dublin harbor on their first date.

00:09:52.240 --> 00:09:54.980
She put her hand into Joyce's pants. That

00:09:56.691 --> 00:09:58.810
made a lasting impression on him.

00:10:01.010 --> 00:10:01.843
O wonder!

00:10:03.050 --> 00:10:07.170
oolsoft with ointments her hand
touched me, caressed: her eyes

00:10:09.160 --> 00:10:10.530
upon me did not turn away.

00:10:12.530 --> 00:10:14.410
A week after that first date,

00:10:14.550 --> 00:10:18.000
she wrote calling him my
most precious darling.

00:10:20.540 --> 00:10:24.480
And a few months after that,
before they ran away unwed,

00:10:25.700 --> 00:10:28.840
she wrote, I am forever yours.

00:10:32.760 --> 00:10:36.200
"Barnacle!", Joyce's father
said when he heard her name,

00:10:36.810 --> 00:10:40.510
"She'll stick to Jim
forever." And she did.

00:10:58.610 --> 00:11:02.780
Dirt poor, Jim and Nora tried
practicing birth control.

00:11:03.570 --> 00:11:08.300
He sleeping with his head at her
feet as the Blooms do in Ulysses.

00:11:14.120 --> 00:11:17.540
But in 1905, Nora had their first child,

00:11:18.880 --> 00:11:23.610
Giorgio. They dreaded
additional pregnancies.

00:11:30.240 --> 00:11:34.290
Then three years after Giorgio
came their daughter, Lucia.

00:11:39.770 --> 00:11:44.030
The literary innovator tutored
English while writing at night.

00:11:46.010 --> 00:11:48.070
To find work , duck out on debts,

00:11:48.210 --> 00:11:52.950
and even to flee internment
as an enemy alien in World

00:11:53.140 --> 00:11:57.000
War I, Joyce moved his
family dozens of times,

00:12:08.350 --> 00:12:12.360
Odysseus foraging for sustenance
across Europe with his family in tow.

00:12:26.760 --> 00:12:31.190
Joyce spoke frequently about
his fear of catching it from God

00:12:31.510 --> 00:12:32.343
almighty.

00:12:34.040 --> 00:12:38.580
He was afraid of thunder
,of the sea, of heights,

00:12:38.920 --> 00:12:39.753
of infection.

00:12:44.560 --> 00:12:49.460
He was superstitious about seeing
things like two nuns in the street

00:12:50.200 --> 00:12:52.180
or a man's hat on a bed.

00:12:58.370 --> 00:13:02.890
A friend once observed Nora
trying to coax a black cat

00:13:03.520 --> 00:13:08.330
into the room where her superstitious
husband was cowering in the bed.

00:13:15.980 --> 00:13:20.680
He constantly imagined
he was being betrayed by

00:13:20.681 --> 00:13:24.920
friends, bosses, colleagues, and Nora.

00:13:26.690 --> 00:13:27.523
In the novel,

00:13:27.860 --> 00:13:32.150
Leopold Bloom knows he's being
betrayed and lives with it.

00:13:33.240 --> 00:13:37.780
Joyce was learning from Bloom
even as he was creating him.

00:13:42.000 --> 00:13:45.260
The warmth of her couched
body rose in the air,

00:13:46.020 --> 00:13:48.380
mingling with the fragrance
of the tea she poured.

00:13:49.460 --> 00:13:53.260
A strip of torn envelope peeped
from under the dimpled pillow.

00:13:53.800 --> 00:13:58.050
In the act of going he stayed
to straighten the bedspread.

00:13:58.630 --> 00:14:02.730
Who was the letter from?
he asked. Bold hand,

00:14:03.740 --> 00:14:04.573
Marion.

00:14:04.950 --> 00:14:07.330
O Boylan, she said, he's
bringing the programme.

00:14:09.220 --> 00:14:14.170
Joyce became obsessed with the idea
that Nora had been two-timing him with

00:14:14.230 --> 00:14:15.170
one of his friends.

00:14:17.180 --> 00:14:21.360
He gored himself with
masochistic fantasies and

00:14:21.630 --> 00:14:24.720
mercilessly imposed
his accusations on her.

00:14:26.300 --> 00:14:28.080
She took it all silently.

00:14:31.790 --> 00:14:32.840
When they were apart,

00:14:33.780 --> 00:14:38.550
she punished him with taunting reminders
of what can happen when a woman's

00:14:38.600 --> 00:14:40.070
needs go unmet,

00:14:40.840 --> 00:14:44.230
addressing letters to
him as "Dear cuckold."

00:14:48.490 --> 00:14:53.440
His jealous crises inspired the central
conflict he would build into Ulysses,

00:14:53.810 --> 00:14:57.640
the emotional burden Bloom carries.

00:15:01.510 --> 00:15:05.920
Then out of a strange compulsion
to confront his worst fears,

00:15:06.460 --> 00:15:11.230
Jim started pushing Nora to become
intimate with their male acquaintances,

00:15:12.490 --> 00:15:14.710
but she remained steadfastly faithful.

00:15:16.810 --> 00:15:21.070
"My husband wants me to go with other
men so he'll have something to write

00:15:21.070 --> 00:15:22.110
about," she said.

00:15:23.770 --> 00:15:27.430
An amazing tribute to Nora is the
fact that she stayed with him.

00:15:27.431 --> 00:15:29.510
Why would anybody stay
with somebody who is,

00:15:29.750 --> 00:15:32.780
is treating her like some piece
of whatever you'd call it. I mean,

00:15:33.050 --> 00:15:36.220
it's a horrible way to treat your
wife. I mean, it's disgusting,

00:15:36.440 --> 00:15:39.980
and he's doing it all so that he'll
have something to write about.

00:15:43.610 --> 00:15:47.780
Reality and raunch intermingle
in Bloom's consciousness.

00:15:49.210 --> 00:15:54.010
Even as he's telling a man on this
street about their friend Dignam's

00:15:54.011 --> 00:15:54.844
death,

00:15:54.920 --> 00:15:59.370
he's trying to catch sight of a
woman's legs as she gets on a tram.

00:16:01.350 --> 00:16:05.930
What's wrong with him? he said. He's
dead, he said. And faith, he filled up.

00:16:05.930 --> 00:16:09.330
Is it Paddy Dignam? I said. I
couldn't believe it when I heard it.

00:16:09.770 --> 00:16:13.200
I was with him no later than Friday last
or Thursday was it at the Arch. Yes,

00:16:13.660 --> 00:16:16.000
he said. He's gone. He
died on Monday poor fellow.

00:16:17.090 --> 00:16:21.760
Watch! Watch! Silk flash
rich stockings white.

00:16:23.210 --> 00:16:24.043
Watch!

00:16:24.160 --> 00:16:25.160
A heavy tramcar honking its
gong slewed between. The

00:16:31.980 --> 00:16:35.310
tram passed. They drove off
toward the Loop Line bridge,

00:16:35.490 --> 00:16:39.030
her rich gloved hand on the
steel grip. Flicker, flicker:

00:16:39.690 --> 00:16:43.070
the laceflare of her hat
in the sun: flicker flick.

00:16:53.700 --> 00:16:56.100
It'd be nice to think of it as the
birthplace of modern literature.

00:16:57.170 --> 00:16:58.003
It's a Martello tower.

00:17:01.770 --> 00:17:05.420
It's a very special place. Joyce
himself lived here for only six days,

00:17:05.480 --> 00:17:07.420
but it left a lasting impression on him.

00:17:23.020 --> 00:17:26.150
This is something that
Joyce has described exactly.

00:17:27.300 --> 00:17:31.470
He's got the exact feel of the open
air and the seas stretching out.

00:17:32.530 --> 00:17:36.460
And you realize that the novel could
never have begun in any other place.

00:17:42.270 --> 00:17:45.580
Joyce was challenging
the titans of literature,

00:17:45.580 --> 00:17:48.740
rewriting Homer's epic, the Odyssey,

00:17:49.050 --> 00:17:54.000
while his persona in the novel,
Steven Dedalus, reworks Shakespeare.

00:17:54.270 --> 00:17:55.103
But

00:17:58.700 --> 00:18:00.520
unlike Homer's, Odysseus,

00:18:01.270 --> 00:18:05.920
Joyce's characters are anti
heroes peeking up women's

00:18:06.220 --> 00:18:08.400
skirts and consorting with whores.

00:18:12.060 --> 00:18:13.830
Stately, no plump, yes.

00:18:20.700 --> 00:18:24.710
What a place to feel the gift
and wonder of literature.

00:18:26.650 --> 00:18:31.580
Joyce had stood at this parapet
and he'd had Steven Dedalus

00:18:31.630 --> 00:18:32.780
stand here too.

00:18:34.920 --> 00:18:38.580
Oh, Stephen, Stephen's harder to get
closer too 'cause he's the dreamer.

00:18:39.780 --> 00:18:40.780
I can see Stephen, you know,

00:18:40.781 --> 00:18:43.260
like putting a scarf around his
neck and walking down Sandymount.

00:18:46.440 --> 00:18:46.741
You know,

00:18:46.741 --> 00:18:50.850
it would be nice to have a good chat
about philosophy and theology and ideas,

00:18:51.030 --> 00:18:53.570
but you wouldn't necessarily want
him to come home and fix your fridge,

00:18:54.190 --> 00:18:55.023
you know.

00:18:56.790 --> 00:19:00.010
I can't help it, It just overcomes me.

00:19:05.110 --> 00:19:09.490
Bloom is entirely real. I mean, I
love him from the moment I meet him.

00:19:10.960 --> 00:19:13.560
A little bit uncomfortable
in, in his skin. What was

00:19:16.041 --> 00:19:19.240
pretty spectacular that, you
know, the greatest figure in,

00:19:19.460 --> 00:19:24.160
in Irish literature and probably in
contemporary literature in general is an

00:19:24.161 --> 00:19:29.080
Irish Hungarian Jew. I think it's a
fantastic choice, uh, for, for, for,

00:19:29.460 --> 00:19:33.830
uh, Joyce to have both an
insider and an outsider, um,

00:19:34.010 --> 00:19:34.950
at the same time.

