00:00:01.162 --> 00:00:03.912
(dramatic music)

00:00:06.766 --> 00:00:09.516
(crowd chanting)

00:00:21.836 --> 00:00:24.253
(soft music)

00:00:29.263 --> 00:00:32.180
(foreign language)

00:00:51.487 --> 00:00:54.237
(crowd chanting)

00:00:55.087 --> 00:00:58.004
(foreign language)

00:01:00.746 --> 00:01:03.294
(crowd chanting)

00:01:03.294 --> 00:01:06.930
(foreign language)

00:01:06.930 --> 00:01:09.680
(crowd chanting)

00:01:11.501 --> 00:01:14.418
(foreign language)

00:01:16.729 --> 00:01:19.498
(camera shutter snapping)

00:01:19.498 --> 00:01:22.415
(foreign language)

00:01:28.210 --> 00:01:29.240
News Reporter: The Muslim Brotherhood,

00:01:29.240 --> 00:01:31.510
a group long banned here, which is by far

00:01:31.510 --> 00:01:34.070
the biggest underground organization in Egypt,

00:01:34.070 --> 00:01:35.723
says it joined the protests.

00:01:38.055 --> 00:01:40.972
(foreign language)

00:01:44.429 --> 00:01:47.190
(crowd chanting)

00:01:47.190 --> 00:01:49.380
Mubarak called in the army.

00:01:49.380 --> 00:01:51.880
But when armored vehicles rolled into Cairo,

00:01:51.880 --> 00:01:55.516
they seemed to take no action against the demonstrators.

00:01:55.516 --> 00:01:57.366
(shutter clicking)

00:01:57.366 --> 00:02:00.283
(foreign language)

00:02:03.228 --> 00:02:05.978
(crowd chanting)

00:02:08.358 --> 00:02:09.300
News Reporter: President Hosni Mubarak

00:02:09.300 --> 00:02:12.240
has decided to step down as president of Egypt,

00:02:12.240 --> 00:02:14.900
and he has decided that the armed forces

00:02:14.900 --> 00:02:17.042
will lead the nation.

00:02:17.042 --> 00:02:19.792
(crowd cheering)

00:02:25.793 --> 00:02:28.710
(foreign language)

00:02:46.882 --> 00:02:49.465
(somber music)

00:03:33.279 --> 00:03:36.196
(foreign language)

00:03:41.668 --> 00:03:44.530
(crowd chanting)

00:03:44.530 --> 00:03:47.447
(foreign language)

00:03:59.024 --> 00:04:01.274
(drumming)

00:04:05.115 --> 00:04:08.032
(foreign language)

00:04:18.717 --> 00:04:21.300
(somber music)

00:04:41.188 --> 00:04:43.938
(crowd chanting)

00:04:58.576 --> 00:05:01.493
(foreign language)

00:05:29.065 --> 00:05:31.982
(distraught music)

00:05:34.330 --> 00:05:37.080
(sirens blaring)

00:05:46.581 --> 00:05:49.498
(foreign language)

00:05:57.117 --> 00:05:59.377
Journalist: "They insulted us, and beat us," she said,

00:05:59.377 --> 00:06:01.937
"then shocked us with electric prods.

00:06:01.937 --> 00:06:03.737
"They ordered us to undress completely,

00:06:03.737 --> 00:06:05.910
"and split us into two groups."

00:06:05.910 --> 00:06:07.780
She was forced to lie on a table

00:06:07.780 --> 00:06:09.783
and undergo a virginity test.

00:06:11.190 --> 00:06:14.050
She told us that the military called her a prostitute,

00:06:14.050 --> 00:06:16.830
and says the test is meant to humiliate women

00:06:16.830 --> 00:06:19.073
and scare them away from protesting.

00:06:20.090 --> 00:06:21.960
News Reporter: Egypt's generals admitted

00:06:21.960 --> 00:06:24.300
that the tests had taken place.

00:06:24.300 --> 00:06:27.090
One general told them that the tests were carried out

00:06:27.090 --> 00:06:31.190
to help defend the army against potential claims of rape.

00:06:32.486 --> 00:06:35.069
(somber music)

00:06:43.829 --> 00:06:46.746
(foreign language)

00:07:21.377 --> 00:07:24.210
(emotional music)

00:08:06.233 --> 00:08:07.710
News Reporter: Protesters are demanding

00:08:07.710 --> 00:08:10.950
an end to military rule and the handover of power

00:08:10.950 --> 00:08:12.723
to a civilian government.

