00:00:50 VOICE OVER: To date, there has been over three hundred billion dollars of transactions worldwide from the carbon credit and offset market. 

 

There are currently over 5000 projects registered in the United Nations carbon market. What do they all have in common? They are all receiving carbon credits for offsetting pollution created somewhere else.

 

Carbon credits allow polluters in the affluent global North to continue their activities unchecked, as long as someone, somewhere in a developing nation is simultaneously doing something 'green'. The real burden of climate responsibility continues to fall upon those in the global South.

 

Instead of focusing resources to move away from a fossil fuel economy, massive international trading ventures have been established as the solution. But what impact are these offsets having? Are they actually reducing emissions?

 

Who will gain, who will lose, and what impact is an international carbon market really having on our natural world?

 

 

00:01:36:03 00:01:39:10

What is your carbon footprint?

What is climate change?

 

00:01:39:12 00:01:41:20

What if there was no oil?

 

V/O ANIMATION CARBON TRADING 101

 

00:02:11 Due to the rising levels of carbon emissions around the world, a carbon market was established as one of the primary means to reduce pollution. The Carbon Market, also known as Emissions trading, works like a stock market and is set up to control pollution by providing economic incentives for achieving reductions in the emissions of pollutants.

 

Here is an example of company X, located somewhere in the developed world. The government allots company x’s four factories each,  a set number of permits regulating how much carbon they can emit. Factories producing less than the permitted amount of emissions can transfer their excess permits to factories producing too much. At this point, company X has fulfilled its commitment to reduce carbon emissions.

 

But, if it wishes to pollute more it can invest in developing world projects that have been certified by the United Nations to reduce emissions abroad. These are called Carbon Offset projects.  In return for this investment, company X receives ‘offset credits’, which allow it to continue polluting.

 

00:03:24 Meanwhile, big polluters make huge profits from this modern day Klondike.

 

VOICE OVER:

00:03:37

In 1997, 178 countries signed the Kyoto Protocol. It was, and is, the only International treaty to set hard limits on green house gas emissions.

:12 seconds

 

Kyoto set up 3 market mechanisms to assist industrialized countries to meet their targets for emissions reductions. All three are different forms of carbon trading.

Since Kyoto’s inception, The World Bank has expanded the role and infrastructure of carbon trading.  When the World Bank launched its first Prototype Carbon Fund in 1999, it was presented as a short-term catalyst to jump start the international carbon market. The World Bank's portfolio has since grown to over 2.5 billion dollar, distributed across 13 different funds.

:48 seconds total

 

If things continue on their current course, The Kyoto Protocol will likely be allowed to expire and wealthy countries will replace the binding reductions with a voluntary commitment. If they are successful, carbon trading will be cemented as the foundation of carbon emissions policy for at least the next decade.

 1:08 total

 

 

00:05:29:20,  00:05:33:11, The street we are on right now|is Bo'Ness Road in Grangemouth and

00:05:34:06,  00:05:38:10, the power plant for Bo'Ness Road itself|is the sixth biggest polluter in Scotland.

00:05:38:19,  00:05:41:19, The refinery on both sides of|the road is owned by INEOS

00:05:42:01,  00:05:46:04, and that’s the third|biggest polluter in Scotland.

00:05:46:08,  00:05:48:07, And at the end of the street is BP,

00:05:48:10,  00:05:51:21, which is the fourth or fifth|biggest polluter in Scotland.

00:05:52:00,  00:05:55:19, So on one road we have three of the|top ten biggest polluters in Scotland.

00:05:56:16,  00:05:58:20, In Grangemouth we can|see carbon being released.

00:05:59:00,  00:06:02:00, We can see the smoke|from the end of the flair.

00:06:02:10,  00:06:06:05, But also we know that for|every ton of carbon there’s also

00:06:06:15,  00:06:10:18, mercury, benzene,|sulfates being released.

00:06:11:07,  00:06:15:21, And I suppose one of my concerns about carbon|trading is that’s not being traded away.

00:06:16:06,  00:06:20:01, And rather than industry being able|to trade their carbon somewhere else,

00:06:20:03,  00:06:21:19, if they had to cut it in this town

00:06:22:04,  00:06:24:22, then we would see|the benefits immediately.

00:06:29:06,  00:06:32:12, Over the years obviously|with the level of pollution

00:06:32:15,  00:06:34:12, that you get from the oil industry

00:06:34:18,  00:06:39:10, there's been obvious concerns of|what is the impact on our health.

00:06:39:15,  00:06:42:08, And any research that has|sort of made any statements

00:06:42:11,  00:06:45:16, has always been|challenged by the industry

00:06:45:19,  00:06:48:14, so we never had that|properly answered.

00:06:49:16,  00:06:52:20, There's that international,|global perspective

00:06:52:23,  00:06:56:03, of our carbon that's being|released from our chimneys.

00:06:56:05,  00:06:59:15, It's actually having an impact on|Indigenous nations throughout the world

00:06:59:17,  00:07:01:19, through climate change,|which is already happening.

00:07:01:23,  00:07:04:07, It's not something that's in|the future, it's not something

00:07:04:09,  00:07:07:15, that we can buy some|time with carbon trading

00:07:07:18,  00:07:11:09, and to find the|business solutions to.

00:07:11:11,  00:07:15:12, There's a shift that needs to happen immediately,|because there's people already suffering.

 

VOICE OVER:

00:07:03 Polluting companies in Grangemouth and across the Western world are currently buying credits from offset projects around the globe, in order to compensate for their pollution at home.

 

The vast majority of these projects have devastating effects on local communities and their environment.

:18 seconds

 

 

 

 

00:07:56:20,  00:08:03:06, Sow the seed on the land,|it won't be in vain.

00:08:04:10,  00:08:11:03, Don't hesitate to harvest|  the plant to a brother.

00:08:16:01,  00:08:23:16, Oh! Jesus never|let me walk alone

00:08:24:05,  00:08:31:13, because you know my|weaknesses and my heart.

00:08:31:19,  00:08:39:06, Come and teach me|to live life and your presence.

00:08:43:18,  00:08:47:08, So on this day, in this community

00:08:47:15,  00:08:50:19, we’re remembering and celebrating||

00:08:51:12,  00:08:54:20, not only the death but the life,

00:08:55:18,  00:08:58:08, not only our sadness but also our joy|

00:08:59:02,  00:09:01:04, in coming together as a community

00:09:01:18,  00:09:06:16, to honour our brother Antonio Joaquim.

00:09:08:00,  00:09:10:04, The physical death of Antonio Joaquim

00:09:10:12,  00:09:16:02, is added to the death|throughout all the years

00:09:16:05,  00:09:19:06, since the arrival of the|eucalyptus farming to the region.

00:09:20:00,  00:09:23:02, With the arrival of the eucalyptus|monoculture in the region,

00:09:23:04,  00:09:27:00, the sustainable base of|families was destroyed.

00:09:27:12,  00:09:31:22, It was the savanna that provided fruit,

00:09:32:01,  00:09:35:01, food and space for cattle,

00:09:35:17,  00:09:39:11, that provided water to supply the sources

00:09:39:18,  00:09:43:23, where people could get food,

00:09:44:12,  00:09:48:18, that was destroyed by the entrance

00:09:48:21,  00:09:51:01, of the eucalyptus monoculture

00:09:51:04,  00:09:53:22, planted in large scale here in the region.