00:19:35.290 --> 00:19:39.630
And this is the man who sort of like
escorts us on this journey through this

00:19:39.770 --> 00:19:41.070
labrynth city.

00:20:01.680 --> 00:20:05.460
All these strangers he meets
on the streets of Dublin,

00:20:06.200 --> 00:20:07.033
old friends too. People

00:20:09.840 --> 00:20:14.370
he treats with such
respect who hold him in

00:20:14.530 --> 00:20:15.363
contempt.

00:20:17.230 --> 00:20:22.210
Who is that chap behind Tom
Kiernan, John Henry Menton asked.

00:20:22.690 --> 00:20:23.523
I know his face.

00:20:23.720 --> 00:20:28.330
Ned Lambert glanced back, Bloom he
said Madame Marion Tweedy that was,

00:20:28.730 --> 00:20:31.010
is, I mean the soprano, she's his wife.

00:20:31.470 --> 00:20:35.760
Oh, to be sure. John Henry Menton
said I haven't seen her for some time.

00:20:36.100 --> 00:20:40.760
She was a fine looking woman. I
danced with her wait, fifteen,

00:20:41.030 --> 00:20:44.680
seventeen golden years ago
at Mat Dylan's in Roundtown.

00:20:46.180 --> 00:20:47.480
And a good armful she was.

00:20:47.620 --> 00:20:49.080
He looked behind through the others.

00:20:49.580 --> 00:20:54.280
In God's name, John Henry Menton said,
what did you marry a coon like that for?

00:20:54.700 --> 00:20:56.160
She had plenty of game in her.

00:20:56.600 --> 00:20:58.080
Has still, Ned Lambert said.

00:20:58.820 --> 00:21:03.240
That's your shift when from
all of this other floating

00:21:03.650 --> 00:21:05.640
stuff, we come to Bloom.

00:21:06.680 --> 00:21:10.510
So there you are, they might as well try
to stop the sun from rising tomorrow.

00:21:12.290 --> 00:21:14.990
The sun shines for you he said, okay.

00:21:14.991 --> 00:21:15.824
Yeah. Yeah.

00:21:15.960 --> 00:21:16.793
Great.

00:21:17.010 --> 00:21:20.150
And I'm to be slouching around down
in the kitchen to get his lordship his

00:21:20.631 --> 00:21:24.430
breakfast while he's rolled up
like a mummy will I indeed did

00:21:26.351 --> 00:21:30.620
you ever see me running I'd just
like to see myself at it show

00:21:31.780 --> 00:21:35.860
them attention and they treat you like
dirt I don't care what anybody says.

00:21:38.270 --> 00:21:43.260
Joyce modeled Molly Bloom after
his own dear cantankerous, Nora.

00:21:46.410 --> 00:21:50.850
Nora confided to Jim that
her first intimacies had
been with a man named Mulvey.

00:21:51.440 --> 00:21:52.273
Joyce

00:21:53.670 --> 00:21:57.850
put him at the head of Bloom's
list of Molly's lovers in Ulysses.

00:21:59.710 --> 00:22:02.810
"I'm listening at the door of
your heart," he warned her.

00:22:04.400 --> 00:22:07.970
"That man knows nothing about
women," she told friends.,

00:22:09.180 --> 00:22:11.640
But he knew her better
than he knew himself.

00:22:14.140 --> 00:22:17.240
O move over your big carcass out
of that for the love of Mike it'd

00:22:19.121 --> 00:22:22.400
be much better for the world to
be governed by the women in it you

00:22:24.041 --> 00:22:28.480
wouldn't see women going and killing
one another and slaughtering when do you

00:22:28.480 --> 00:22:32.990
ever see women rolling around
drunk like they do or gambling

00:22:33.150 --> 00:22:35.830
every penny they have and
losing it on horses yes because

00:22:37.710 --> 00:22:42.350
a woman whatever she does she knows where
to stop sure they wouldn't be in the

00:22:42.351 --> 00:22:43.830
world at all only for us they

00:22:45.471 --> 00:22:48.830
don't know what it is to be a woman
and a mother how could they...

00:22:51.540 --> 00:22:54.580
I think Joyce's tenderness towards women,

00:22:55.400 --> 00:22:59.460
his identification with women

00:23:00.400 --> 00:23:04.740
and his sense of-- his way
of knowing them is uncanny.

00:23:06.150 --> 00:23:08.820
They're wild voices,
they're musical voices

00:23:10.670 --> 00:23:12.290
and they're voices for eternity.

00:23:13.520 --> 00:23:18.210
Well it's a poor case that those that
have a fine son like that they're not

00:23:18.210 --> 00:23:23.050
satisfied and I none I suppose
I oughtnt to have buried him

00:23:23.051 --> 00:23:27.690
in that little woolly jacket
I knitted crying as I was

00:23:28.590 --> 00:23:32.560
but give it to some poor
child but I knew well

00:23:35.740 --> 00:23:39.200
I'd never have another
our first death too it was

00:23:40.721 --> 00:23:45.680
we were never the same since oh I'm
not going to think myself into the

00:23:45.900 --> 00:23:47.240
glooms about that anymore....

00:23:56.060 --> 00:24:01.040
In the novel Bloom is so badly
scarred by his infant son Rudy's death

00:24:01.041 --> 00:24:05.270
that he's left sexually
impaired. Yearning,

00:24:05.330 --> 00:24:07.830
but barely able to fulfill himself.

00:24:11.070 --> 00:24:14.110
Joyce had broken through
to the human psyche.

00:24:16.280 --> 00:24:20.310
White horses with white frontlet
plumes came round the Rotunda corner,

00:24:20.310 --> 00:24:23.350
galloping. A tiny coffin flashed by.

00:24:24.330 --> 00:24:27.220
Sad, Martin Cunningham said. A child.

00:24:27.220 --> 00:24:27.933
A dwarf's face, mauve and

00:24:30.821 --> 00:24:32.980
wrinkled like little
Rudy's was. Dwarf's body,

00:24:34.381 --> 00:24:38.620
weak as putty, in a
whitelined deal box. Penny a

00:24:40.181 --> 00:24:43.380
week for a sod of turf. Our.
Little. Beggar. Baby. Meant

00:24:48.011 --> 00:24:52.610
nothing. Mistake of nature. If
it's healthy it's from the mother.

00:24:53.070 --> 00:24:57.450
If not the man. Better luck next time.

00:24:57.450 --> 00:25:01.130
Poor little thing, Mr. Dedalus
said. It's well out of it.

00:25:01.870 --> 00:25:05.210
The carriage climbed more slowly
the hill of Rutland Square.

00:25:05.350 --> 00:25:09.880
Rattle his bones. Over
the stones. Only a pauper.

00:25:10.700 --> 00:25:12.120
Nobody owns.

00:25:12.500 --> 00:25:14.000
In the midst of life,
Martin Cunningham said.

00:25:40.400 --> 00:25:44.950
Joyce staunchly resisted falling
under the influence of the era's

00:25:45.130 --> 00:25:48.860
psychoanalytic priests, Freud, and Jung.

00:25:50.250 --> 00:25:53.260
They may have been explaining
the human unconscious,

00:25:53.880 --> 00:25:55.580
but he was giving it a voice.

00:25:58.520 --> 00:26:03.420
He could put thoughts onto the page
and no one could say they weren't real.

00:26:06.480 --> 00:26:07.500
I'm ready for Calypso.

00:26:09.740 --> 00:26:13.130
After all the years that
I'd admired the text,

00:26:13.350 --> 00:26:16.930
it was coming to me now
in Joyce's own hand. I

00:26:19.091 --> 00:26:20.050
was in awe.

00:26:22.110 --> 00:26:22.943
Um.

00:26:23.210 --> 00:26:23.210
They're very fragile.

00:26:23.210 --> 00:26:27.050
Okay. Thank you very much.

00:26:29.020 --> 00:26:30.840
And it's okay if I move the boards?

00:26:30.840 --> 00:26:32.280
Yeah. Okay, great.

00:26:34.350 --> 00:26:38.640
Here it is! And it's beautiful.

00:26:38.870 --> 00:26:42.360
It's beautifully written. "Mr.

00:26:42.360 --> 00:26:47.080
Leopold Bloom ate with relish
the inner organs of beasts and

00:26:47.330 --> 00:26:51.920
fowls. He liked thick
giblet soup, nutty gizzards,

00:26:52.040 --> 00:26:53.320
a stuffed roast heart."

00:26:54.900 --> 00:26:59.040
You can almost see he loves
what he's writing. I swear,

00:26:59.041 --> 00:27:04.030
I can feel his confidence and maybe his

00:27:04.160 --> 00:27:05.870
narcissism looking at this.

00:27:07.370 --> 00:27:11.510
He uses dashes at the
beginning of each quotation,

00:27:11.640 --> 00:27:12.830
never quotation marks. "Mrkrgnao! the cat

00:27:17.620 --> 00:27:20.870
said loudly." You can't
help but read it out loud!

00:27:23.880 --> 00:27:25.540
"He opened the letter
within the newspaper. ".

00:27:26.270 --> 00:27:30.740
Bloom finds a private moment to
read a letter from his illicit

00:27:30.890 --> 00:27:32.860
correspondent. Martha.

00:27:34.160 --> 00:27:37.860
"Are you not happy in your
home, you poor naughty boy?

00:27:39.100 --> 00:27:42.980
I do wish I could do something
for you. When will we meet?

00:27:44.250 --> 00:27:46.530
I think of you so often you have no idea.

00:27:46.850 --> 00:27:50.610
I have never felt myself so
much drawn to a man as you?

00:27:50.890 --> 00:27:55.770
I feel so bad about...Do not deny
my request before my patience are

00:27:56.011 --> 00:27:59.290
exhausted. Then I will tell
you all . Goodbye now, naughty

00:28:02.090 --> 00:28:02.923
darling.