00:08:13.660 --> 00:08:15.210
News Reporter: Any hope Egypt's military

00:08:15.210 --> 00:08:18.060
would hand over power ahead of its own schedule

00:08:18.060 --> 00:08:20.150
were dashed in the second day of violence

00:08:20.150 --> 00:08:23.470
that has left at least nine dead and hundreds wounded.

00:08:25.294 --> 00:08:28.211
(foreign language)

00:08:33.833 --> 00:08:36.166
(commotion)

00:08:43.332 --> 00:08:47.505
(shouting in a foreign language)

00:08:47.505 --> 00:08:50.422
(foreign language)

00:11:30.980 --> 00:11:32.090
News Reporter: 14 people have been killed,

00:11:32.090 --> 00:11:35.140
hundreds injured over the last three days of clashes.

00:11:35.140 --> 00:11:38.220
A video uploaded yesterday on YouTube and circulated widely

00:11:38.220 --> 00:11:41.430
provoked outrage at the extent of police brutality.

00:11:41.430 --> 00:11:42.940
News Reporter: What happened sent Egyptian women

00:11:42.940 --> 00:11:45.120
into the streets, with a protest that had been called

00:11:45.120 --> 00:11:47.350
perhaps the most significant of its kind

00:11:47.350 --> 00:11:49.703
in its country in nearly 100 years.

00:11:52.329 --> 00:11:55.079
(crowd chanting)

00:12:04.585 --> 00:12:07.502
(foreign language)

00:12:20.700 --> 00:12:24.140
-: Everyone was carrying the posters of a cartoon

00:12:24.140 --> 00:12:27.190
of an Egyptian woman, and and a hand

00:12:27.190 --> 00:12:30.280
of a military conscript, and you could see the uniform.

00:12:30.280 --> 00:12:31.440
And it says (foreign language)

00:12:31.440 --> 00:12:33.307
which means, "I'll cut off your hand."

00:12:34.290 --> 00:12:35.330
It was so powerful.

00:12:35.330 --> 00:12:37.680
Women marching, just saying (foreign language),

00:12:39.927 --> 00:12:41.862
"The daughter of Egypt will never be stripped."

00:12:41.862 --> 00:12:44.612
(crowd chanting)

00:12:51.851 --> 00:12:54.768
(foreign language)

00:13:06.860 --> 00:13:09.610
(crowd chanting)

00:13:18.056 --> 00:13:20.889
(troubling music)

00:13:36.332 --> 00:13:39.249
(foreign language)

00:17:31.001 --> 00:17:33.834
(troubling music)

00:18:01.860 --> 00:18:03.890
-: It was definitely something new for Egypt,

00:18:03.890 --> 00:18:08.223
to have two candidates competing, really competing.

00:18:10.460 --> 00:18:15.360
But having to choose between an Islamist

00:18:15.360 --> 00:18:20.110
or one of Mubarak's best friends, it's unfair.

00:18:20.110 --> 00:18:21.740
It's unfair for what people have been

00:18:21.740 --> 00:18:24.263
dreaming about and fighting for.

00:18:30.880 --> 00:18:34.720
I knew that, if Morsi was to become the president of Egypt,

00:18:34.720 --> 00:18:37.259
it would be a huge challenge.

00:18:37.259 --> 00:18:40.840
The Brotherhood would be using a religious narrative

00:18:40.840 --> 00:18:43.543
when it comes to minimizing the age of marriage,

00:18:44.470 --> 00:18:48.490
sexual harassment, the participation of women in politics.

00:18:48.490 --> 00:18:50.083
This is what I feared the most.

00:18:54.150 --> 00:18:55.840
News Reporter: Mohamed Morsi has been sworn in

00:18:55.840 --> 00:18:59.403
as Egypt's first democratically elected civilian president.

00:19:04.870 --> 00:19:07.620
(crowd chanting)

00:19:08.740 --> 00:19:10.130
News Reporter: Many people remain concerned

00:19:10.130 --> 00:19:11.950
the Muslim Brotherhood-backed candidate

00:19:11.950 --> 00:19:15.033
will take Egypt down a road of more strict Islamism.

00:19:25.000 --> 00:19:26.760
News Reporter: It's unclear how much power

00:19:26.760 --> 00:19:28.940
the new president will have.