00:09:54:14,  00:09:58:03, We ask for justice so it doesn’t happen again.

00:09:58:06,  00:10:00:03, Because it's still happening.

00:10:00:06,  00:10:03:04, For it to never happen|again we ask for justice,|

00:10:03:07,  00:10:06:14, that the perpetrators be charged,|because they haven’t been yet,|

00:10:06:17,  00:10:08:23, they haven’t been condemned.

00:10:18:09,  00:10:22:23, If you’re talking about monoculture|of eucalyptus here in the region,||

00:10:23:14,  00:10:26:04, it’s mostly north of Minas Gerais,

00:10:26:07,  00:10:29:12, but in Brazil as a whole,|there’s a lot of eucalyptus,|

00:10:30:02,  00:10:34:03, and there are many companies|that came and established

00:10:34:06,  00:10:37:20, these monocrops here in the region.

 

VOICE OVER:

00:10:26

            The Vallorec and Mannesman eucalyptus plantations are part of the Vallourec project on renwable energy registered as a carbon offset since 2006. Vallourec claims to be using ‘renewable’ energy for pig iron production, with the supposedly renewable energy coming from their eucalyptus plantations.

:24 seconds

 

 

 

00:10:49:12,  00:10:53:00, Carbonization processing plant

00:11:02:06,  00:11:05:09, About the coal production,|which we have here,

00:11:05:13,  00:11:07:15, how it works is that

00:11:07:21,  00:11:11:09, the companies come  and clear the|savanna vegetation to plant eucalyptus.

00:11:11:17,  00:11:17:10, They hire some of the local|work force temporarily.|

00:11:17:23,  00:11:20:22, When it is time for|the harvest, they hire

00:11:21:01,  00:11:25:08, several workers to|cut the eucalyptus,

00:11:25:17,  00:11:29:16, and then transport|them to a series of ovens|

00:11:30:02,  00:11:35:08, and there the ovens are|fed also by local workers, 

00:11:35:16,  00:11:40:22, and after it is carbonized|and the oven cools down,|

00:11:41:09,  00:11:44:20, the workers go back to empty it.

00:11:45:18,  00:11:49:11, So after that process,|the coal is transported

00:11:49:13,  00:11:52:20, to the metallurgical|section of Minas Gerais|

00:11:53:08,  00:11:56:10, and is used to make|what they call pig iron,|

00:11:56:14,  00:12:01:04, also used in steel and steel sheets that|are usually transported outside the country|

00:12:01:07,  00:12:04:20, to be processed and brought|back as a final product.|

00:12:06:06,  00:12:10:20, But in this case of financing|eucalyptus plantations,

00:12:10:23,  00:12:17:19, what we understand is that|eucalyptus during its life captures|

00:12:18:04,  00:12:21:10, carbon dioxide from the atmosphere

00:12:21:19,  00:12:26:16,   so if it were to remain in nature, it would be ok,

00:12:26:23,  00:12:30:07, but no, it is cut, burnt

00:12:30:13,  00:12:35:10, and then turned into pig iron

00:12:35:16,  00:12:39:03, and ends up releasing carbon|dioxide back into the atmosphere.

00:12:39:09,  00:12:41:05, So we don’t agree with it.|

00:12:41:18,  00:12:46:20, They make money for being able to|reduce pollution in the atmosphere|

00:12:46:23,  00:12:50:06, then they turn around and release that|pollution right back into the atmosphere!||

00:12:51:00,  00:12:52:09, So we just don't agree with that.

00:13:04:08,  00:13:07:03, Before there was the eucalyptus

00:13:07:05,  00:13:13:19, there was a lot of fruit around here|and that’s what we survived off of.|

00:13:13:22,  00:13:18:07, When the eucalyptus|came there was less water,||

00:13:18:15,  00:13:21:15, because even the water|couldn’t cope anymore.

00:13:21:18,  00:13:24:02, Because we had to dig wells…||

00:13:24:07,  00:13:26:23, And from there, things just got worse.

00:13:36:09,  00:13:38:04, A lot of things changed.|

00:13:38:07,  00:13:41:14, In the past there|weren’t water shortages. 

00:13:41:17,  00:13:45:10, Today the water is not|the same as it used to be.

00:13:45:12,  00:13:50:03, After taking away the savanna,|the water tends to run out.|

00:13:50:14,  00:13:55:15, The eucalyptus sucks up the|water that should be used for farming.

00:13:55:23,  00:13:59:12, It sucks it all up so it|just gets worse for us.|

00:14:04:20,  00:14:07:04, This area here is where|the orange grove was.

00:14:07:10,  00:14:09:18, There are some stalks|here, some stumps

00:14:09:20,  00:14:12:22, that prove that it used|to be an orange grove.

00:14:13:05,  00:14:17:14, So all this here was an orange|grove but now there’s no more.

00:14:18:03,  00:14:21:01, We plant coffee but no more oranges

00:14:21:05,  00:14:25:05, because they were all dying from the poisoned water|that comes from the company.

00:14:26:00,  00:14:30:21, There's one thing that they|use that kills the savanna

00:14:31:00,  00:14:34:10, when they want to clear|it to plant eucalyptus.

00:14:34:14,  00:14:39:02, If their water gets in|the manioc it won't grow,

00:14:39:14,  00:14:44:01, so we have diverted main water sources|away from the crops.

00:14:45:00,  00:14:49:22, Because the poison from the company|is very strong and destroys the crops.

00:14:52:13,  00:14:54:22, Now it just stays like this,

00:14:55:11,  00:15:00:14, it can’t grow because|its roots are all rotten.

00:15:01:18,  00:15:04:07, So if you pull it up|you can see it’s all rotten.

00:15:04:10,  00:15:09:02, The poison that comes from|the company threatens our farms here.

00:15:10:07,  00:15:14:12, The impact on the communities||is the same in any region you go,

00:15:14:15,  00:15:17:03, no matter which company|is doing the project.

00:15:17:06,  00:15:21:14, There aren’t just one or two|companies causing problems.|

00:15:21:21,  00:15:24:18, Because the eucalyptus monocrops|are large scale crops

00:15:24:21,  00:15:26:17, that have an impact either way.

00:15:42:09,  00:15:47:18, Here in the community, we|live closed off, threatened,

00:15:47:21,  00:15:52:18, because every time we leave, we|can’t use any kind of transportation

00:15:52:21,  00:15:57:10, that goes by the road|of the company V&M

00:15:57:13,  00:16:01:04,   because when we take|the road, we are approached

00:16:01:16,  00:16:04:12, not by the police but|by the company’s guards.

00:16:05:01,  00:16:07:06, But sometimes we ask

00:16:07:10,  00:16:10:06, what is the attitude|of those guards?

00:16:10:08,  00:16:13:06, Why and what do they|seek or want with us?

00:16:13:11,  00:16:15:12, So we're afraid.

