00:00:13.280 --> 00:00:14.920
Where is it?
-It's not in the right place?

00:00:15.000 --> 00:00:17.720
No, it is.
-But...

00:00:17.800 --> 00:00:19.480
But...
-Yes.

00:00:19.560 --> 00:00:23.040
I'll try something, sorry.
-Do what you have to, it's fine.

00:00:24.800 --> 00:00:27.600
If you were a man
apologizing so many times, I'd get it,

00:00:27.680 --> 00:00:31.400
but it's fine.

00:00:32.920 --> 00:00:33.920
Are you rolling?

00:00:34.000 --> 00:00:35.600
Limor Livnat, good luck.

00:00:35.680 --> 00:00:39.360
When I came for the first time

00:00:39.680 --> 00:00:41.760
to one of the branches in Tel Aviv

00:00:41.840 --> 00:00:43.360
to talk to the members,

00:00:43.440 --> 00:00:47.080
the late Motke Tzipori was with me.

00:00:47.160 --> 00:00:48.440
He spoke,

00:00:48.520 --> 00:00:52.120
and his voice thundered out through the branch.

00:00:52.680 --> 00:00:55.320
He talked about security matters and so forth,

00:00:55.400 --> 00:00:58.320
then I got up to speak

00:00:58.920 --> 00:01:02.000
and I said:
"Hello, good evening,

00:01:02.080 --> 00:01:03.920
"I'm Limor Livnat and I..."

00:01:04.000 --> 00:01:08.920
and I realized that my voice
couldn't reach the end of the room.

00:01:09.000 --> 00:01:12.720
Compared to his thundering voice,

00:01:13.080 --> 00:01:16.000
mine sounded very small.

00:01:17.040 --> 00:01:19.520
And I also noticed
that they weren't listening to me.

00:01:20.400 --> 00:01:22.920
Some because they couldn't hear me,

00:01:23.120 --> 00:01:29.600
and others because
they were scrutinizing me from head to toe.

00:01:30.160 --> 00:01:32.800
When I got home, I said to myself,
"I've got to do something about it."

00:01:32.880 --> 00:01:35.120
I took off all of my rings but one.

00:01:35.840 --> 00:01:38.000
I left my wedding ring on.

00:01:38.240 --> 00:01:41.000
So they would see that I was just
a run of the mill person,

00:01:41.080 --> 00:01:44.080
I wasn't looking for adventure,

00:01:44.440 --> 00:01:45.840
I'm married.

00:01:46.080 --> 00:01:51.000
I also practiced speaking in a lower voice,

00:01:51.560 --> 00:01:54.080
I practiced saying "good evening",

00:01:54.440 --> 00:01:57.760
I worked on the volume of my voice,

00:01:57.840 --> 00:01:59.480
instead of  just saying, "good evening."

00:02:00.520 --> 00:02:01.680
It takes practice.

00:02:08.760 --> 00:02:11.280
As I come to present the next government

00:02:11.640 --> 00:02:12.720
to the house.

00:02:13.760 --> 00:02:18.000
Women in the State of Israel
are not equal to men in the State of Israel

00:02:18.160 --> 00:02:19.080
in any regard.

00:02:22.080 --> 00:02:25.440
There are too many generals,
those who act like generals,

00:02:25.480 --> 00:02:28.120
and too few women.

00:02:28.160 --> 00:02:33.760
Healthy women
are the guarantee for a healthy society.

00:02:52.840 --> 00:02:56.480
Mr. Speaker, thank you.
Esteemed Knesset,

00:02:56.920 --> 00:02:59.800
I am making my debut speech
in the Knesset

00:03:00.240 --> 00:03:02.360
with a sense of awe,

00:03:02.440 --> 00:03:06.240
a sense of calling,
with an understanding of the responsibility

00:03:06.320 --> 00:03:08.080
and with a personal sense of excitement.

00:03:08.160 --> 00:03:11.400
Without a doubt,
as I stand here before you today

00:03:11.480 --> 00:03:15.160
at the podium of the 19th Knesset,

00:03:15.240 --> 00:03:17.320
it is one of the most exciting days of my life.