00:19:28.940 --> 00:19:32.460
The Military Council gave itself sweeping new powers

00:19:32.460 --> 00:19:35.387
and curtailed those of the president.

00:19:35.387 --> 00:19:38.220
(troubling music)

00:20:25.248 --> 00:20:28.165
(foreign language)

00:21:17.175 --> 00:21:20.092
(chanting prayers)

00:21:29.691 --> 00:21:32.608
(foreign language)

00:22:20.620 --> 00:22:24.870
(conversing in a foreign language)

00:22:29.534 --> 00:22:32.451
(foreign language)

00:24:26.002 --> 00:24:28.835
(emotional music)

00:24:40.979 --> 00:24:43.896
(foreign language)

00:25:29.680 --> 00:25:32.280
-: After Morsi came to power, there was a series

00:25:32.280 --> 00:25:36.083
of violations against freedom of expression.

00:25:37.060 --> 00:25:39.280
There were still people in prison, there were still

00:25:39.280 --> 00:25:41.530
civilians being tried before military courts.

00:25:42.760 --> 00:25:44.640
People were accused of blasphemy

00:25:45.550 --> 00:25:47.550
and many of them were Christians.

00:25:47.550 --> 00:25:51.293
So, it was frightening when Morsi came to power.

00:25:52.881 --> 00:25:55.798
(foreign language)

00:26:29.032 --> 00:26:33.115
(shouting in a foreign language)

00:26:49.563 --> 00:26:53.730
(reporting in a foreign language)

00:27:19.960 --> 00:27:22.910
-: We thought, in 2011, that we'd be going forward.

00:27:22.910 --> 00:27:24.333
We were going backwards.

00:27:25.330 --> 00:27:26.783
We've been going backwards.

00:27:28.154 --> 00:27:30.904
(crowd chanting)

00:27:34.979 --> 00:27:35.812
I joined the protest against Mohamed Morsi,

00:27:38.060 --> 00:27:41.923
but with big gatherings come big problems.

00:27:45.370 --> 00:27:49.543
In the midst of all the protests, many women got assaulted.

00:27:50.900 --> 00:27:54.133
I was touched and groped by many men.

00:27:55.860 --> 00:27:58.720
Sexual harassment and sexual violence

00:27:58.720 --> 00:28:03.133
has been super evident since the virginity tests.

00:28:05.010 --> 00:28:09.540
I mean, rape and mob assaults,

00:28:09.540 --> 00:28:11.680
they were taking place all the time.

00:28:11.680 --> 00:28:13.000
But who did anything?

00:28:13.000 --> 00:28:14.180
No one.

00:28:14.180 --> 00:28:16.143
It was just us protecting ourselves.

00:28:18.150 --> 00:28:21.240
So, we decided, as a group of friends,

00:28:21.240 --> 00:28:25.460
to form some sort of an intervention team.

00:28:25.460 --> 00:28:27.860
It started off as Operation Anti-Sexual Harassment,

00:28:27.860 --> 00:28:30.240
and then, later on, when we realized

00:28:30.240 --> 00:28:33.880
that we should not sugarcoat the level of the crime,

00:28:33.880 --> 00:28:35.763
we added slash assault.

00:28:37.860 --> 00:28:40.780
We walk around in Tahrir, and whenever we see cases

00:28:40.780 --> 00:28:43.480
of sexual harassment, we try to do something about it.

00:28:44.674 --> 00:28:47.074
(crowd chanting)

00:28:47.074 --> 00:28:49.347
On the 25th of January 2013,

00:28:54.240 --> 00:28:57.670
we documented 19 cases

00:28:57.670 --> 00:29:01.760
of mob sexual assault and rape.

00:29:02.920 --> 00:29:06.213
At least one of them was raped with a with a knife.

00:29:07.580 --> 00:29:09.953
It was extremely brutal and bloody.

00:29:11.104 --> 00:29:13.437
(commotion)

00:29:16.800 --> 00:29:19.717
(foreign language)

00:30:36.712 --> 00:30:39.295
Morsi's government did nothing.

00:30:40.940 --> 00:30:43.280
No one from the Armed Forces investigated

00:30:43.280 --> 00:30:45.980
the sexual violence that took place during their rule.

00:30:47.170 --> 00:30:49.990
Instead, whoever was in authority watched this happen,

00:30:49.990 --> 00:30:52.113
and they were blaming each other.