00:28:03.290 --> 00:28:07.880
I have such bad headache today and
write by return to your longing.

00:28:09.040 --> 00:28:09.873
Martha.

00:28:10.700 --> 00:28:15.200
PS do tell me what kind of
perfume does your wife use?

00:28:15.560 --> 00:28:16.400
I want to know.".

00:28:17.110 --> 00:28:19.960
Then walking slowly forward,
he read the letter again,

00:28:20.430 --> 00:28:21.680
murmuring here and there a word.

00:28:22.450 --> 00:28:25.430
Angry tulips with you, darling, manflower,

00:28:26.490 --> 00:28:29.710
punish your cactus. If you
don't please poor forgetnot

00:28:31.370 --> 00:28:36.030
how I long violets to dear
roses when we soon anenome

00:28:36.560 --> 00:28:41.510
meet all naughty nightstalk
wife Martha's perfume.

00:28:42.660 --> 00:28:44.470
Fingering still the letter in his
pocket, he drew the pin out of it.

00:28:44.610 --> 00:28:47.340
Common pin.

00:28:48.120 --> 00:28:48.980
He threw it on the road.

00:28:48.981 --> 00:28:50.420
Out of her clothes somewhere:
Pinned together. Queer, the

00:28:54.661 --> 00:28:59.580
number of pins they always
have. No roses without thorns.

00:29:07.360 --> 00:29:12.170
Nora probably never knew that her
Jim was himself exploring a "secret

00:29:12.170 --> 00:29:13.330
correspondence" with

00:29:14.850 --> 00:29:19.810
a woman on the next street who just
happened to also be named Martha.

00:29:26.890 --> 00:29:30.080
Joyce had incredible
powers of concentration,

00:29:32.250 --> 00:29:36.600
often choosing to work in
their tumultuous kitchen while

00:29:36.990 --> 00:29:40.680
Nora, Giorgio and Lucia
joked and bickered.

00:29:44.430 --> 00:29:46.080
He'd sit with a suitcase,

00:29:46.081 --> 00:29:50.120
stretched across the arms of
a chair as his writing table.

00:29:58.280 --> 00:30:02.830
Nowadays, it's much easier to edit
and turn things around and you know,

00:30:03.550 --> 00:30:06.870
paste and cut and paste and control find
and replace and all that sort of stuff.

00:30:07.430 --> 00:30:11.110
There was none of that around and
just the physical labor alone was

00:30:11.111 --> 00:30:11.944
extraordinary.

00:30:21.880 --> 00:30:25.500
The Joyces' money troubles eased
in Zurich when the heiress,

00:30:26.020 --> 00:30:27.900
Edith Rockefeller McCormick,

00:30:28.010 --> 00:30:31.300
bestowed a monthly stipend on Joyce.

00:30:33.240 --> 00:30:37.180
But when Joyce refused to be
psychoanalyzed by her idol,

00:30:37.860 --> 00:30:41.890
Carl Jung, Mrs. McCormick
suspended the support, soon sending

00:30:43.510 --> 00:30:45.250
the Joyces packing again. They

00:30:59.211 --> 00:31:01.850
arrived in Paris in 1920,

00:31:02.230 --> 00:31:05.640
when every art form was
erupting with innovation.

00:31:15.830 --> 00:31:17.960
Inflammations in his irises,

00:31:18.150 --> 00:31:21.200
complicated by acute attacks of glaucoma,

00:31:21.730 --> 00:31:23.590
drove him to bed in pain.

00:31:26.860 --> 00:31:31.350
When he was well enough, he went
back to working 12 hours a day,

00:31:31.990 --> 00:31:34.630
brutally punishing those failing eyes.

00:31:36.860 --> 00:31:37.830
Chapter by chapter,

00:31:37.831 --> 00:31:41.910
he published Ulysses in
America's Little Review

00:31:42.910 --> 00:31:46.700
causing a worldwide stir
in literary circles.

00:31:49.500 --> 00:31:50.333
When low there

00:31:51.420 --> 00:31:55.540
came upon them a great brightness and
they beheld the chariot wherein He stood

00:31:55.900 --> 00:31:58.660
ascend to heaven. And they
beheld Him in the chariot,

00:31:58.920 --> 00:32:01.220
clothed upon in the
glory of brightness....

00:32:02.500 --> 00:32:07.370
Paris' top literary critic was one of
the first writers to be stricken by

00:32:07.770 --> 00:32:08.430
Ulysses.

00:32:08.430 --> 00:32:13.090
He said he'd been unable to work
or sleep since he'd read it.

00:32:13.390 --> 00:32:16.970
...And they beheld Him
even Him, Ben Bloom Elijah,

00:32:17.320 --> 00:32:21.410
amid clouds of angels ascend to
the glory of brightness at a right

00:32:21.660 --> 00:32:26.640
fortyfive degree angle over Donohoe's
in Little Green Street like a shot off a

00:32:26.641 --> 00:32:27.474
shovel.

00:32:27.590 --> 00:32:31.080
Okay. But we've got to figure
out a place to get you a breath.

00:32:32.940 --> 00:32:37.720
The critic said Bloom would be as
eternal a character in literature

00:32:37.780 --> 00:32:38.613
as Falstaff.

00:32:58.320 --> 00:33:01.710
The constant uprooting was
denying the Joyces' children,

00:33:01.970 --> 00:33:04.510
the chance to build their own identities.

00:33:06.020 --> 00:33:10.950
They were aliens in their new
schools with no knowledge of how

00:33:11.010 --> 00:33:14.510
to speak the local
language and no friends.

00:33:21.930 --> 00:33:25.340
Nora was skeptical about
Ulysses from the start.

00:33:26.720 --> 00:33:31.060
Her resistance to reading the
book fed Joyce's insecurity,

00:33:32.120 --> 00:33:34.220
and the deeper Joyce got into the novel,

00:33:34.500 --> 00:33:37.220
the more he withdrew from Nora.

00:33:39.830 --> 00:33:44.730
He was becoming oddly disinterested
in what had been a hot intimacy in

00:33:44.731 --> 00:33:49.450
their real lives, even as he was
exploiting their sex in his writing.

00:33:54.080 --> 00:33:56.970
Nora felt as if she wasn't
in bed with a man anymore,

00:33:57.160 --> 00:33:59.890
she was in bed with a novel.

00:34:01.840 --> 00:34:05.040
Ulysses had become her
rival and she hated it.

00:34:06.640 --> 00:34:11.640
I never in my life felt anyone
had one the size of that to

00:34:11.641 --> 00:34:15.840
make you feel full up he mustof
eaten a whole sheep after what's

00:34:17.721 --> 00:34:22.590
the idea making us like that with
a big hole in the middle of us like

00:34:23.390 --> 00:34:27.950
a Stallion driving it up into you because
that's all they want out of you with

00:34:28.910 --> 00:34:31.350
that determined vicious look in his eyes.

00:34:35.450 --> 00:34:40.230
The novel's erotic passages were
getting the censors in the United States

00:34:40.630 --> 00:34:41.463
worked up.

00:34:42.920 --> 00:34:47.780
The smut fighters in the U.S. Post
Office mobilized every time the

00:34:47.781 --> 00:34:50.860
Little Review published a
new chapter of Ulysses .

00:34:51.890 --> 00:34:55.060
They would confiscate
and burn the journals.

00:34:59.090 --> 00:35:03.490
They brought the two courageous women
who were the editors of the Little

00:35:03.790 --> 00:35:06.890
Review up on obscenity
charges in New York--

00:35:08.440 --> 00:35:11.210
fingerprinted them; convicted them.

00:35:12.550 --> 00:35:16.930
"It felt like they were burning me
at the stake," Margaret Anderson.

00:35:23.020 --> 00:35:27.840
It didn't help Joyce's spirits that
Nora was agreeing with the censors.

00:35:29.110 --> 00:35:33.480
"I've always thought he should give up
writing and take up singing," she said.

00:35:36.490 --> 00:35:41.280
Joyce despaired that his master
work was going to die in darkness.

00:35:50.620 --> 00:35:53.840
By rose, by satiny bosom,

00:35:54.540 --> 00:35:58.350
by the fondling hand,
by slops, by empties,

00:35:59.570 --> 00:36:03.790
by popped corks, greeting and
going, past eyes and maidenhair,

00:36:04.090 --> 00:36:08.590
bronze and faint gold in
deepseashadow went Bloom,

00:36:09.820 --> 00:36:14.230
soft Bloom, I feel so lonely Bloom.

00:36:28.610 --> 00:36:32.260
Bloom's odyssey has a lot to
do with looking after people:

00:36:35.240 --> 00:36:39.090
He visits a hospital where
a woman he knows has been in

00:36:39.490 --> 00:36:41.690
excruciating labor for days.

00:36:47.030 --> 00:36:48.570
At the funeral for his friend,

00:36:48.571 --> 00:36:53.370
he makes a remarkably
generous contribution to poor

00:36:53.770 --> 00:36:55.930
Paddy Dignam's destitute family.

00:36:59.860 --> 00:37:00.350
All the while,

00:37:00.350 --> 00:37:05.320
Bloom's consciousness is gored
with the knowledge that at four his

00:37:05.870 --> 00:37:08.440
wife will be with Blazes Boylan.

00:37:10.450 --> 00:37:12.520
Joyce was insanely jealous

00:37:14.250 --> 00:37:17.280
about the possibility that
Nora would betray him. And, uh,

00:37:17.840 --> 00:37:20.030
it's beyond belief how jealous he got.

00:37:20.460 --> 00:37:23.870
This is why writers are writers and
writers like Joyce are writers like Joyce,

00:37:23.871 --> 00:37:26.790
because somebody who never could
have lived as Leopold Bloom

00:37:29.470 --> 00:37:30.303
created Leopold Bloom.

00:37:31.690 --> 00:37:33.350
Am I cuckholded enough here?

00:37:34.150 --> 00:37:35.830
I guess you are, time and again.

00:37:36.220 --> 00:37:37.053
Okay.