00:16:15:16,  00:16:17:04, Like on Thursday,

00:16:17:10,  00:16:20:11, my husband was|stopped on the road.|

00:16:20:20,  00:16:23:14, They were approaching him|asking for documents,

00:16:23:16,  00:16:26:23, license plate|and his full name.

00:16:28:05,  00:16:30:11, But the question remains, for what?

00:16:39:07,  00:16:42:15, Now with the charcoal ovens, we can't|get anything from the forest anymore.

00:16:42:17,  00:16:47:03, If we try to, the forest|rangers come and fine us,

00:16:47:07,  00:16:50:02, so it's very difficult.

00:16:50:20,  00:16:55:18, Before, people used to gather|leftover wood that was laying around

00:16:55:21,  00:17:01:13, but we stopped because V&M Florestal sends|the forest rangers to fine us. Big fines.

00:17:01:15,  00:17:04:06, I still have one that I|haven't been able to pay.

00:17:06:11,  00:17:09:11, And things got even|worse for me because…||

00:17:09:15,  00:17:14:00, my son was killed|because of the eucalyptus.

00:17:16:04,  00:17:21:13, He lived down there, and his|neighbour told the company

00:17:21:15,  00:17:25:05, that he was gathering wood,

00:17:25:08,  00:17:28:16, because my son was using|a cart and oxen.

00:17:28:19,  00:17:35:01, The guards took him from my other|son’s property, his brother,|

00:17:35:09,  00:17:39:00, who says they tied him|to the cart and beat him|

00:17:39:03,  00:17:42:14, and dragged him out|into the eucalyptus,|

00:17:42:16,  00:17:46:11, over where there’s that little cross|and then they started shooting.

00:17:46:16,  00:17:50:03, They wanted to kill his daughter,|his youngest. They grabbed her,||

00:17:50:06,  00:17:53:13, and so he said that if they were|going to kill his daughter,

00:17:53:17,  00:17:56:06, they should kill him instead.|

00:17:56:09,  00:17:59:13, And then they shot and killed him.

00:18:00:05,  00:18:08:10, "Assassinated by the|guards from Mannesmann"

 

 

00:18:10

Voice Over:

In 1999, one of the world’s first forest carbon projects was launched in Brazil.  A joint initiative between Brazilian NGO SPVS and U.S.-based NGO The Nature Conservancy, the groups received 18 million dollars from Chevron, American Electric Power and General Motors to purchase 18,600 hectares of land. The carbon credits generated, would be used by these U.S. corporations to offset part of their emissions. The conservation project covers a vast area including the traditional land of the indigenous Guarani people.  

 

 

 

00:19:17:15,  00:19:21:11, It’s a forgotten village,

00:19:22:05,  00:19:27:21, abandoned by the municipal|and federal governments.

00:19:28:01,  00:19:31:12, The people here have|been abandoned.|

00:19:31:15,  00:19:36:06, They’re a people who are very much|forgotten by everyone around.

00:19:37:23,  00:19:43:17, So their biggest concern is that|this land they live on is their land.

00:19:43:20,  00:19:49:01, They’re indigenous,|but they don’t own it.|

00:20:03:05,  00:20:05:05, I'm a shaman.

00:20:06:01,  00:20:08:21, I built my own house.

00:20:10:05,  00:20:12:08, I'm 81 years old

00:20:12:14,  00:20:15:12, and I know the forest well.

00:20:15:18,  00:20:18:18, When my children get sick

00:20:19:04,  00:20:23:00, I prepare medicine to cure them.

00:20:36:22,  00:20:39:14, The government gave this land

00:20:40:00,  00:20:43:20, for my community to stay here.

00:20:44:02,  00:20:48:11, But the land is infertile.|It's unproductive land.

00:20:50:05,  00:20:53:03, We grow some food on the land,

00:20:53:15,  00:20:57:03, but the land is poor.

00:20:57:12,  00:21:00:18, We grow a bit of manioc,

00:21:01:12,  00:21:04:16, sweet potatoes…

00:21:15:04,  00:21:20:10, They don't want us to enter the land

00:21:20:22,  00:21:24:20, in which we have lived before.

00:21:25:07,  00:21:29:08, We didn't give them the land.

00:21:29:17,  00:21:37:13, They want to take our home from us.

00:21:40:06,  00:21:43:09, Often they are not even notified

00:21:43:12,  00:21:47:11, nor is anyone required|to sign the document

00:21:48:01,  00:21:51:07, based on which the allotment|for the village will be calculated.|

00:21:51:16,  00:21:53:15, It has happened that|

00:21:53:19,  00:21:56:11, they themselves in the|cities, in the secretaries,||

00:21:56:14,  00:21:58:21, sign on behalf of the Indians,|

00:21:59:04,  00:22:01:21, in order to access that allotment,|

00:22:02:00,  00:22:04:20, that most of the time is|only signed by them

00:22:05:03,  00:22:07:14, and nobody in the village knows about it.

00:22:07:22,  00:22:10:22, And it never arrives,|and if it does it’s very little.|

00:22:11:03,  00:22:13:09, So, this manipulation,

00:22:13:12,  00:22:18:12, where they manipulate and forge|

00:22:18:15,  00:22:21:09, the signatures of the indigenous,||

00:22:21:14,  00:22:24:11, uses the village|to apply for the allotment

00:22:24:14,  00:22:27:20, and then keep the|money for themselves.

00:22:37:20,  00:22:42:14, When I went to|the Environmental Institute of Paraná (IAP)

00:22:42:19,  00:22:46:06, to resolve a problem I had|with my property lines,|

00:22:46:13,  00:22:49:14, and while I was there|looking at the map

00:22:49:17,  00:22:52:07, they had of my property,||

00:22:52:10,  00:22:56:19, I saw that my property|didn’t have boundaries.

00:22:57:13,  00:23:01:17, I found out that in|not having boundaries,|

00:23:01:22,  00:23:05:07, my property was surrounded| by one of these SPVS projects.||

00:23:09:11,  00:23:11:19, I actually have a deed for the property

00:23:11:22,  00:23:14:16, and they didn’t know that,|they thought I only had user’s rights,

00:23:14:19,  00:23:19:03, so they came here|with insulting offers,|

00:23:19:06,  00:23:22:13, trying to buy it|off me for pennies.|

 

00:23:26:16,  00:23:28:14, We were not even aware

00:23:28:17,  00:23:31:05, that Chevron and GM

00:23:31:09,  00:23:33:09, had projects in our region.|

00:23:33:14,  00:23:35:12, We weren’t informed.

00:23:35:14,  00:23:38:02, All we know is that these areas|

00:23:38:05,  00:23:40:05, were bought by big companies

00:23:40:08,  00:23:42:23, that try to remain anonymous.|

00:23:43:05,  00:23:46:08, So these communities don’t|even know where to turn for help|

00:23:46:11,  00:23:50:01, when they become victims|of this kind of abuse.|

 

00:23:53

 

V/O Force Verde: The forca verde is the environmental police of the state of Parana, protecting the conservation project. Everyday they go out on patrol, to make sure people are not squatting land on the conservation territory. By doing this, they regularly push local people off their traditional land. 