00:30:53.460 --> 00:30:56.350
Neither of them have done anything to protect women,

00:30:56.350 --> 00:30:59.800
and women's bodies became just a battlefield,

00:30:59.800 --> 00:31:01.453
a political battlefield.

00:31:03.209 --> 00:31:08.209
(crowd shouting)
(woman screaming)

00:31:28.155 --> 00:31:30.405
(drumming)

00:31:44.446 --> 00:31:48.130
News Reporter: A year ago, Morsi won 51% of the vote.

00:31:48.130 --> 00:31:51.340
Now it's claimed that 22 million signatures

00:31:51.340 --> 00:31:52.890
have been gathered against him.

00:31:54.797 --> 00:31:58.460
"Leave! Leave!" they shout, deriding him as autocratic

00:31:58.460 --> 00:32:02.250
and incompetent, as poverty, unemployment, inflation,

00:32:02.250 --> 00:32:05.120
and debt all continue to worsen.

00:32:05.120 --> 00:32:06.330
News Reporter: The President's supporters

00:32:06.330 --> 00:32:08.683
insist he must stay in power.

00:32:09.590 --> 00:32:12.410
Brotherhood spokesman warns the group's supporters

00:32:12.410 --> 00:32:15.500
will not turn the other cheek, and the two camps

00:32:15.500 --> 00:32:18.923
seem headed inexorably to a violent clash.

00:32:23.214 --> 00:32:26.131
(foreign language)

00:32:44.540 --> 00:32:45.800
News Reporter: Millions of people

00:32:45.800 --> 00:32:47.300
once again taking to the streets.

00:32:47.300 --> 00:32:49.490
News Reporter: Huge, huge crowds in Tahrir Square.

00:32:49.490 --> 00:32:51.210
News Reporter: The military has given the President

00:32:51.210 --> 00:32:52.720
a major ultimatum.

00:32:52.720 --> 00:32:53.553
News Reporter: Egypt's army announces

00:32:53.553 --> 00:32:56.060
it will intervene within 48 hours.

00:32:56.060 --> 00:32:58.259
News Reporter: The clock is ticking.

00:32:58.259 --> 00:33:01.176
(foreign language)

00:33:26.672 --> 00:33:29.505
(troubling music)

00:33:39.220 --> 00:33:41.230
Translator: The chief of the constitutional court

00:33:41.230 --> 00:33:42.580
will assume the presidency.

00:33:43.470 --> 00:33:44.930
News Reporter: You just heard the leader

00:33:44.930 --> 00:33:48.760
of the Egyptian military, General Al-Sisi, make it official.

00:33:48.760 --> 00:33:52.699
The Egyptian president Mohamed Morsi is out.

00:33:52.699 --> 00:33:55.968
(crowd cheering)

00:33:55.968 --> 00:33:57.385
foreign language)

00:34:15.087 --> 00:34:17.837
(crowd chanting)

00:34:20.916 --> 00:34:23.833
(foreign language)

00:34:57.874 --> 00:35:00.791
(chanting prayers)

00:35:17.996 --> 00:35:19.270
News Reporter: Authorities are increasingly

00:35:19.270 --> 00:35:23.060
using the word 'terrorism' when describing supporters

00:35:23.060 --> 00:35:25.418
of the ousted president, Mohamed Morsi,

00:35:25.418 --> 00:35:26.782
and the Muslim Brotherhood.

00:35:26.782 --> 00:35:29.532
(crowd chanting)

00:35:43.402 --> 00:35:46.478
(crowd shouting)

00:35:46.478 --> 00:35:48.260
News Reporter: That was an armored police vehicle

00:35:48.260 --> 00:35:49.800
you just saw thudding to ground,

00:35:49.800 --> 00:35:52.130
reportedly pushed off a bridge

00:35:52.130 --> 00:35:54.830
by supporters of Morsi's party, the Muslim Brotherhood.

00:35:54.830 --> 00:35:58.180
They are clashing with forces of the interim government,

00:35:58.180 --> 00:36:00.523
who have opened fire in the streets.

00:36:02.540 --> 00:36:03.810
News Reporter: The Muslim Brotherhood say

00:36:03.810 --> 00:36:06.540
scores of protesters are dead.

00:36:06.540 --> 00:36:09.558
They claim police were shooting to kill.