00:37:37.070 --> 00:37:41.220
I think actually it's tough for
you to master Bloom's meekness,

00:37:41.360 --> 00:37:43.700
but there may be some need for that.

00:37:44.410 --> 00:37:45.243
Okay.

00:37:45.350 --> 00:37:50.340
Bloom practically climbs out of his
skin when he sees Boylan dressed up for

00:37:50.341 --> 00:37:54.380
his date with Molly. He's
desperately self-conscious.

00:37:56.200 --> 00:37:57.900
Mr. Bloom came to Kildare Street.

00:37:57.910 --> 00:38:02.490
First I must. Library.
Straw hat in sunlight.

00:38:02.860 --> 00:38:07.730
Tan shoes. Tan shoes.
Turned up trousers. It is.

00:38:08.130 --> 00:38:08.310
Is.

00:38:08.310 --> 00:38:09.530
His heart quopped softly.

00:38:09.950 --> 00:38:11.930
To the right. Museum. Goddesses.

00:38:12.130 --> 00:38:12.963
He swerved to the right.

00:38:13.230 --> 00:38:17.730
It is! Almost certain.
Won't look. Why did I?

00:38:18.350 --> 00:38:22.040
Too heady? Yes, it is. The
walk Not see. Not see. Get on.

00:38:22.100 --> 00:38:24.640
Making for the museum gate with long
windy strides he lifted his eyes.

00:38:26.120 --> 00:38:31.040
A handsome building. Sir Thomas
Dean designed. Not following me.

00:38:31.530 --> 00:38:33.600
Don't see me perhaps. Light in his eyes.

00:38:33.660 --> 00:38:35.680
The flutter of his breath
came forth in short sighs.

00:38:36.640 --> 00:38:41.120
Quick. Cold statues: quiet
there. Safe a minute. No,

00:38:41.170 --> 00:38:44.080
didn't see me. After two.
Just at the gate. My heart!

00:38:44.080 --> 00:38:47.280
His eyes beating looked steadfastly
at cream curves of stone.

00:38:47.560 --> 00:38:52.000
Afternoon she said. I am looking for
that. Yes, that. Try all pockets.

00:38:52.440 --> 00:38:55.910
Handkerchief. Where did I?
Ah yes. Trousers. Purse.
Potato. Where did I? Hurry.

00:38:56.630 --> 00:38:58.350
Walk quietly. Quick. Moment. My heart.

00:38:58.350 --> 00:38:59.510
His hand looking for the.

00:38:59.511 --> 00:39:00.470
Where did I put.

00:39:00.710 --> 00:39:02.150
Found in his hip pocket soap lotion.

00:39:02.180 --> 00:39:06.070
Have to call tepid stuck.
Ah, soap there! Yes. Gate.

00:39:07.580 --> 00:39:08.413
Safe.

00:39:09.610 --> 00:39:11.950
Why doesn't he get angry? Why
doesn't he go home and stop it?

00:39:12.490 --> 00:39:16.980
And and he seems to know what's going
on the whole time, right? I mean,

00:39:16.981 --> 00:39:20.700
he knows what's going to happen. He's
staying away from the house. He doesn't,

00:39:20.701 --> 00:39:22.500
you know, Bloom doesn't
have an office he works at,

00:39:22.501 --> 00:39:26.760
he doesn't have anywhere he has to
be. He can work he works from home.

00:39:27.380 --> 00:39:29.160
He chooses to be out at that time.

00:39:29.340 --> 00:39:32.080
But I guess what I'm saying is I think
one of the things that happens in Ulysses

00:39:32.500 --> 00:39:37.110
is that the ability to identify with
characters..that Joyce starts to kind of

00:39:37.111 --> 00:39:38.550
undermine that and mess with it.

00:39:40.220 --> 00:39:43.790
Love loves to love love.
Nurse loves the new chemist.

00:39:43.791 --> 00:39:45.590
Constable 14A loves Mary Kelly.

00:39:46.070 --> 00:39:49.470
Gerty MacDowell loves the boy that has
the bicycle. M.B. loves a fair gentleman.

00:39:49.470 --> 00:39:53.190
Li Chi Han lovey up kissy Cha Pu Chow.
Jumbo, the elephant, loves Alice,

00:39:53.191 --> 00:39:54.550
the elephant. Old Mr.

00:39:54.550 --> 00:39:57.820
Verschoyle with the ear trumpet loves
old Mrs Verschoyle with the turnedin eye

00:39:59.060 --> 00:40:02.060
His Majesty the King loves Her
Majesty the Queen. Mrs. Norman W.

00:40:02.460 --> 00:40:05.500
Tupper loves Officer Taylor.
You love a certain person.

00:40:05.760 --> 00:40:10.580
And this person loves that other person
because everybody loves somebody but God

00:40:10.590 --> 00:40:11.620
loves everybody.

00:40:13.840 --> 00:40:16.220
Always looking out for him in Paris, Ezra

00:40:18.210 --> 00:40:20.930
convinced Joyce to come
to a literary soiree. When

00:40:24.371 --> 00:40:26.530
Joyce retreated from the hubbub,

00:40:27.250 --> 00:40:32.250
a prim American expatriate who owned
a bookshop on the left bank followed

00:40:32.251 --> 00:40:33.084
after him.

00:40:34.510 --> 00:40:38.120
"Is this the great James
Joyce?" Sylvia Beach asked. From

00:40:40.761 --> 00:40:42.080
the evening she met him,

00:40:42.100 --> 00:40:46.280
Sylvia Beach would dedicate the
better part of the coming decade

00:40:47.100 --> 00:40:51.960
to being James Joyce's literary
champion and caretaker.

00:40:55.000 --> 00:40:58.120
I met Joyce at the house of a poet
and I thought him a fascinating man.

00:41:01.490 --> 00:41:03.750
He was following this case in New York.

00:41:04.410 --> 00:41:08.430
And he came one day to show me this
Little Review. And he said, "you see,

00:41:08.431 --> 00:41:12.230
this is now being completely suppressed.
And my boook", as he pronounced it,

00:41:12.430 --> 00:41:17.110
"will never come out." So he sat
there with his head in his hand,

00:41:18.090 --> 00:41:20.740
and I said to him,

00:41:21.310 --> 00:41:25.260
"Would you like me to publish
Ulysses?" And he said, "I would".

00:41:27.140 --> 00:41:30.700
He was very, seemed very much
relieved in fact , why I don't know,

00:41:30.701 --> 00:41:34.840
because it wouldn't inspire confidence
in anyone who had such a book that he'd

00:41:34.841 --> 00:41:36.200
taken seven years to write,

00:41:36.880 --> 00:41:41.680
to give it into the hands of someone
so inexperienced and young and,

00:41:42.040 --> 00:41:44.960
uh, just a kind of a little bookshop,
not a publishing house at all.

00:41:46.380 --> 00:41:51.280
She committed to publish Ulysses under
her Shakespeare and Company imprint at

00:41:51.290 --> 00:41:54.150
great personal and financial risk.

00:41:57.160 --> 00:41:59.690
Okay we're in the pub, Davy Byrne's pub,

00:41:59.840 --> 00:42:02.050
Jerry's the stage manager
and Zuck takes the hat.

00:42:05.350 --> 00:42:08.130
Mr. Bloom cut the sandwich
into slender strips.

00:42:09.230 --> 00:42:11.050
Now I remember, Nosy Flynn said,

00:42:11.080 --> 00:42:13.450
putting his hand in his
pocket to scratch his groin...

00:42:13.910 --> 00:42:17.520
Who is this was telling me? Isn't
Blazes Boylan mixed up in it.

00:42:17.840 --> 00:42:22.000
A warm shock of air heat of mustard
hauched on Mr. Bloom's heart.

00:42:22.420 --> 00:42:26.720
He raised his eyes and met the
stare of the billious clock. Two.

00:42:27.540 --> 00:42:32.400
Pub clock five minutes fast.
Time going on. Hands moving.

00:42:33.360 --> 00:42:34.520
Two. Not yet.

00:42:36.340 --> 00:42:37.190
Blazes sees Molly at four.

00:42:41.270 --> 00:42:42.430
Uh, can we turn the lights up?

00:42:42.730 --> 00:42:43.563
That's what we're trying...

00:42:43.980 --> 00:42:45.350
They don't know where the lights are.

00:42:45.350 --> 00:42:45.963
What was that?

00:42:48.650 --> 00:42:49.483
Now we're having a computer...

00:42:49.910 --> 00:42:50.743
What is that?

00:42:52.690 --> 00:42:57.300
In 1921, seven years
after he began the novel,

00:42:57.830 --> 00:43:02.740
Joyce exuded the final chapters of
Ulysses in a frantic outpouring.

00:43:06.120 --> 00:43:09.260
He suffered mental and
physical breakdowns.

00:43:11.040 --> 00:43:15.700
The doctors applied leeches so their
blood sucking would decrease the

00:43:15.930 --> 00:43:18.530
excruciating pressure in Joyce's eyes.

00:43:24.330 --> 00:43:27.090
He worked on the text obsessively,

00:43:28.630 --> 00:43:29.730
he wouldn't give it up. Twice

00:43:31.900 --> 00:43:35.530
Sylvia Beach had to arrange
to have the book typeset,

00:43:37.380 --> 00:43:42.000
no easy feat since most typesetters
were shunning it as pornography.

00:43:43.060 --> 00:43:47.000
And then each time Joyce failed
to deliver the manuscript.

00:43:50.150 --> 00:43:50.820
Finally,

00:43:50.820 --> 00:43:55.600
Sylvia Beach notified him of the
day when she would send a man in a

00:43:55.620 --> 00:43:56.880
cab for the manuscript.

00:44:00.050 --> 00:44:02.150
And if he came back without the book,

00:44:02.650 --> 00:44:05.390
she would be forced to cancel publication.

00:44:11.800 --> 00:44:16.710
Joyce rode back to Shakespeare and Company
with the messenger making last minute

00:44:16.730 --> 00:44:20.580
changes. And it didn't stop there.