00:03:17.400 --> 00:03:19.800
Many meaningful moments of my life

00:03:19.880 --> 00:03:21.640
surface and overwhelm me

00:03:21.760 --> 00:03:23.320
as I stand here for the first time

00:03:23.400 --> 00:03:25.360
at the podium in the Israeli Knesset.

00:03:25.440 --> 00:03:27.160
This is the first time

00:03:27.240 --> 00:03:30.720
in which my hometown is represented here,

00:03:30.800 --> 00:03:32.440
the city of Kiryat Shmona.

00:03:32.640 --> 00:03:36.000
I know that I stand here
as a messenger of many people

00:03:36.080 --> 00:03:39.280
for whom Zionism is a value and cause.

00:03:39.360 --> 00:03:44.480
It's a great privilege to be the youngest
to stand at this distinguished podium.

00:03:44.880 --> 00:03:49.360
Many of my predecessors
do not believe that my generation

00:03:49.440 --> 00:03:51.960
has the necessary experience to stand here.

00:03:52.040 --> 00:03:53.920
The fact that I stand here,

00:03:54.000 --> 00:03:55.240
at this podium

00:03:55.320 --> 00:03:56.960
should serve as proof to many activists

00:03:57.040 --> 00:04:00.040
that anyone who wants to make
an impact from within

00:04:00.160 --> 00:04:01.520
can do so.

00:04:01.640 --> 00:04:04.440
It's a tremendous honor
to be a small link

00:04:04.520 --> 00:04:06.080
in an illustrious chain of women

00:04:06.160 --> 00:04:07.720
in Israeli public life.

00:04:07.840 --> 00:04:11.320
A dark-skinned Jewish woman

00:04:11.400 --> 00:04:14.720
whose personality was formed
within these gender definitions.

00:04:14.920 --> 00:04:16.800
A Palestinian Arab woman,

00:04:16.880 --> 00:04:18.920
citizen of the State of Israel,

00:04:19.000 --> 00:04:21.040
a woman, a mother.

00:04:59.480 --> 00:05:04.240
I can say that my trajectory in life,

00:05:04.800 --> 00:05:06.000
if we define it as such,

00:05:06.080 --> 00:05:10.120
began from the bottom
of the Israeli social ladder.

00:05:10.200 --> 00:05:13.520
MK Pnina Tamano.
-Thank you.

00:05:13.600 --> 00:05:15.320
Good luck.
-Thank you.

00:05:15.400 --> 00:05:16.880
Pnina Tamano.

00:05:16.960 --> 00:05:18.240
I pledge myself.

00:05:19.120 --> 00:05:24.680
I encountered injustices,
obstacles, bureaucracy,

00:05:25.440 --> 00:05:28.080
steel walls, not only glass ceilings,

00:05:28.160 --> 00:05:33.520
and that honed the significant need

00:05:33.600 --> 00:05:35.080
to effect change,

00:05:35.160 --> 00:05:38.000
because I felt that it's a struggle
for who I am,

00:05:38.080 --> 00:05:40.320
for my existence in Israeli society.

00:05:40.400 --> 00:05:43.120
Tzipi Livni, an attorney,

00:05:43.200 --> 00:05:45.640
running for the Likud on the national list.

00:05:45.720 --> 00:05:48.200
I was hesitant, I must say.

00:05:48.280 --> 00:05:50.120
I discussed it with my husband

00:05:50.200 --> 00:05:54.560
and I looked at my two sons,
then 5 and 8,

00:05:55.080 --> 00:05:56.400
and asked myself
what I was going to leave them.

00:05:56.480 --> 00:05:58.400
I was an attorney, I had a law firm.

00:05:58.480 --> 00:06:01.800
I said, okay,
I can leave a bank account,

00:06:01.880 --> 00:06:04.320
but that's not enough.
What kind of country am I leaving them?

00:06:04.400 --> 00:06:07.240
And at a certain point I said,

00:06:07.320 --> 00:06:09.600
"Okay, I'll try,

00:06:09.680 --> 00:06:16.600
"If worst comes to worst
I'll leave after 4 years, one term,

00:06:16.680 --> 00:06:20.360
and Naftali said to me,
"I know you, my wife,

00:06:20.440 --> 00:06:22.400
"You won't leave
until you're Prime Minister,"

00:06:22.760 --> 00:06:24.680
but that wasn't the plan.