00:36:09.558 --> 00:36:12.475
(foreign language)

00:36:23.041 --> 00:36:25.874
(troubling music)

00:36:31.420 --> 00:36:34.337
(foreign language)

00:37:31.144 --> 00:37:33.394
(shouting)

00:37:58.795 --> 00:38:01.212
(gun firing)

00:38:02.751 --> 00:38:05.501
(loud commotion)

00:38:13.399 --> 00:38:16.149
(dramatic music)

00:38:30.619 --> 00:38:33.536
(foreign language)

00:40:45.945 --> 00:40:48.778
(emotional music)

00:41:12.558 --> 00:41:16.640
-: We survived Mubarak's rule, SCAF's rule,

00:41:16.640 --> 00:41:18.760
Morsi's government, and now back

00:41:18.760 --> 00:41:21.023
to an interim government backed by the army.

00:41:22.110 --> 00:41:25.763
And the same activists are being tried and arrested.

00:41:29.148 --> 00:41:32.065
(foreign language)

00:43:28.660 --> 00:43:31.493
(emotional music)

00:43:46.197 --> 00:43:49.114
(foreign language)

00:44:50.626 --> 00:44:53.459
(emotional music)

00:45:33.530 --> 00:45:36.447
(foreign language)

00:46:57.343 --> 00:47:00.010
(anxious music)

00:47:18.199 --> 00:47:20.949
(crowd chanting)

00:47:33.791 --> 00:47:35.958
(gunfire)

00:47:40.445 --> 00:47:41.350
News Reporter: A people who united

00:47:41.350 --> 00:47:43.330
to depose a president three years ago

00:47:43.330 --> 00:47:45.483
could now not be more divided.

00:47:48.290 --> 00:47:49.980
On the one side, those who believe

00:47:49.980 --> 00:47:52.120
the military-backed interim government

00:47:52.120 --> 00:47:53.743
has saved the revolution.

00:47:55.510 --> 00:47:57.090
On the other, those who maintain

00:47:57.090 --> 00:48:00.333
their hopes of democracy are now being shattered.

00:48:02.968 --> 00:48:05.885
(foreign language)

00:48:14.770 --> 00:48:17.540
Those protesting the military-backed takeover

00:48:17.540 --> 00:48:20.230
were forcibly dispersed by the police,

00:48:20.230 --> 00:48:23.690
armed with new laws forbidding unauthorized protest,

00:48:23.690 --> 00:48:25.330
as well as with tear gas.

00:48:25.330 --> 00:48:28.247
(foreign language)

00:48:45.345 --> 00:48:47.428
(crying)

00:48:52.600 --> 00:48:54.017
foreign language)

00:48:56.005 --> 00:48:58.838
(emotional music)

00:49:03.265 --> 00:49:06.265
(car horns honking)

00:49:11.204 --> 00:49:14.121
(foreign language)

00:51:13.045 --> 00:51:16.045
(car horns honking)

00:51:25.450 --> 00:51:28.283
(emotional music)

00:51:30.730 --> 00:51:32.210
-: It's not hard to remember

00:51:32.210 --> 00:51:34.460
what I wanted during the revolution,

00:51:34.460 --> 00:51:37.290
because what I wanted then is what I want now: freedom.

00:51:37.290 --> 00:51:38.893
Who doesn't want freedom?

00:51:41.400 --> 00:51:44.717
The demands that were chanted sums it all up:

00:51:44.717 --> 00:51:47.630
"Bread, freedom, and social justice,"

00:51:47.630 --> 00:51:50.683
including fighting for women's rights specifically.

00:51:52.290 --> 00:51:55.310
Of course, I am not as positive as I was once,

00:51:55.310 --> 00:51:59.920
but no matter who you are, what uniform you're wearing,

00:51:59.920 --> 00:52:02.460
what you're not wearing, we're gonna fight.

00:52:02.460 --> 00:52:05.110
We have rights, and it doesn't matter who's in power.

00:52:05.110 --> 00:52:06.123
And ...

00:52:07.110 --> 00:52:11.550
we really made a point in the past years.

00:52:11.550 --> 00:52:14.380
Hey, we're here. (chuckles)

00:52:16.019 --> 00:52:17.607
And we had baby victories.

00:52:19.520 --> 00:52:22.103
(lively music)

00:52:36.753 --> 00:52:39.670
(foreign language)

00:53:35.890 --> 00:53:38.723
(emotional music)

00:57:56.160 --> 00:57:58.993
(emotional music)