00:44:22.360 --> 00:44:26.740
He could not stop fussing
with the typesets and the page

00:44:27.120 --> 00:44:27.953
proofs.

00:44:29.480 --> 00:44:33.680
The printers began to warn
Beach that the costs for these

00:44:33.960 --> 00:44:37.000
unending revisions were
becoming prohibitive.

00:44:39.200 --> 00:44:41.040
He's just writing over and over again.

00:44:41.330 --> 00:44:45.160
Scratching things out and looking
for sound. Looking for rhythm,

00:44:45.350 --> 00:44:49.960
looking for like gaps. It
took a lot of hard work.

00:44:50.850 --> 00:44:53.910
There's something definitely Irish
about it. It's like hanging on,

00:44:54.060 --> 00:44:57.870
like gripping it with his teeth
saying "I'm not gonna let this go".

00:45:00.560 --> 00:45:04.870
Sun's heat it is. Seems to a
secret touch telling me memory.

00:45:05.980 --> 00:45:08.630
Touched his sense moistened remembered.

00:45:09.730 --> 00:45:12.020
Hidden under wild ferns on Howth.

00:45:13.020 --> 00:45:15.140
Pillowed on my coat she had her hair,

00:45:16.450 --> 00:45:21.380
earwigs and the heather scrub my hand
under her nape, you'll toss me all.

00:45:21.380 --> 00:45:24.500
Ravished over her I lay,

00:45:24.730 --> 00:45:28.980
full lips full open, kissed her mouth.

00:45:30.880 --> 00:45:31.713
Yum. Softly

00:45:33.550 --> 00:45:37.370
she gave me in my mouth the seedcake,
warm and chewed. Mawkish pulp

00:45:39.550 --> 00:45:44.090
her mouth had mumbled sweet
and sour with spittle. Joy.

00:45:45.850 --> 00:45:49.370
I ate it: joy. Young life,

00:45:49.440 --> 00:45:53.520
her lips that gave me
pouting. Soft, warm sticky

00:45:55.540 --> 00:46:00.240
gumjelly lips. Flowers her eyes
were, take me willing eyes.

00:46:00.870 --> 00:46:05.520
Pebbles fell. She lay
still. A goat. No-one.

00:46:07.030 --> 00:46:11.120
High on Ben Howth rhododendrons
a nannygoat walking surefooted,

00:46:11.440 --> 00:46:12.360
dropping currents.

00:46:14.150 --> 00:46:17.390
Screened under ferns
she laughed warmfolded.

00:46:19.330 --> 00:46:23.470
Wildly I lay on her, kissed
her; her eyes, her lips,

00:46:23.490 --> 00:46:28.310
her stretched neck beating woman's breasts

00:46:28.700 --> 00:46:33.540
full in her blouse of nuns
veiling. Fat nipples, bright.

00:46:34.760 --> 00:46:38.380
Hot I tongued her. She
kissed me. I was kissed.

00:46:39.360 --> 00:46:43.980
All yielding she tossed my
hair. Kissed, she kissed me.

00:46:44.720 --> 00:46:47.720
Me. And me now.

00:46:50.580 --> 00:46:54.910
Sylvia Beach decided she could
finance you Ulysses by selling

00:46:55.220 --> 00:46:59.470
subscriptions. People
wanted the forbidden fruit.

00:47:04.570 --> 00:47:09.550
She hoped she could put out a thousand
copies and subscriptions immediately

00:47:09.680 --> 00:47:10.710
began to come in.

00:47:28.230 --> 00:47:32.400
Joyce kept coming into Shakespeare
and Company to check the list of

00:47:32.590 --> 00:47:36.440
subscriptions, waiting for
certain names to appear.

00:47:39.540 --> 00:47:44.280
He got the first copy to come off the
press from Sylvia beach on the morning

00:47:44.340 --> 00:47:45.920
of his 40th birthday. Proudly

00:47:49.580 --> 00:47:51.910
he presented it to Nora.

00:47:53.610 --> 00:47:56.630
She was completely fed up with Ulysses.

00:47:57.530 --> 00:48:00.230
She offered to sell that copy immediately.

00:48:03.110 --> 00:48:04.710
Joyce said "I've been
so long out of Ireland,

00:48:04.740 --> 00:48:07.510
that I all at once hear
her voice in everything".

00:48:08.550 --> 00:48:13.420
I think Joyce left because he needed
to leave and he needed to write about

00:48:13.620 --> 00:48:18.500
Ireland desperately, desperately
wanted to. And forced to remember,

00:48:18.640 --> 00:48:22.940
not in a nostalgic way, but
in a profoundly engaged way.

00:48:24.940 --> 00:48:26.260
Do, uh, the citizen:

00:48:27.870 --> 00:48:32.050
Bloom was talking and talking with John
Weiss and he quite excited with his

00:48:32.250 --> 00:48:35.930
dunduckety mud colored mug in him
and his old plum eyes rolling about

00:48:36.280 --> 00:48:40.010
"persecution" says he, "all the
history of the world is full of it.

00:48:40.250 --> 00:48:42.930
Perpetuating national
hatred among nations.".

00:48:44.790 --> 00:48:47.850
Set upon by Irish bigots in a Dublin pub,

00:48:47.950 --> 00:48:52.160
the most beloved and
ambivalent Jew in modern

00:48:52.370 --> 00:48:57.040
literature rises to embrace
his heritage as Joyce gives

00:48:57.290 --> 00:48:59.200
Bloom his finest hour.

00:48:59.780 --> 00:49:01.280
All the history of the
world is full of it.

00:49:01.281 --> 00:49:03.840
Perpetuating national
hatred among nations.

00:49:04.040 --> 00:49:05.920
But do you know what a nation
really means, says John Wyse.

00:49:07.160 --> 00:49:07.761
Yes, says Bloom.

00:49:07.761 --> 00:49:08.800
What is it, says John Wyse.

00:49:09.240 --> 00:49:13.990
A nation, says Bloom, a nation is the
same people living in the same place.

00:49:14.330 --> 00:49:15.630
By God, then, says Ned, laughing,

00:49:16.090 --> 00:49:19.030
if that's so I'm a nation for I've been
living in the same place for the last

00:49:19.060 --> 00:49:23.990
five years. So of course,
everyone had a laugh at Bloom and says he,

00:49:23.991 --> 00:49:24.870
trying to muck out of it.

00:49:24.870 --> 00:49:26.590
Or also living in different places.

00:49:26.860 --> 00:49:28.510
That covers my case, says, Joe.

00:49:28.900 --> 00:49:32.180
What is your nation If I
may ask, says the citizen.

00:49:32.530 --> 00:49:35.100
Ireland, says Bloom, I
was born here. Ireland.

00:49:35.640 --> 00:49:39.340
The citizen said nothing but cleared
the spit out of his gullet and, gob,

00:49:40.250 --> 00:49:43.820
sent a Red Bank oyster right
out of him into the corner.

00:49:44.120 --> 00:49:48.980
And I belong to a race too ,says Bloom,
that is hated and persecuted. Also now.

00:49:49.541 --> 00:49:51.340
This very moment. This very instant.

00:49:51.970 --> 00:49:54.170
Gob, he near burnt his fingers
with the butt of his old cigar.

00:49:54.530 --> 00:49:57.570
Robbed, says he. Plundered.
Insulted. Persecuted.

00:49:58.210 --> 00:50:01.450
Taken what belongs to us by
right. At this very moment,

00:50:01.840 --> 00:50:03.130
says he putting up his fist,

00:50:03.131 --> 00:50:06.690
sold by auction off in Morocco
like slaves or cattles.

00:50:07.310 --> 00:50:10.970
Are you talking about the new
Jerusalem? said the citizen.

00:50:11.430 --> 00:50:13.880
I'm talking about injustice, says Bloom.

00:50:14.720 --> 00:50:17.960
Right. Says John Wyse. Stand up
to it then with force like a man.

00:50:18.420 --> 00:50:22.120
But it's no use, says he. Force,
hatred, history, all that.

00:50:22.300 --> 00:50:24.440
That's not life for men and women.

00:50:30.590 --> 00:50:31.423
What? Says Alf.

00:50:33.320 --> 00:50:36.560
Love, says Bloom. I mean
the opposite of hatred.

00:50:37.960 --> 00:50:39.680
I must go now, says he to John Wyse.

00:50:39.790 --> 00:50:42.360
Just round to the court a moment
to see if Martin is there.

00:50:42.380 --> 00:50:46.160
If he comes just say I'll be
back in a second. Just a moment.

00:50:46.720 --> 00:50:48.550
Who's hindering you? And off
he pops like greased lightning.

00:50:50.190 --> 00:50:55.190
A new apostle to the Gentiles,
says the citizen. Universal love.

00:50:55.710 --> 00:50:59.710
Well, says John Wise, isn't that
what we're told? Love your neighbors.

00:50:59.710 --> 00:51:03.830
That chap? says the citizen.
Beggar your neighbor is his motto.

00:51:11.360 --> 00:51:14.140
In their contempt for Bloom as a Jew,

00:51:14.240 --> 00:51:17.580
the Irish chauvinists assail his manhood.

00:51:19.080 --> 00:51:20.620
And after all, says John Wyse,

00:51:20.760 --> 00:51:23.620
why can't a Jew love his
country like the next fellow?

00:51:23.760 --> 00:51:27.260
Why not? says JJ, when he's
quite sure which country it is.

00:51:27.850 --> 00:51:32.730
Is he a Jew or a Gentile or a holy Roman
or a swaddler or what the hell is he?

00:51:32.730 --> 00:51:34.410
says Ned. Or who is he?

00:51:34.770 --> 00:51:36.450
You call that a man? says the Citizen.

00:51:37.090 --> 00:51:40.010
I wonder, did he ever put
it out of sight, says Joe.

00:51:40.010 --> 00:51:42.330
Well, there were two children
born, says Jack Power.

00:51:42.510 --> 00:51:45.930
And who does he suspect?
says the Citizen. Gob,

00:51:47.530 --> 00:51:52.160
there's many a true word spoken in jest.
One of those mixed middlings he is.