00:06:26.880 --> 00:06:29.080
I can tell you about a specific moment

00:06:29.160 --> 00:06:31.920
when I decided to become a politician.

00:06:32.280 --> 00:06:35.120
It was during a manifesto
on the Friday Night News,

00:06:35.200 --> 00:06:41.480
after the Finance Committee cut back 4%
of the Old Age Benefits

00:06:41.560 --> 00:06:43.320
and I did a segment on that

00:06:43.400 --> 00:06:46.880
and the editor refused to air it

00:06:46.960 --> 00:06:49.640
because he said
it wasn't sexy and no one cared.

00:06:49.720 --> 00:06:51.840
We battled it out for a whole week.

00:06:54.800 --> 00:06:56.680
Some elderly people are fortunate,

00:06:56.760 --> 00:07:00.080
but there are others whose old age
is not an insult, but a true disgrace.

00:07:00.160 --> 00:07:03.600
After I watched the recording on Friday,

00:07:03.680 --> 00:07:06.920
the penny dropped.
I said to myself,

00:07:07.000 --> 00:07:11.440
"Is this what I've been fighting for all week?
An Op-Ed on the Friday news?

00:07:11.520 --> 00:07:14.880
"I could have been on the Finance Committee
and prevented it.

00:07:15.120 --> 00:07:17.280
"I could have been there to fight."

00:07:19.800 --> 00:07:21.680
On my first day at the Knesset

00:07:21.760 --> 00:07:24.440
we sat around a table in the "Negev" hall.

00:07:24.520 --> 00:07:28.480
The Knesset Speaker at the time
was former President Ruvi Rivlin,

00:07:29.160 --> 00:07:32.160
and Ruvi, with endless excitement,

00:07:32.560 --> 00:07:37.880
said, "New Knesset members,
I am pleased to welcome you here."

00:07:38.560 --> 00:07:40.800
That was...
I had tears in my eyes.

00:07:40.880 --> 00:07:43.120
I think that for the first 6 months

00:07:43.200 --> 00:07:45.280
whenever someone said,
"MK Michaeli,"

00:07:45.360 --> 00:07:49.800
it would always take me a moment to understand,
"MK Michaeli."

00:07:50.200 --> 00:07:55.120
Each time I would get a physical sense
of the weight of the responsibility.

00:07:55.200 --> 00:07:57.600
My shoulders would go like this.

00:07:58.000 --> 00:08:00.720
We're here as equals

00:08:00.800 --> 00:08:05.000
to take our fate into our hands
and shape the reality of our lives.

00:08:06.080 --> 00:08:09.400
But not only the reality
of our lives as women,

00:08:09.920 --> 00:08:13.040
women are not isolated from men,

00:08:13.400 --> 00:08:16.720
women are not isolated
from society, economy, employment,

00:08:16.800 --> 00:08:19.880
the military, war, peace, security.

00:08:19.960 --> 00:08:22.480
Exclusion of women happens first
and foremost in this house,

00:08:22.560 --> 00:08:27.600
where we are represented by barely one quarter
and you by over three quarters.

00:09:20.680 --> 00:09:24.320
The struggle began in 1919
and went on until 1926.

00:09:24.400 --> 00:09:25.680
The unofficial headline

00:09:25.760 --> 00:09:28.640
was the struggle for the right
to vote and be elected,

00:09:28.720 --> 00:09:32.280
which today, sounds simply unheard of.

00:09:32.360 --> 00:09:35.000
How could someone in the Zionist movement

00:09:35.080 --> 00:09:38.720
tell a woman, "You can't vote?"

00:09:39.360 --> 00:09:41.680
It was led by a women's organization -

00:09:41.760 --> 00:09:44.320
"The Hebrew Women's Union for Equal Rights"

00:09:44.480 --> 00:09:47.680
in order to resolve something
that everyone agreed was intolerable.

00:09:47.760 --> 00:09:53.360
But many of them
tended to accept the views of men:

00:09:53.440 --> 00:09:55.720
"Wait for better days.

00:09:55.800 --> 00:10:00.920
"Let's get through this,
obtain recognition from the British Mandate,

00:10:01.000 --> 00:10:05.400
"then we can focus
on these minor issues of the right to vote."