:19 seconds

 

 

 

 

00:24:15:06,  00:24:20:15, The environmental forces|that police the region

00:24:21:14,  00:24:23:15, are completely repressive.

00:24:23:18,  00:24:26:22, They are not informative,|they don’t give direction.|

00:24:27:01,  00:24:29:23, They just bring|repression, to the point of,|

00:24:30:03,  00:24:33:02, when I first moved here, they came,|

00:24:33:06,  00:24:35:14, arresting people for clearing brush!|

00:24:35:17,  00:24:38:02, They weren’t cutting|down trees or anything!|

00:24:38:06,  00:24:40:22, Arresting someone for clearing brush,

00:24:41:00,  00:24:43:05, because they were not|even allowed to clear brush!

00:24:43:07,  00:24:45:03, I think that’s just absurd.|

00:24:45:06,  00:24:49:18, That was a direct influence of the SPVS.

00:24:54:10,  00:24:57:21, The government people|don't care about us.

00:24:59:11,  00:25:02:06, We barely have food, we can't hunt

00:25:03:07,  00:25:06:04, or harvest wood. They prohibit us.

00:25:06:08,  00:25:08:15, They don't want us to hunt.

00:25:08:18,  00:25:11:19, They don't want us|to harvest the wood.

00:25:11:19,  00:25:14:00, They don't want us|to harvest the wood.

00:25:14:08,  00:25:17:15, But there are other people|who enter the forest

00:25:17:18,  00:25:20:02, and steal the wood.

00:25:20:05,  00:25:24:05, And then they come|to ask who did it.

00:25:24:10,  00:25:27:08, We go and cry in the forest.

00:25:27:13,  00:25:30:00, What are we going to do?

00:25:38:18,  00:25:40:01, In the community where we live,

00:25:40:04,  00:25:41:20, nothing is happening.

00:25:41:22,  00:25:44:16, They don't come and help|us, only to pressure us...

00:25:44:19,  00:25:46:04, Nothing works.

00:25:46:07,  00:25:49:20, My son, the chief, tried|very hard to do something.

00:25:54:04,  00:25:56:10, We want a place to live for us,

00:25:56:21,  00:25:59:08, which we don't have.

00:26:00:08,  00:26:03:00, All our lands

00:26:03:10,  00:26:06:09, have been taken away from us.|

00:26:07:23,  00:26:11:05, We want them back.|

00:26:11:16,  00:26:15:14, We want our lands to be returned.|

00:26:15:19,  00:26:18:18, It will not be easy to get them back.|

00:26:19:00,  00:26:21:22, We have been abandoned, with no land.|

00:26:26:09,  00:26:28:01, The poor population that are living

00:26:28:05,  00:26:30:04, in the area bought for the project|

00:26:30:14,  00:26:32:17, are told by the company|or by intermediaries|

00:26:33:00,  00:26:35:20, that the people who have|been living on that land

00:26:36:00,  00:26:39:00, twenty or thirty years|have to leave the area.|

00:26:39:05,  00:26:42:11, So they end up in other cities,

00:26:42:19,  00:26:47:06, here in Paranagua, in|Antonina, Morrentes, or Curitiba

00:26:47:08,  00:26:50:05, looking for a place|where they can find a job,

00:26:50:09,  00:26:53:16, find work and|build their houses.

00:26:54:00,  00:26:56:18, So in reality these big projects

00:26:56:21,  00:26:59:06, that are supposed to be positive,

00:26:59:09,  00:27:01:16, started by big corporations

00:27:01:22,  00:27:05:05,   in our communities they are|having the opposite effect.

00:27:10:00,  00:27:14:14, Big projects, no compensation and|the expulsion of large communities.

00:27:15:07,  00:27:20:17, So hunger today is common and there’s|no end in sight for the social problems.

00:27:22:05,  00:27:27:10, When these preservation projects|are preserving the forest

00:27:27:22,  00:27:33:14, because it captures carbon|and keeps the planet from heating,

00:27:33:17,  00:27:38:04, yet you have entire communities|dying of hunger. It’s unacceptable.

 

00:27:40  VOICE OVER: The forca Verde also regularly patrol the ocean bay within the Conservation zone.

 

 

00:27:49:18,  00:27:50:13, Hello!

00:27:50:17,  00:27:51:18, - Hello!

00:27:52:09,  00:27:55:13, - Is it alright if we do an inspection?|- No problem.

00:27:55:16,  00:27:57:14, - Are you fishing, or|just traveling somewhere?

00:27:57:16,  00:27:59:07, - What?|- Doing any fishing?

00:27:59:10,  00:28:03:01, - No sir, we are just on our way back|from Nassau. We are just out boating.|

00:28:03:20,  00:28:07:02, There haven’t been any positive|changes. Only the negative ones.

00:28:07:08,  00:28:10:22, And the conditions for the fishermen,|rather than improving, are only getting worse.

00:28:11:00,  00:28:13:05, Our fishermen are living in poverty.||

00:28:14:13,  00:28:17:22, The inspectors are misinformed.

00:28:18:07,  00:28:23:03, Instead of talking to the fishermen,|instead of raising awareness,

00:28:23:18,  00:28:28:18, the inspectors seize their equipment,|they take the little they have left.

00:28:28:20,  00:28:35:10, Playing the rebel on the water, attacking|the fishermen physically and morally.

00:28:35:16,  00:28:40:09, We don't need that kind of inspection.|We need educational inspections.

00:28:43:19,  00:28:46:01, I imagine, from what we have seen,

00:28:46:02,  00:28:48:13, that these projects are being described

00:28:48:17,  00:28:50:23, by the big publications of the world,

00:28:51:02,  00:28:53:03, on the big American websites,

00:28:53:06,  00:28:56:08, to the people in the United States

00:28:56:12,  00:28:59:15, to the people in Europe,|Canada and North America|

00:28:59:19,  00:29:04:09, as being projects that|people here are happy with.|

00:29:04:15,  00:29:06:10, But people here are not|happy about these projects,||

00:29:06:14,  00:29:09:07, so that image that is being|sold in those countries

00:29:09:10,  00:29:10:20, that image is innacurate,

00:29:11:01,  00:29:13:00, it doesn’t show, it|doesn’t convey the truth.

00:29:13:08,  00:29:16:04, They’re selling a message:|“We’re preserving the environment

00:29:16:09,  00:29:18:15, by buying these areas.”|Yet the people here

00:29:18:18,  00:29:20:12, don’t even know that this is happening.|

00:29:20:22,  00:29:24:10, That marketing that is being|done, that is being exploited,|

00:29:24:15,  00:29:27:11, is only serving to improve the images|

00:29:27:14,  00:29:30:01, of those companies in your countries.|

00:29:35:22,  00:29:40:11, The Guarani people are not well.

00:29:41:16,  00:29:44:14, We live in poor conditions

00:29:45:01,  00:29:48:05, and nobody knows|about it. We hardly get by.

00:29:48:17,  00:29:54:19, We know that it|cannot be like before.|

00:29:55:20,  00:29:59:11, We can't do anything.

00:30:00:09,  00:30:02:20, We see no future.