00:51:52.920 --> 00:51:56.600
It'd be an act of God to take hold of a
fellow like that and throw him into the

00:51:56.601 --> 00:52:00.240
bloody sea. Justifiable
homicide, so it would be.

00:52:03.770 --> 00:52:08.480
James Joyce was well
aware of the attack on the

00:52:08.860 --> 00:52:13.070
Jews which was being
perpetrated in Limerick

00:52:14.130 --> 00:52:18.750
in 1904. It led to physical assaults

00:52:20.970 --> 00:52:25.670
and it led to the immigration from

00:52:25.671 --> 00:52:30.020
Ireland of many of the
Jewish people in Limerick.

00:52:33.540 --> 00:52:38.260
A Redemptorist Catholic priest started
the crisis against the Jews with

00:52:38.360 --> 00:52:42.140
two sermons. He was Father John Creagh.

00:52:44.530 --> 00:52:48.580
"They came to our land to
fasten themselves like leeches,

00:52:49.000 --> 00:52:50.810
and to draw our blood.

00:52:51.870 --> 00:52:54.610
The Jews are a curse to
Limerick," he railed,

00:52:54.950 --> 00:52:57.530
"and if I have the means
of driving them out,

00:52:58.050 --> 00:53:01.250
I shall have accomplished
one good thing in my life.".

00:53:04.830 --> 00:53:05.850
And being aware of it,

00:53:05.851 --> 00:53:10.400
Joyce chose 1904 as the pivotal

00:53:10.910 --> 00:53:12.080
year for his work.

00:53:14.630 --> 00:53:19.000
There's a good bit of hatred
that's playing in there and Bloom's

00:53:19.960 --> 00:53:23.280
stand in favor of love, can you imagine?

00:53:25.600 --> 00:53:28.800
Championing love to these
guys in an Irish pub... how

00:53:30.920 --> 00:53:34.760
squishy can you get? And yet he
does it, he does it with confidence.

00:53:35.150 --> 00:53:38.320
He's got the facts working for him,

00:53:38.430 --> 00:53:42.280
he's goading and needling,
but he won't back down.

00:53:43.520 --> 00:53:47.750
Mendelssohn was a Jew and Karl
Marx and Mercadante and Spinoza.

00:53:47.930 --> 00:53:51.670
And the Saviour was a Jew and
his father was a Jew. Your God.

00:53:52.170 --> 00:53:55.790
He had no father says Martin.
That'll do now. Drive ahead.

00:53:56.350 --> 00:53:57.550
Who's God? says the citizen.

00:53:57.780 --> 00:54:02.310
Well, his uncle was a Jew,
says he. Your God was a Jew.

00:54:02.311 --> 00:54:03.750
Christ was a Jew like me.

00:54:04.010 --> 00:54:07.500
Gob, the Citizen made a plunge back
into the shop. By Jesus, says he,

00:54:07.500 --> 00:54:10.340
I'll brain that bloody jewman for
using the holy name. By Jesus,

00:54:10.340 --> 00:54:11.780
I'll crucify him so I will.

00:54:13.880 --> 00:54:17.780
George Bernard Shaw described
Ulysses as "foul-mouthed,

00:54:18.940 --> 00:54:23.340
foul-minded derision and
obscenity." But he said

00:54:23.610 --> 00:54:28.530
Joyce's novel was so true that
its coming to publication would

00:54:28.531 --> 00:54:33.530
be for Ireland like a cat
having its nose rubbed in its

00:54:33.550 --> 00:54:37.210
own filth. Shaw wrote to Sylvia Beach:

00:54:37.710 --> 00:54:42.610
"If you think that any Irishman
would pay 150 francs for

00:54:42.611 --> 00:54:46.240
such a book, you little
know my countrymen." And

00:54:47.940 --> 00:54:52.680
indeed it would be decades before
Ulysses ever came to the light of print

00:54:52.740 --> 00:54:52.961
in Ireland.

00:54:52.961 --> 00:54:53.794
Joyce

00:55:04.840 --> 00:55:06.990
feuded with almost every man he knew. It

00:55:11.231 --> 00:55:14.350
was always women who made
his achievements possible.

00:55:17.220 --> 00:55:21.310
Harriet Shaw Weaver was Joyce's
most lasting benefactor.

00:55:21.970 --> 00:55:26.830
She never refused him.
Despising her own wealth,

00:55:26.830 --> 00:55:28.820
she passed it on to the Joyces.

00:55:33.320 --> 00:55:37.700
The once poor Irish family had
become addicted now to haute

00:55:38.380 --> 00:55:39.213
couture shopping,

00:55:40.500 --> 00:55:43.660
throwing dinner parties
at chic restaurants.

00:55:46.040 --> 00:55:50.010
The Joyces spent everything
and mooched off everyone.

00:55:52.990 --> 00:55:53.930
Day after day,

00:55:53.931 --> 00:55:58.090
they dropped into Shakespeare and
Company to take money out of the till.

00:56:07.530 --> 00:56:10.440
Joyce even hit on Miss
Beach's mother for cash.

00:56:15.680 --> 00:56:19.960
Miss Weaver laid awake nights worrying
about Joyce's progressive blindness.

00:56:21.180 --> 00:56:25.960
She paid for at least a dozen of his
increasingly futile eye operations.

00:56:27.340 --> 00:56:31.120
And stoically though it
truly ate at her conscience,

00:56:32.400 --> 00:56:36.440
Miss Weaver kept her funds flowing
though she knew full well they were being

00:56:36.640 --> 00:56:40.800
siphoned off every night into
Joyce's excessive drinking.

00:56:46.170 --> 00:56:50.390
For years, Nora had been warning
Jim that if he didn't quit drinking,

00:56:50.640 --> 00:56:54.790
she'd leave him. Finally she did.

00:56:56.540 --> 00:56:59.360
She took Giorgio and Lucia
back to Ireland. Left

00:57:03.161 --> 00:57:06.310
alone in Paris, he broke down completely.

00:57:09.650 --> 00:57:12.870
He wrote her promising they'd
have a new and better life,

00:57:13.780 --> 00:57:18.630
begging her to read Ulysses and
asking wishfully if she was ever

00:57:18.631 --> 00:57:19.464
coming home. Nora

00:57:25.400 --> 00:57:26.540
did not respond.

00:57:32.570 --> 00:57:36.500
Then civil war broke out in Dublin
over Irish independence. His

00:57:38.301 --> 00:57:41.900
family and his novel were
both gravely threatened.

00:57:43.430 --> 00:57:44.420
Joyce couldn't cope.

00:57:46.160 --> 00:57:49.650
Nora was his mainstay and she was gone.

00:58:02.150 --> 00:58:07.000
Sylvia Beach got word that every
copy of the novel she had mailed

00:58:07.001 --> 00:58:11.320
to the United States had been
confiscated at the port of New York

00:58:12.260 --> 00:58:14.080
and dumped in New York Harbor.

00:58:17.370 --> 00:58:18.720
Beach got smart.

00:58:20.180 --> 00:58:24.480
She started taking jackets from big
old books she had around the shop

00:58:25.020 --> 00:58:27.270
and sending Ulysses out in them.

00:58:29.220 --> 00:58:32.190
Shakespeare's Complete
Works in One Volume,

00:58:34.190 --> 00:58:36.230
Merry Tales for Little Folks.

00:58:41.810 --> 00:58:42.610
In London,

00:58:42.610 --> 00:58:47.060
the conflict between Joyce's
patron and the defenders of public

00:58:47.300 --> 00:58:48.860
morality escalated.

00:58:57.120 --> 00:59:01.980
Anyone caught with a copy of the novel
risked being taken up on obscenity

00:59:02.090 --> 00:59:02.923
charges.

00:59:04.530 --> 00:59:09.530
Harriet Weaver issued an edition of
Ulysses under her Egoist Journals

00:59:09.560 --> 00:59:10.393
imprint.

00:59:15.870 --> 00:59:20.370
She soon found herself playing cat and
mouse games with England's anti-vice

00:59:21.220 --> 00:59:22.053
squads.

00:59:24.520 --> 00:59:29.080
A detective was assigned to keep her
offices under constant surveillance.

00:59:32.580 --> 00:59:37.520
She set up an underground network of
agents to smuggle and hide copies of

00:59:37.750 --> 00:59:38.583
Ulysses. Discreetly,

00:59:42.080 --> 00:59:47.030
she delivered the novel to bookshops
where the copies were quickly hidden

00:59:47.040 --> 00:59:48.190
under counters.

00:59:52.250 --> 00:59:53.083
Her uncle,

00:59:53.230 --> 00:59:57.630
a prominent bishop was incredulous
that Harriet was engaging in

00:59:57.790 --> 00:59:59.750
pornographic activities,

01:00:01.480 --> 01:00:06.260
all for a novel that was as evil
in the eyes of the censors as it

01:00:06.320 --> 01:00:08.540
was sacred to Harriet Weaver.

01:00:11.690 --> 01:00:14.750
My father, Bennett Cerf, felt the
banning of Ulysses was outrageous.

01:00:15.130 --> 01:00:19.430
And he very much wanted to publish it
because he thought it was a brilliant and

01:00:19.431 --> 01:00:23.540
important book. So my dad
went to see Joyce and,

01:00:24.130 --> 01:00:26.460
when he got to the Shakespeare
and Company where they met.

01:00:26.480 --> 01:00:30.140
I retreated a pace and Miss Beach,

01:00:30.300 --> 01:00:32.620
a very lovely gray-haired lady said, "Oh,

01:00:32.640 --> 01:00:34.860
Mr. Cerf don't think he
always looks this way.

01:00:35.320 --> 01:00:38.100
He was so excited about meeting
you that on his way here,

01:00:38.101 --> 01:00:41.900
he was run over by a taxi cab. But
he insisted on seeing you today,

01:00:42.300 --> 01:00:45.690
because he needs money and he thinks
maybe you're going to get some for him."