00:10:13.640 --> 00:10:15.840
If we ask ourselves
why women couldn't vote

00:10:15.920 --> 00:10:17.560
and who didn't let them vote,

00:10:17.640 --> 00:10:21.680
the question is related to that little hyphen
between "Jewish" and "Democratic"

00:10:21.880 --> 00:10:24.320
and the issue of religion and state
in the State of Israel.

00:10:24.400 --> 00:10:28.480
The struggle isn't necessarily
against the religious or the Orthodox,

00:10:28.600 --> 00:10:31.960
rather, it's against those entities

00:10:32.040 --> 00:10:34.400
that take the religious
and the Orthodox into account first,

00:10:34.480 --> 00:10:36.680
and only then the women.

00:10:38.040 --> 00:10:42.440
The Orthodox in the old Jewish community
objected to granting women the vote.

00:10:42.760 --> 00:10:46.080
They said,
"This is not the way of Judaism,

00:10:46.160 --> 00:10:49.600
"women cannot be involved in public matters."

00:10:55.920 --> 00:10:56.960
After this struggle ended,

00:10:57.040 --> 00:11:00.800
women could be elected
into the Assembly of Representatives

00:11:00.880 --> 00:11:03.120
which would later become

00:11:03.320 --> 00:11:06.520
the representatives
when the State was established.

00:11:14.600 --> 00:11:16.360
I am opening the Knesset session.

00:11:16.480 --> 00:11:19.280
In its early years, the State of Israel
was at an all-time low

00:11:19.360 --> 00:11:21.560
in terms of female representation
in the Knesset.

00:11:21.640 --> 00:11:24.160
The number wavered around 10%.

00:11:31.600 --> 00:11:35.200
One of the answers to the question of why
it didn't go higher than 10%

00:11:35.280 --> 00:11:38.280
is related to the status of women at the time,

00:11:38.400 --> 00:11:40.440
what women did,
to where they were steered,

00:11:40.520 --> 00:11:42.800
and once again
we have the same distribution of roles,

00:11:42.880 --> 00:11:44.840
that same designation of motherhood

00:11:44.920 --> 00:11:48.560
as the top priority.

00:11:48.640 --> 00:11:50.560
Everything else would come after,

00:11:50.640 --> 00:11:54.000
such as working outside the home
as a nurse, a teacher,

00:11:54.160 --> 00:11:57.000
a nanny, a preschool teacher, if anything,

00:11:57.080 --> 00:11:58.640
so a Member of Knesset?

00:12:05.240 --> 00:12:10.600
It was a time when women didn't talk
about the status of women.

00:12:10.680 --> 00:12:15.160
If women made it into politics
after '48 - '50,

00:12:15.680 --> 00:12:18.160
until the 1980's, it wasn't something
to deal with,

00:12:18.240 --> 00:12:21.680
because the majority of these women
came to politics

00:12:21.760 --> 00:12:26.120
after a long time in which
they had managed  as women in a man's world.

00:12:26.240 --> 00:12:31.680
They had all undergone the initiation period
of being the only woman in the establishment

00:12:31.760 --> 00:12:33.040
and when they reached the Knesset,

00:12:33.120 --> 00:12:38.120
it was still an issue
that was somewhat shameful to tackle,

00:12:38.200 --> 00:12:41.800
because if you had come all this way,

00:12:41.880 --> 00:12:43.560
that meant you were as strong as a man.

00:12:43.640 --> 00:12:47.040
The Likkud government deserves
a motion of no confidence

00:12:47.120 --> 00:12:50.240
not only due to its failure
in terms of the economy,

00:12:50.320 --> 00:12:53.880
but for its social failures as well.

00:12:53.960 --> 00:12:57.800
There must be a public parliamentary committee

00:12:58.360 --> 00:13:02.120
to examine and protect the civil rights

00:13:02.200 --> 00:13:04.480
of the inhabitants of the Occupied Territories.

00:13:04.560 --> 00:13:06.960
The people who are breaking the law today

00:13:07.040 --> 00:13:10.280
are those who are evacuating
or intend to evacuate

00:13:10.360 --> 00:13:13.080
Jews from the Land of Israel.

00:13:24.040 --> 00:13:26.080
Who are these cameramen?
-Israeli Television.