 

00:30:36:00 00:31:00:13

We have really poor women,

 

00:31:00:48 00:31:03:03 

largely women, who collect waste,

recyclable waster paper,

 

00:31:06:06 00:31:09:07 

tin, metal, plastic, glass, etc,

 

00:31:09:10 00:31:12:14 

from various places

where garbage is generated.

 

00:31:12:18 00:31:14:20

They ensure that the recyclabes

are segragated,

 

00:31:14:21 00:31:16:35

fine sorted into

13, 14 different categories

 

00:31:16:36 00:31:19:19

and sold to informal scrap trade,

 

00:31:19:20 00:31:21:06

which then sends it on

for reprocessing.

 

00:31:21:09 00:31:22:17 

Thus, ensuring that

 

00 00:31:22:18 00:31:26:23

the bulk of recyclabes generated

in our city and our country,

 

00:31:26:24 00:31:28:08

gets recycled.

 

00:31:28:10 00:31:34:00

The entire recycling sector

is based on this group of workers

 

00:31:34:03 00:31:35:11

informal waste pickers.

 

00:31:35:14 00:31:39:00 

who are the building block

of this entire sector.

 

00:31:37:23,  00:31:42:00, We used to pick and sell

00:31:42:04,  00:31:46:14,   the sorted waste at|10 rupees (25 cents) per kilo.

00:31:46:21,  00:31:49:21, I've been doing this work|since my childhood.

00:31:50:06,  00:31:53:01, We collected glass, milk packets,

00:31:53:11,  00:31:56:08, scrap metal, note books.

00:31:56:17,  00:31:59:05, We were picking|solid waste but we didn't know

00:31:59:08,  00:32:02:02, how and why our|work was important.

00:32:02:11,  00:32:04:21, We looked at it only as

00:32:05:10,  00:32:07:03, means to earn money.

00:32:07:06,  00:32:09:19, We thought we were being punished

00:32:09:22,  00:32:12:13, by fate for our past sins

00:32:12:15,  00:32:16:03, and that is why|we have to pick waste

00:32:16:06,  00:32:19:03, thrown by others.

00:32:19:08,  00:32:21:18, When the SWaCH|organisation explained to us

00:32:21:21,  00:32:25:07, what good we were|doing by picking waste,

00:32:25:18,  00:32:28:08, we understood that|we were helping

00:32:28:19,  00:32:31:22, the environment, the planet.

00:32:32:07,  00:32:36:08, Then we were content|because we earned

00:32:36:12,  00:32:40:13, 400 to 500 rupees|($10 to $12.50) per day.

00:32:40:20,  00:32:43:13, But now, we don’t even earn|

00:32:43:15,  00:32:46:12, 100 rupees ($2.50) per day.

00:32:47:22,  00:32:51:09, Those days, business of|sorting waste was good.

00:32:51:11,  00:32:55:23, Now there is nothing. I am telling|you only what happens now.

 

00:33:01:04 00:33:04:12 

We have around

8-10 000 waste pickers in Puni

 

00:33:04:15 00:33:07:22

who collect recyclable materials.

 

00:33:7:25 00:33:09:09

Alot of them are integrated in

 

00:33:09:12 00:33:12:10

household waste collection program

 

00:33:12:13 00:33:15:12

where the conditions of work

have upgraded

 

00:33:15:15 00:33:18:23

and we've ensured that

the recovery of recyclables

 

00:33:18:25 00:33:20:05

has actually gone up much more.

 

00:33:22:20,  00:33:27:03, I take the waste and separate|the dry from the wet.

00:33:27:11,  00:33:31:18, With the wet waste|we make compost.

00:33:32:04,  00:33:35:20, We use the dry waste|to make a living.

00:33:36:06,  00:33:40:14, It contains glass and paper, which|we can sell for daily wages.

00:33:40:21,  00:33:44:04, We collect waste|from the upper classes,

00:33:44:07,  00:33:49:08, therefore they|benefit from our work.

00:33:49:11,  00:33:55:17, Because of our work collecting dry waste,|we reduce damage to the environment.

 

 

00:34:01:04 00:34:02:20

What you see

on the right hand side

 

00:34:06:23 00:34:10:03

is the 2000 ton

waste incinerator coming up.

 

00:34:10:06 00:34:12:14 

This is barely 150 metres from

 

00:34:12:17 00:34:13:20

this residential neighbourhood.

 

00:34:22:00 00:34:23:14

This project started,

 

00:34:23:17 00:34:25:02 

the construction started in 2010

 

00:34:25:05 00:34:26:03

and it's almost near completion.

 

00:34:26:06 00:34:27:19 

The residents of this neighborhood

 

00:34:27:21 00:34:29:35 

and other neighborhoods

have been protesting

 

00:34:29:45 00:34:31:22 

for the past three years

about this project.

 

00:34:31:26 00:34:32:36

But all this time,

 

00:34:32:39 00:34:35:12

no one has listened

to our memorendums.

 

 

00:34:40:00 VOICE OVER: The Timarpur-Okla Waste Management Company project, was registered by the Clean Development Mechanism to build two facilities to handle more than 2000 tons per day of municipal waste. Both facilities are meant to produce Refuse derived Fuel, otherwise known as RDF. The Okhla site will also burn this RDF to generate electricity.

 

00:35:00:00 00:35:02:02 

One of the key aspects

of this project is that

 

00:35:02:05 00:35:04:19

for the first time

we've mainstreamed

 

00:35:04:21 00:35:05:25 

carbon financing

 

00:35:05:10 00:35:06:20 

into the whole project.

 

00:35:08:23 00:35:10:34

We managed to get an advance

 

00:35:12:37 00:35:14:41

against future deliveries

of carbon credits

 

00:35:14:45 00:35:15:09 

for this particular project.

 

00:35:16:13 00:35:17:21

I don't think

 

00:35:18:25 00:35:19:45

the project that we've undertaken

 

00:35:22:48 00:35:25:11 

would have been possible

without carbon financing

 

00:35:25:14 00:35:27:22

helping to make it more viable.

 

00:35:36:13 00:35:38:33 

Carbon markets are becoming

one major revenue stream

 

00:35:38:35 00:36:37:00 

which is tiping the

 

00:35:37:03 00:35:39:16

financial equation in favour

of these projects.

 

00:35:39:20 00:35:40:40

If you take this

revenue stream away,

 

00:35:40:43 00:35:42:50 

these projects will not be attractive enough

 

00:35:42:53 00:35:43:14 

for most private parties

 

00:35:44:17 00:35:45:28

to want to invest in.

 

00:35:45:32 00:35:48:36 

All of the stakeholders

 

00:35:48:40 00:35:50:45 

who are promoting this project

 

00:35:50:48 00:35:54:56

are marketing this in the name

of the climate change business,

 

00:35:54:59 00:35:58:00 

that this is entitled to getting

carbon credits

 

00:35:58:03 00:35:59:11

and they are tagging it as

 

00:35:59:14 00:36:02:16

'green' energy

or as a 'green' project.

 

00:36:02:20 00:36:05:00

And they try to confuse the people here.