01:00:46.390 --> 01:00:50.610
And my dad's plan was, that he
would give Joyce an advance,

01:00:51.020 --> 01:00:51.853
which would,

01:00:52.190 --> 01:00:55.690
he would get to keep even if they didn't
win the rights to publish of about

01:00:55.691 --> 01:01:00.210
$1,500, which was doesn't sound
like much now, but in 1932,

01:01:00.280 --> 01:01:02.210
that was considerably
more money than it is now.

01:01:03.200 --> 01:01:06.120
And Joyce had made no money from America
at all because all the copies were

01:01:06.121 --> 01:01:10.960
contraband. So, you know, in this case,
it seemed like a good deal to him.

01:01:10.961 --> 01:01:15.640
And then he was to get a 15% royalty
if they did publish the book.

01:01:17.360 --> 01:01:21.760
Sylvia Beach held exclusive
worldwide rights to publish Ulysses,

01:01:22.260 --> 01:01:27.070
but she decided not to stand in his
way when Joyce was making his deal

01:01:27.100 --> 01:01:31.990
with Random House. "I
understood from the start",

01:01:32.090 --> 01:01:36.790
she wrote, "that the pleasure, and
infinite pleasure, was to be mine.

01:01:37.610 --> 01:01:39.950
The profits, Mr. Joyce's.".

01:01:42.930 --> 01:01:46.780
It wasn't the greatest thing
for Sylvia Beach's business so

01:01:47.760 --> 01:01:52.020
the fact that she helped my dad do it
is really kind of attribute to her,

01:01:52.140 --> 01:01:52.973
I think.

01:02:00.950 --> 01:02:03.410
As Bloom's day turns to night,

01:02:03.870 --> 01:02:08.760
the two characters Joyce built out
of his rival sides trudge along

01:02:08.820 --> 01:02:10.760
the gutters of Dublin's nighttown.

01:02:13.720 --> 01:02:16.960
Stephen Dedalus doesn't
give a damn about anyone,

01:02:17.140 --> 01:02:21.440
but Mr. Leopold Bloom
remains full of goodness and

01:02:21.610 --> 01:02:26.160
compassion, even after a
day of grieving, giving,

01:02:26.380 --> 01:02:27.240
and not getting.

01:02:29.730 --> 01:02:34.600
Bloom tries to motivate Stephen to
join the cause of human betterment,

01:02:34.740 --> 01:02:37.040
but Dedalus is a hopeless case.

01:02:39.050 --> 01:02:41.830
And I want to see everyone,
concluded he, all creeds and classes,

01:02:42.030 --> 01:02:47.030
pro rata having a comfortable
tidysized income in no niggard fashion

01:02:47.170 --> 01:02:50.190
either. Something in the
neighborhood of £300 per annum.

01:02:50.410 --> 01:02:54.350
That's the vital issue at stake and it's
feasible and it would be provocative of

01:02:54.351 --> 01:02:57.310
friendlier intercourse
between man and man.

01:02:57.610 --> 01:03:01.740
At least that's my idea for it's worth.
Where you can live well, the sense is,

01:03:01.760 --> 01:03:03.980
if you work.

01:03:04.290 --> 01:03:07.100
Over his untastable apology
for a cup of coffee,

01:03:07.130 --> 01:03:09.620
listening to this synopsis
of things in general,

01:03:10.460 --> 01:03:11.980
Stephen snared at nothing in particular.

01:03:12.440 --> 01:03:17.380
He looked up and saw the eyes that said
or didn't say the words the voice he

01:03:17.381 --> 01:03:20.410
heard said --if you work. Count

01:03:22.670 --> 01:03:26.290
me out, he managed to
remark, meaning to work.

01:03:33.570 --> 01:03:36.930
Geniuses, artists of the highest level,

01:03:37.480 --> 01:03:39.770
they're excused their bad behavior.

01:03:41.220 --> 01:03:43.960
And Joyce's attitude
towards his mother, she's

01:03:45.641 --> 01:03:49.160
been selling off her jewelry and her
possessions to send money to him in Paris,

01:03:49.160 --> 01:03:49.960
and meanwhile,

01:03:49.961 --> 01:03:54.880
there's still nine children
here in Dublin that she's

01:03:54.910 --> 01:03:59.160
raising, and she writes
to her son, saying,

01:04:01.110 --> 01:04:03.710
you know, "as you have so often said,

01:04:03.870 --> 01:04:07.550
I am stupid and cannot understand
the great thoughts that are yours."

01:04:08.690 --> 01:04:11.230
And you know, every time I
read it, I want to slap him. I

01:04:17.360 --> 01:04:19.750
don't think he was a decent
person. I don't think he

01:04:22.210 --> 01:04:27.150
had a huge amount of compassion in himself

01:04:28.140 --> 01:04:31.430
despite the incredible
compassion within Ulysses.

01:04:33.450 --> 01:04:37.670
Why then are you devoting your working
life to him? As you say, life is short.

01:04:39.180 --> 01:04:43.060
Because I can appreciate the
works, and I appreciate the text,

01:04:43.060 --> 01:04:44.420
and I think he's a fascinating character,

01:04:44.421 --> 01:04:47.940
like I think Joyce is
a fascinating person,

01:04:49.181 --> 01:04:50.340
doesn't mean I have to like him.

01:04:53.210 --> 01:04:57.080
Joyce had a lot of people
who would detract from him
who said that he was rude,

01:04:57.230 --> 01:05:00.760
he was crude, he was sponging off people,

01:05:00.760 --> 01:05:04.270
he would write nasty letters, he
did all these things. In the end,

01:05:04.700 --> 01:05:08.710
like I would say so what? I don't care.
It doesn't bother me whatsoever. I mean,

01:05:08.711 --> 01:05:10.030
Joyce wrote,

01:05:10.810 --> 01:05:14.390
he left me and you and

01:05:15.470 --> 01:05:18.120
millions of people with
this extraordinary gift. But

01:05:21.871 --> 01:05:25.830
there were difficult things that Joyce
had to deal with including Lucia.

01:05:26.820 --> 01:05:30.070
Lucia's life. I mean, it's
heartbreaking. It must have been so sad.

01:05:41.430 --> 01:05:46.220
Joyce cherished Lucia. He thought
her life was filled with promise,

01:05:47.320 --> 01:05:50.140
but anguish and derangement
took her from him.

01:05:53.950 --> 01:05:58.690
Joyce tried desperately to call his
beloved daughter out of her strange

01:05:58.950 --> 01:06:01.490
states of fright and melancholy.

01:06:03.380 --> 01:06:07.210
Lucia would have to spend much
of her adult life in mental

01:06:07.690 --> 01:06:08.523
institutions.

01:06:12.560 --> 01:06:16.010
Giorgio was also becoming
emotionally unstable,

01:06:17.130 --> 01:06:19.240
drinking excessively like his father.

01:06:21.460 --> 01:06:26.000
The Joyces' children had been
deeply damaged during the years Jim

01:06:26.130 --> 01:06:27.480
spent writing Ulysses.

01:06:30.440 --> 01:06:31.920
Whatever the fate of his novel,

01:06:32.010 --> 01:06:36.320
there could be little satisfaction
for Joyce when his family was so

01:06:36.620 --> 01:06:37.800
deeply troubled.

01:06:45.760 --> 01:06:50.230
Joyce couldn't live without Nora and
perhaps she couldn't live without him

01:06:50.250 --> 01:06:51.083
either.

01:06:54.050 --> 01:06:58.950
She returned from Ireland to Jim
in the apartment where he had paced

01:06:59.110 --> 01:07:02.740
alone and unkempt like a caged beast.

01:07:09.890 --> 01:07:10.780
Reuniting the Blooms,

01:07:10.960 --> 01:07:15.820
Joyce found himself able to
mock with tender irony his

01:07:15.880 --> 01:07:17.020
own insecurity.

01:07:18.840 --> 01:07:23.450
As he conjured images of Bloom
getting into the very bed where

01:07:23.500 --> 01:07:27.850
Molly had made love that
afternoon with Blazes Boylan,

01:07:28.890 --> 01:07:31.130
Joyce himself must have been smiling.

01:07:32.230 --> 01:07:34.170
His self analysis was ending.

01:07:37.240 --> 01:07:38.170
Bloom's acts?

01:07:38.830 --> 01:07:42.160
He deposited the articles
of clothing on a chair,

01:07:42.870 --> 01:07:45.480
removed his remaining
articles of clothing,

01:07:46.190 --> 01:07:49.920
took from beneath the bolster at
the head of the bed a folded, long,

01:07:49.921 --> 01:07:50.754
white nightshirt,

01:07:51.680 --> 01:07:55.160
inserted his head and arms into the
proper apertures of the nightshirt,

01:07:56.350 --> 01:07:58.840
removed a pillow from the
head to the foot of the bed,

01:08:00.000 --> 01:08:02.950
prepared the bed linen
accordingly and entered the bed.

01:08:05.310 --> 01:08:06.143
How?

01:08:06.550 --> 01:08:07.550
With circumspection,

01:08:10.260 --> 01:08:14.550
prudently as entering a lair
or ambush of lust or adders.

01:08:16.100 --> 01:08:17.760
Lightly the less to disturb, reverently

01:08:19.540 --> 01:08:21.960
the bed of conception and of birth,

01:08:22.580 --> 01:08:26.240
of consummation of marriage
and of breach of marriage,

01:08:27.020 --> 01:08:29.360
of sleep and of death.

01:08:30.100 --> 01:08:34.160
And what did his limbs, when
gradually extended, encounter?

01:08:35.530 --> 01:08:39.110
New clean bed linen, additional odors,

01:08:40.250 --> 01:08:44.230
the presence of a human
form, female, hers,

01:08:45.090 --> 01:08:49.270
the imprint of a human
form, male, not his,

01:08:51.180 --> 01:08:54.230
some crumbs, some flakes
of potted meat, recooked,

01:08:55.421 --> 01:08:56.500
which he removed.

01:08:58.200 --> 01:09:00.260
If he had smiled, why
would he have smiled?