00:13:26.160 --> 00:13:28.600
Israeli Television? Here, shove
the woman into the frame.

00:13:29.200 --> 00:13:31.280
Does that embrace
have any political significance?

00:13:44.640 --> 00:13:47.600
There are few people who can represent

00:13:47.760 --> 00:13:49.800
people whose story
they don't understand,

00:13:49.880 --> 00:13:51.240
whose experiences they don't understand,

00:13:51.320 --> 00:13:52.960
whose lives they don't understand.

00:13:53.120 --> 00:13:54.480
That's why we need women in the Knesset.

00:13:54.560 --> 00:13:57.960
There is something unreasonable and illogical

00:13:58.040 --> 00:14:02.360
about the fact that 50% of the population,
in the current Knesset,

00:14:02.440 --> 00:14:04.560
which is the 24th Knesset,

00:14:04.640 --> 00:14:06.560
are represented by only 27%.

00:14:06.640 --> 00:14:11.680
A society, a democratic regime
must aspire as much as possible

00:14:11.760 --> 00:14:13.880
that its parliament,
its house of representatives,

00:14:14.000 --> 00:14:17.480
represent to the fullest extent
the society from which it comes.

00:14:34.240 --> 00:14:37.200
But we want to go in.
-Ora, you go in.

00:14:37.680 --> 00:14:39.480
Look at me, is Shimon there?
-Yes.

00:14:39.560 --> 00:14:43.240
So tell him we want to see him,
in good spirits,

00:14:43.760 --> 00:14:47.720
we won't barge in,
we'll do it nicely. -Boaz.

00:14:47.800 --> 00:14:51.280
You're a good guy.
-We don't want to force our way in.

00:14:51.360 --> 00:14:55.240
Just like the doctor's office, there's a line
outside the Ha'Avoda party Arrangements Committee.

00:14:57.040 --> 00:14:59.800
All of you? -Yes.
-No, one by one. -I don't have two minutes.

00:14:59.880 --> 00:15:01.560
Then how many? Three?

00:15:01.640 --> 00:15:04.680
I'll see two MKs, three at the most.

00:15:05.800 --> 00:15:07.400
Ada, you go in.

00:15:07.520 --> 00:15:09.360
Ada, the young generation.

00:15:09.640 --> 00:15:14.160
The five-member Appointments Committee
decides who will serve in the Knesset.

00:15:14.920 --> 00:15:16.360
Once, everything was decided
by the Arrangements Committee.

00:15:16.440 --> 00:15:21.560
There was a group of self-proclaimed
important people,

00:15:21.920 --> 00:15:23.480
that decided who was in and who was out.

00:15:23.560 --> 00:15:26.040
The longer you had been a branch member,

00:15:26.120 --> 00:15:31.480
if you had excellent
wheeling and dealing skills,

00:15:31.560 --> 00:15:36.200
you made it close enough
to the decision-making table

00:15:36.280 --> 00:15:41.160
in order to become a Knesset member
because the Committee chose you.

00:15:41.280 --> 00:15:45.080
20th on the list. What do you think?
-18th, not 20th

00:15:45.160 --> 00:15:48.160
on the Ha'Avoda party list.

00:15:48.240 --> 00:15:51.000
Many members are dissatisfied.

00:15:51.080 --> 00:15:53.360
We hope that you'll be prime minister.
We don't care...

00:15:53.440 --> 00:15:56.080
Shimon Peres can be pleased
with his achievement.

00:15:56.160 --> 00:15:58.240
His list of party candidates

00:15:58.320 --> 00:15:59.920
was unanimously approved.

00:16:00.440 --> 00:16:02.880
But here,
because of the Arrangements Committee,

00:16:02.960 --> 00:16:04.320
many were deprived.

00:16:04.760 --> 00:16:08.280
We demand at least 25% of the top seats

00:16:08.360 --> 00:16:11.720
on the Ha'Avoda list of candidates

00:16:11.800 --> 00:16:15.200
for the Knesset, for the local authorities,
and for the Histadrut.

00:16:15.280 --> 00:16:18.240
We demand that this be anchored
in the constitution

00:16:18.320 --> 00:16:23.360
whereby any list without at least 25% women
will be disqualified,

00:16:23.440 --> 00:16:27.840
and any institution without
25