 

00:36:05:03 00:36:07:15

Those who are well aware

of the concept

 

00:36:07:18 00:36:09:30 

understand the process

 

00:36:09:33 00:36:11:36

of waste incineration

 

00:36:11:39 00:36:14:54

None would agree

that this project is safe

 

00:36:14:57 00:36:17:00

for the people who live close

to this project.

 

00:36:17:03 00:36:20:07

When you try to control emissions

in these machines

 

00:36:20:10 00:36:22:45 

it is really expensive.

 

00:36:22:48 00:36:25:58 

A good sized incinerator,

 

00:36:26:00 00:36:29:08

for example,

that burns 2000 tons a day

 

00:36:29:11 00:36:32:13 

in Europe, can cost up to

500 million dollars.

 

00:36:32:16 00:36:34:38

In a country like India,

and other such countries,

 

00:36:34:41 00:36:36:53 

It's almost impossible

to make that kind of investment.

 

00:36:36:56 00:36:37:12

So what you do is cut corners.

 

00:36:37:15 00:36:40:21 

You make burners

that are not up to the mark,

 

00:36:40:24 00:36:43:27 

which will not have

all the pollution control equipment.

 

00:36:43:30 00:36:47:30 

They will just release

all kinds of chemicals into the air.

 

00:36:47:34 00:36:50:45

None of these waster energy plants

can claim that they are

 

00:36:50:48 00:36:52:59

economically useful.

 

00:36:53:02 00:36:54:25 

They are far more expensive

than the existing recycling

 

00:36:54:28 00:36:55:30 

systems that work.

 

00:36:59:00 00:37:01:08

They seem to be completely

unsuitable

 

00:37:01:11 00:37:02:22

to our country

 

00:37:02:25 00:37:03:41 

politically, environmentally,

 

00:37:05:55 00:37:08:03

socially and economically.

Yet they are promoted.

 

00:37:08:06 00:37:10:09

We have municipalities that are

already keen on contracting

 

00:37:11:12 00:37:12:32 

the entire

solid waste management work

 

00:37:12:35 00:37:14:54

out to entities like Hanjer.

 

00:37:15:15 00:37:17:35 

We have 1200-2000 metric tons

of garbage coming in

 

00:37:17:38 00:37:17:51

every day.

 

00:37:17:55 00:37:20:05 

It is not pre-sorted garbage.

 

00:37:23:27 00:37:26:49 

We have designed a machine

that sorts tons of garbage

 

00:37:26:52 00:37:28:01

every day.

 

00:37:28:04 00:37:31:21

We have 50-55%

of moisture content in there.

 

00:37:31:24 00:37:34:28

After that moisture has been removed

 

00:37:34:31 00:37:35:52 00:00:01:23

by drying the garbage,

 

00:37:35:26 00:37:37:38

we have different procedures

in place

 

00:37:37:41 00:37:40:00 

by which we make RDF,

or Refuse Devised Fuel.

 

00:37:40:03 00:37:42:02

The RDF that we are selling

 

00:37:43:06 00:37:46:19 

is being used instead of coal,

all over.

 

00:37:46:21 00:37:47:42

The people who will use it

 

00:37:47:45 00:37:49:01 

will also be entitled

to carbon credits.

 

00:38:08

VOICE OVER The Henjer RDF Pune plant is currently on the consideration list of the United Nations to receive carbon credits as a reusable energy source.

 

 

 

00:38:19:08 00:38:20:24 

It seems like a strange thing to do.

 

00:38:20:27 00:38:23:41 

Instead of aiding someone

helping you do a good thing,

 

00:38:20:43 00:38:20:59

that recycles,

 

00:38:21:02 00:38:23:00

you want to take the waste

and burn it

 

00:38:23:04 00:38:25:28

in the name of carbon credits.

 

00:38:25:31 00:38:27:36

Everybody knows that recycling

 

00:38:27:39 00:38:28:45 

saves more carbon

 

00:38:28:48 00:38:30:00 

then burning it.

 

00:38:30:03 00:38:32:10 

When you burn something,

you create carbon.

 

00:38:34:13 00:38:37:25 

You are converting something

that is recyclable,

 

00:38:37:28 00:38:38:48

where you could retain materials

 

00:38:38:51 00:38:40:07

and then convert them

into emissions

 

00:38:40:22 00:38:44:33

and some semblance of energy,

which is not alot of energy,

 

00:38:44:37 00:38:46:57 

and simultaneously,

take away people's jobs.

 

00:38:47:01 00:38:50:07 

In Delhi alone,

that's 100 000 or 200 000 people

 

00:38:50:10 00:38:51:22

who are living off waste.

 

00:38:51:25 00:38:53:32

Instead of helping them

improve their conditions,

 

00:38:53:35 00:38:55:45

training them,

giving them protective gear,

 

00:38:55:48 00:38:56:12

looking after their livelihoods,

 

00:38:56:15 00:38:59:19 

you take away

their very source of income.

 

00:38:59:22 00:39:01:33

These people are not rich.

 

00:39:01:36 00:39:03:55 

They are not the people consuming

and creating the waste,

 

00:39:04:00 00:39:05:08

these are really poor people.

 

00:39:05:12 00:39:08:13

They come to a city like Delhi

because they have nowhere to go.

 

00:39:25:00 00:39:28:04 

The company is actually trying to

 

00:39:28:07 00:39:30:27 

recylce the waste itself.

They recognize that

 

00:39:30:30 00:39:33:45  

the market for recycling is better

than the market for waste energy

 

00:39:33:48 00:39:36:58

because they produce stuff

that doesn't sell at the same rate.

 

00:39:37:01 00:39:41:16

Not only do they make RDF,

but they extract paper and plastic

 

00:39:41:19 00:39:42:32

and then sell it

to the scrap market.

 

00:39:42:35 00:39:44:41 

Meaning they haven't done

anything new.

 

00:39:44:44 00:39:46:59 

There is not even any

technological innovation.

 

00:39:47:02 00:39:50:04

They have only ensured that

they've bought the rights,

 

00:39:50:07 00:39:51:16

actually not even paid for,

 

00:39:51:19 03:39:53:36 

but claimed the rights

for the recyclables.

 

00:40:00:00 VOICE OVER

The Timarpur-Okla project will reduce emissions by an average of 26,000 tons of C02 equivalent per year. By comparison, Delhi’s wastepickers will  contribute to a C02 reduction 9 times that amount. The project revue for the incinerator is expected to be 37 million dollars from the sale of carbon credits alone.

 

 

 

00:40:30:14 00:40:32:17 

The entire waste picking sector

is complex

 

00:40:32:20 00:40:34:24 

as pickers are operating

at different levels.

 

00:40:34:27 00:40:34:40

Right now it seems like only

the landfill waste pickers

 

00:40:34:44 00:40:35:45

who are really affected.

 

00:40:35:03 00:40:38:03 

For the past couple of years

their earnings have been going down.

 

00:40:38:06 00:40:40:19

One can literally trace the steps

of marginalisation

 

00:40:40:21 00:40:41:26

they've gone through.

 

00:40:54:18,  00:40:59:05, We didn’t know why the|Hanjer company was here.

00:40:59:18,  00:41:05:09, They started their operation|two months ago

00:41:05:12,  00:41:10:20, by first taking waste|in small quantities.