01:09:01.480 --> 01:09:05.980
To reflect that each one who enters
imagines himself to be the first to enter

01:09:05.981 --> 01:09:06.814
whereas

01:09:08.021 --> 01:09:12.900
he's always the last term of a
proceeding series even if the first term

01:09:12.960 --> 01:09:17.610
of a succeeding one, each
imagining himself to be first,

01:09:17.880 --> 01:09:19.450
last, only and alone,

01:09:19.840 --> 01:09:24.650
whereas he is neither first
nor only nor alone in a

01:09:24.651 --> 01:09:27.930
series originating and
repeated to infinity.

01:09:28.760 --> 01:09:30.330
What proceeding series?

01:09:30.330 --> 01:09:30.804
Assuming

01:09:33.130 --> 01:09:37.560
Mulvey to be the first term
of his series, Penrose,

01:09:37.560 --> 01:09:40.880
Bartell d'Arcy Professor Goodwin,

01:09:41.260 --> 01:09:44.560
Julius Mastiansky, John Henry Menton,

01:09:45.420 --> 01:09:47.080
Father Bernard Corrigan,

01:09:49.000 --> 01:09:52.200
a farmer at the Royal
Dublin Society's Horse Show,

01:09:53.520 --> 01:09:58.470
Maggot O' Reilly, Matthew
Dillon, Valentine Blake
Dylan (Lord Mayor of Dublin)

01:09:59.140 --> 01:10:02.190
Christopher Callinan, Lenahan,

01:10:02.410 --> 01:10:07.310
an Italian organ grinder, an unknown
gentleman in the Gaity Theatre,

01:10:09.390 --> 01:10:13.030
Benjamin Dollard, Simon
Dedalus, Andrew(Pisser) Burke,

01:10:14.350 --> 01:10:18.380
Joseph Cuffe, Wisdom Healy, John Hooper,

01:10:19.020 --> 01:10:22.620
Dr. Francis Brady, Father
Sebastian of Mount Argus,

01:10:23.260 --> 01:10:25.540
a bootblack at the
General Post Office, Hugh

01:10:27.580 --> 01:10:32.500
E.(Blazes) Boylan and
so each and so on to no

01:10:32.530 --> 01:10:33.380
last term.

01:10:36.690 --> 01:10:39.020
My dad had heard that the great lawyer,

01:10:39.021 --> 01:10:42.980
Morris Ernst felt the banning if Ulysses
was outrageous and though he didn't

01:10:42.981 --> 01:10:44.900
know him, he just called
him up and said, we

01:10:46.990 --> 01:10:48.060
can't afford to pay you,

01:10:48.061 --> 01:10:51.780
but we'll give you a royalty on the
book if we win the rights to publish it.

01:11:00.500 --> 01:11:05.270
They had a copy smuggled in and
when the agent of Random House

01:11:05.330 --> 01:11:08.710
got to the dock, the guy said, "I
insist that you open my suitcase.

01:11:08.910 --> 01:11:13.320
I have a legal contraband in
there." And they had the idea to

01:11:13.840 --> 01:11:17.920
actually paste into the copy that they
smuggled in some of the critical reviews

01:11:18.070 --> 01:11:18.903
for

01:11:20.081 --> 01:11:23.840
the very reason that then they would be
part of the book and could be introduced

01:11:23.841 --> 01:11:27.040
as evidence. And they got away
with that, which was quite a coup.

01:11:28.320 --> 01:11:32.320
Morris Ernst made his most persuasive
argument about the value of Ulysses during

01:11:34.090 --> 01:11:38.230
his summation. " Judge", he said,

01:11:38.340 --> 01:11:41.830
"I've thought I was involved
only in the defense of this book,

01:11:42.380 --> 01:11:43.590
this one cause,

01:11:44.250 --> 01:11:48.910
but I must admit that at the same
time I was thinking of the gold ring

01:11:48.911 --> 01:11:50.270
around your tie,

01:11:50.970 --> 01:11:54.260
the picture of George
Washington behind your bench,

01:11:54.920 --> 01:11:59.580
and the fact that your black judicial
robe is slipping off your shoulder.

01:12:00.510 --> 01:12:05.340
These multiple streams of mind
are the contribution of Ulysses.".

01:12:11.560 --> 01:12:15.490
And obviously it became the case that
that helped make Random House an important

01:12:15.491 --> 01:12:17.450
company too. So it was a win, win, win.

01:12:41.500 --> 01:12:44.320
The freewheeling energy, the spirit,

01:12:45.960 --> 01:12:50.840
the ambition, the scope,
the humor, the bawdiness,

01:12:51.020 --> 01:12:55.790
the high reaching aspect
of Ulysses is there in

01:12:56.270 --> 01:13:01.070
a lot of literature that
followed and that is

01:13:01.250 --> 01:13:04.950
an influence that the greatest
supercomputer in the world couldn't chart.

01:13:17.880 --> 01:13:20.540
The story that my dad
loved to tell the most was

01:13:22.210 --> 01:13:27.140
that he got to know Joyce a
bit and his wife as well on his

01:13:27.141 --> 01:13:31.900
first trip to Paris and that
apparently Joyce got very

01:13:31.901 --> 01:13:36.770
drunk one night and he insisted on
playing Irish ballads for my father and

01:13:36.870 --> 01:13:40.690
Mrs. Joyce didn't want him to do it and
that they actually had a tug of war,

01:13:40.691 --> 01:13:43.050
the Joyces, over a piano bench,

01:13:43.650 --> 01:13:46.290
because she kept trying to pull it away
from the piano and he kept trying to

01:13:46.291 --> 01:13:49.730
pull it back and apparently at one
point she just let go and he fell down.

01:13:50.550 --> 01:13:53.770
And that was my dad's first
visit to their house, I think,

01:13:54.010 --> 01:13:55.890
and he never forgot this moment.

01:13:56.300 --> 01:13:59.200
And he says that as he was leaving,

01:13:59.660 --> 01:14:04.400
Mrs. Joyce shouted down the stairs to
him, "Someday, I'm going to write a book,

01:14:04.400 --> 01:14:07.560
Bennett, and it's going to be called
"My Twenty Five Years with A Genius,

01:14:08.380 --> 01:14:09.213
So-Called."".

01:14:13.060 --> 01:14:16.520
In a reverie that always transports me,

01:14:17.010 --> 01:14:21.960
Molly lies in bed ruminating
about her day, her life,

01:14:22.540 --> 01:14:23.600
her sexuality. Like

01:14:25.700 --> 01:14:28.160
the faithful wife she hasn't been,

01:14:28.740 --> 01:14:33.550
she returns in the end to thoughts
of that sunny day when she gave

01:14:33.700 --> 01:14:35.910
herself to her gentle Poldy.

01:14:39.210 --> 01:14:41.430
The sun shines for you he said the

01:14:44.471 --> 01:14:48.790
day we were lying among the rhododendrons
on Howth head in the grey tweed suit

01:14:50.180 --> 01:14:55.100
that day I got him to propose
to me he said I was a flower of

01:14:55.101 --> 01:14:55.934
the mountain yes

01:14:59.180 --> 01:15:02.880
so we are flowers all a woman's body yes

01:15:04.910 --> 01:15:07.240
that was one true thing
he said in his life and

01:15:08.980 --> 01:15:13.270
the sun shines for you today yes that

01:15:14.831 --> 01:15:19.710
was why I liked him because I
saw he understood or felt what a

01:15:19.711 --> 01:15:24.590
woman is and I knew I could
always get around him and I

01:15:24.591 --> 01:15:29.430
gave him all the pleasure I could leading
him on till he asked me to say yes and

01:15:29.431 --> 01:15:34.100
I wouldn't answer first only
looked out over the sea and the sky

01:15:36.060 --> 01:15:40.220
I was thinking of so many
things he didn't know of Mulvey

01:15:41.560 --> 01:15:45.780
and Mr. Stanhope and Hester and father

01:15:47.060 --> 01:15:52.020
and old captain Groves and o
that awful deep down torrent o

01:15:53.630 --> 01:15:58.210
and the sea the sea
crimson sometimes like fire

01:15:58.990 --> 01:16:02.370
and the glorious sunsets and the
figtrees in the Alameda gardens.

01:16:03.750 --> 01:16:08.410
Yes and all the queer little
streets and pink and blue

01:16:08.550 --> 01:16:13.250
and yellow houses and the rose gardens
and the jessamine and geraniumsand

01:16:13.250 --> 01:16:13.863
cactuses

01:16:15.160 --> 01:16:20.000
and Gibraltar as a girl where I was
a Flower of the mountain yes when

01:16:21.640 --> 01:16:25.480
I put the rose in my hair
like the Andalusian girls used

01:16:26.680 --> 01:16:27.680
or shall I wear a red yes and

01:16:30.041 --> 01:16:35.030
how he kissed me under the Moorish
wall and I thought well as well

01:16:35.031 --> 01:16:36.150
him as another and

01:16:37.871 --> 01:16:40.310
then I asked him with my
eyes to ask again yes and

01:16:42.151 --> 01:16:44.830
then he asked me would I yes to

01:16:46.410 --> 01:16:51.230
say yes my mountain flower and
first I put my arms around him yes

01:16:51.470 --> 01:16:56.380
and drew him down to me so he could
feel my breasts all perfume yes and

01:16:58.021 --> 01:17:01.860
his heart was going like
mad and yes I said yes

01:17:03.580 --> 01:17:06.900
I will Yes.

01:17:20.440 --> 01:17:25.440
Karl Jung described Molly's reverie
as a veritable string of peaches.

01:17:26.740 --> 01:17:27.840
He wrote to Joyce,

01:17:28.730 --> 01:17:33.630
"the devil's own grandmother may have
known that much about the psychology of

01:17:33.631 --> 01:17:35.790
women, but I didn't."

01:17:38.360 --> 01:17:41.950
Joyce rushed to show
Jung's testimonial to Nora.

01:17:43.010 --> 01:17:44.270
She was unimpressed.