00:41:10:21,  00:41:15:21, We carried on collecting waste|as usual and did not realise

00:41:16:02,  00:41:21:02, there was any threat|from the company.

00:41:21:04,  00:41:24:02, - So that means your work was|going on at that time?  - It was, it was!

00:41:24:13,  00:41:27:21, We started getting less money

00:41:28:00,  00:41:31:09, when they started taking waste.

00:41:31:20,  00:41:34:21, But since it was enough|for our daily survival,

00:41:35:00,  00:41:38:07, we did not realise that|our work was threatened.

00:41:38:21,  00:41:41:05, Our children have to work.

00:41:42:23,  00:41:45:19, We had to withdraw|our children from school.

00:41:45:21,  00:41:47:07, - They have to go to work.

00:41:54:09,  00:42:01:15, We have no one to turn to.|We can only afford one meal a day.

 

 

 

00:42:01:01 00:42:04:09 

One can argue that when you take

livelihoods away from people,

 

00:42:04:12 00:42:07:27 

will it be carbon neutral

or carbon positive?

 

00:42:07:30 00:42:08:38 

What are the people

going to be doing?

 

00:42:08:41 00:42:43:05

Will they make a different living

 

00:42:43:08 00:42:43:16 

that create more carbon

then is being made right now?

 

00:42:43:19 00:42:44:21

That is completely unexamined,

 

00:42:44:24 00:42:45:35

the consequences of

 

00:42:45:38 00:42:47:42

pushing people out

towards greater poverty.

 

00:42:47:45 00:42:49:05 

What are the consequences of that?

 

00:42:49:08 00:42:50:30

The carbon market

doesn't look at that.

 

00:42:36:18,  00:42:40:12, We don't want the company|to be supported by the government.

00:42:40:20,  00:42:46:17, Whatever the government is|going to spend on buying machines

00:42:47:02,  00:42:50:07, needed by the company,|it should spend on us.

00:42:50:14,  00:42:54:20, They could spend that money|on making us a sorting shed.

00:42:54:22,  00:42:58:10, We would be safe and so|would our collected waste.

00:42:58:12,  00:43:02:22, The money we earn from selling|waste is for our children’s education.|

00:43:03:01,  00:43:06:22, Because of the Hanjer company,|2,000 to 3,000 people

00:43:07:00,  00:43:10:07, from the SWaCH organisation|have lost their livelihoods.

00:43:10:09,  00:43:14:17, Whatever few rupees|we earned has stopped

00:43:14:20,  00:43:18:14, and Hanjer Company is|responsible for this loss.

00:43:19:00,  00:43:22:04, We don’t want a company that| hurts us and our children.

 

 

00:43:22:07 00:43:25:09 

You actually have

a process of recycling

 

00:43:25:12 00:43:28:32 

which mitigates climate change

effectively.

 

00:43:28:35 00:43:31:14 

Then, you have players come in

and displace the system

 

00:43:31:17 00:43:36:19

and are actually not reducing

greenhouse gases in the process

 

00:43:36:22 00:43:37:47

and yet, claiming offsets.

 

00:43:37:50 00:43:40:02 

This is doubly unfair

to the waste picker.

 

00:43:40:05 00:43:44:16

If you buy into

the carbon trade argument

 

00:43:44:19 00:43:47:21 

then the waste picker should be

the primary beneficiary

 

00:43:47:24 00:43:49:24

of any kind of carbon trade.

 

00:43:49:27 00:43:50:41

Not only are we not there,

 

00:43:50:44 00:43:54:03 

but it displaces people

and the entire recycling sector

 

00:43:54:06 00:43:56:10

and then claim carbon credits.

 

00:43:56:13 00:43:57:16

This is

 

00:43:57:19 00:43:58:19 

ridiculous.

 

00:44:23:52

VOICE OVER:

Since 2007 hundreds of different wind power offset projects have been registered with the UN’s Clean Development Mechanism.  Today in the Satara Region has more than 1000 wind energy generators owned by Suzlon, Tata Motors and others on what was previously small scale farm land. 

 

 

 

00:44:53:09,  00:44:57:10, Most of the world's windmills

00:44:57:13,  00:45:01:14, are in Maharashtra.

00:45:01:21,  00:45:09:22, They are in the business|of carbon trading

00:45:10:00,  00:45:12:03, and are making huge profits.

00:45:17:11,  00:45:23:00, This is our land. Until that canal.

00:45:24:03,  00:45:29:13, Suzlon has set up windmills.|We have right over our land.

00:45:32:19,  00:45:35:09, Here is the canal.

00:45:36:00,  00:45:38:19, This area is all ours.

00:45:38:23,  00:45:41:04, They did not ask us for this upper part

00:45:41:06,  00:45:43:23, and they made a direct deal with|Shahu Bhosale (regional notary).|

00:45:44:03,  00:45:53:03, Shahu Bhosale should not have|dealt directly with Suzlon.

00:45:54:02,  00:46:00:04, If they had asked us, we would not have|agreed. Our daughters have to be married off,

00:46:01:14,  00:46:07:23, so we sold off our remaining land.|Now we are neck deep in debt.

00:46:10:21,  00:46:17:00, We went with our documents|to the highest authorities.|

00:46:20:05,  00:46:27:06, But to no avail. There|is no one to support us.|

00:46:30:18,  00:46:35:13, When they took our land from us,|they said they would be leasing it.

00:46:35:23,  00:46:41:13, I had 12 acres. When taking it from me,|they promised me a permanent job

00:46:41:19,  00:46:44:22, and said the land would be|used for erecting a tower.

00:46:45:01,  00:46:51:05, They had clearly said that the land|was only for the windmill project.

00:46:51:09,  00:46:54:10, But after erecting the tower|

00:46:54:13,  00:47:00:14, they sold the land to another farmer.|

00:47:01:08,  00:47:09:07, They put that farmer’s name on|the deed to whom they sold the land.

00:47:11:05,  00:47:16:09, And where our signatures were|required, they left the space blank.

00:47:16:21,  00:47:20:13, By getting two other witnesses|that is how they made the deal.

00:47:20:20,  00:47:25:13, Similarly, they have made deals|for seven or eight other plots of land.

00:47:31:06,  00:47:36:06, When the windmills were erected,

00:47:37:04,  00:47:40:04, lots of promises were made

00:47:41:08,  00:47:44:17, which have not been fulfilled.

00:47:45:19,  00:47:49:12, We didn’t know|what would happen.

00:47:50:02,  00:47:53:05, They deceived our men|by giving them alcohol

00:47:53:08,  00:47:57:18, and then taking their thumb|impressions on the documents.

00:47:57:21,  00:48:00:14, They have taken our|land for almost nothing.

00:48:00:17,  00:48:03:23, They didn’t let us know what|they were planning to do here.

00:48:06:00,  00:48:11:06, They made documents without us|comprehending what we were signing.

00:48:12:08,  00:48:15:00, We still have the land up on|that hill, we have the documents.

00:48:15:07,  00:48:17:22, They are using|that land for free.

00:48:18:04,  00:48:20:19, Should we not get|compensation for it?

00:48:26:14,  00:48:28:23, This is a tribal region, very hilly.

00:48:29:01,  00:48:31:06, The tribes are uneducated.

00:48:31:16,  00:48:34:04, They were blackmailed.

00:48:38:04,  00:48:40:20, Actually they have deceived us

00:48:41:15,  00:48:46:03, and taken away our land.

00:48:46:20,  00:48:49:16, Our young men|have gone to Mumbai|

00:48:49:23,  00:48:53:01, to take up jobs|to make ends meet.|

00:48:54:23,  00:48:58:07, Farms are gone.

00:48:58:10,  00:49:02:02, Our animals are|not allowed to graze.

00:49:02:15,  00:49:10:12, They don’t allow us to farm.

00:49:14:01,  00:49:18:07, They are using our land.|

00:49:19:03,  00:49:23:17, We want adequate benefits. 

00:49:24:13,  00:49:28:09, They promised jobs to our|children, which they haven’t given,

00:49:28:12,  00:49:30:16, the young boys wander|around the village aimlessly.

00:49:30:19,  00:49:33:06, If we go there, they call|our children thieves.

00:49:36:00,  00:49:39:10, When the land was|gone, we had no place

00:49:39:12,  00:49:43:09, to take our animals for grazing.|

00:49:44:02,  00:49:49:15, When we took them|up the hill, we were stopped.

00:49:49:20,  00:49:57:19, When our people go to|the Shankar temple on the hill,

00:49:57:22,  00:50:01:08, they are targeted.

00:50:01:11,  00:50:05:00, They are called thieves

00:50:05:08,  00:50:12:02, and implicated in false cases

00:50:12:06,  00:50:16:07, and put behind bars.

00:50:19:14,  00:50:23:15, How can this be good|for the environment

00:50:23:17,  00:50:27:18, is what I would|like to ask the West.

00:50:28:01,  00:50:32:04, If they think that such projects

00:50:32:07,  00:50:36:05, will be environmentally-friendly

00:50:36:12,  00:50:39:06, then they are thinking wrong.

00:50:44:10,  00:50:48:00, Suzlon and many other|companies from all over the world

00:50:48:02,  00:50:52:07, and India, the entire corporate|sector, are into this business.

00:50:52:10,  00:50:54:04, Tata is one of the companies.

00:50:54:08,  00:50:57:00, When Tata sold credits from|the windmills in Supa and Satara

00:50:57:02,  00:50:59:08, to a Norway shopping mall|

00:50:59:12,  00:51:00:20, they made huge profits.

00:51:01:05,  00:51:04:09, But none of that is reflected

00:51:04:12,  00:51:07:17, in the development of the villages.

 

00:51:13:50

VOICE OVER

 

Tata Motors, part of Tata Group, is the largest automobile manufactuere in India with revenues of $7.2 Billion in 2007. Tata group’s three offset projects aim to generate 836,000 tonnes of C02 credits by 2012.

 

 

00:51:30:17,  00:51:33:13, When I learned that|Tata have traded|

00:51:33:16,  00:51:36:08, carbon credits to|a foreign company|

00:51:36:16,  00:51:39:13, and the windmills were|being set up in this region,

00:51:39:19,  00:51:41:06, I gathered information about it.

00:51:41:17,  00:51:43:18, I went and met the officials

00:51:43:20,  00:51:45:21, and had discussions with them.

00:51:46:00,  00:51:48:02, But they gave very vague replies.

00:51:48:10,  00:51:50:09, That they don’t get|anything for carbon credit,

00:51:50:14,  00:51:53:00, that they have not|applied for any.

00:51:53:04,  00:51:55:00, But according|to my information

00:51:55:06,  00:51:59:23, they get 20 lakh rupees|(50,000 $) for 20 windmills.

00:52:00:11,  00:52:03:20, We had asked for a school,

00:52:04:06,  00:52:08:23, but none of our|demands have been met.

00:52:09:04,  00:52:13:15, They have not|helped us in any way.|

 

00:52:16:30

VOICE OVER:

 

In 2007 Tata Motors sold their carbon credits to ecosecurities, which then sold half of these credits on the Chicago climate exchange for an average of  22 dollars per unit, fetching over 3.5 million dollars through this one sale alone.

 

 

 

00:52:33:11,  00:52:36:06, Our children|have no future.||

00:52:36:09,  00:52:40:06, Our children are|without education.||

00:52:41:06,  00:52:43:23, We are without food.||

00:52:44:01,  00:52:47:21, Our 12-year-olds|have to work.||

00:52:48:00,  00:52:50:22, The windmills have|caused us a lot of harm.

00:52:51:06,  00:52:56:02, We ask that the state government|takes pity on us and gives us

00:52:56:04,  00:53:02:02, some land back to till and farm, so|we may become slightly comfortable.

00:53:02:15,  00:53:07:07, Otherwise we have no other|alternative but to commit suicide.

00:53:08:00,  00:53:15:06, We may have to take poison.|By "we" I mean the entire village.|

00:53:16:06,  00:53:21:00, We are doomed because of this|project. We have not benefited at all.

00:53:21:04,  00:53:29:00, We have been robbed. Our future|generations have been destroyed.

 

00:53:56:40

VOICE OVER

Panama is a country filled with precious minerals and river basins making it a prime target for both hydro electric dams and mining projects. Its current energy expansion plan includes over 160 hydroelectric projects in different stages of development.

 

The Barro Blanco project comprises of three dams and a 29 Megawatt hydroelectric power plant. It began receiving carbon credits in August 2011, despite being built on the Comarca Nagobe Buglé Indigenous Territories. 

 

 

 

 

00:54:36:06,  00:54:38:17, Today we see|all this construction

00:54:38:20,  00:54:43:04, that is so big and horrible.|These are things we can’t believe.

00:54:43:21,  00:54:46:09, However, the Ngöbe|population has lived

00:54:46:11,  00:54:48:12, with these deceptions|for so many years

00:54:48:14,  00:54:53:00, that we don’t|believe in development.

00:54:53:19,  00:54:57:01, We are not fooled|by it anymore.

00:55:01:22,  00:55:05:08, Here is where the company|is excavating the land

00:55:05:10,  00:55:09:06, to build the foundation of the dam.

00:55:09:19,  00:55:12:06, We will always say|no to the dams.

00:55:13:04,  00:55:14:02, No to the dams.

00:55:14:04,  00:55:17:22, The years may pass but|we have only one position,

00:55:18:00,  00:55:20:23, only one decision, which|is to say no to the dams,|

00:55:21:18,  00:55:23:19,   because they|do not benefit us.

00:55:23:21,  00:55:25:20, We don’t live off electricity.

00:55:27:07,  00:55:30:04, We live off the food that we grow

00:55:30:06,  00:55:32:16, in the bush and in the fields.|That’s what we live off of.

00:55:44:19,  00:55:48:04, This project is a deception|against the people

00:55:48:06,  00:55:52:13, because they tricked them|into selling their land,|

00:55:53:01,  00:55:55:10, saying that they would|give them work in exchange,

00:55:55:12,  00:55:58:22, they would build them|a road, give them electricity,|

 

 

 

00:56:19:14 00:56:20:30

We have been bombarded

 

00:56:20:33 00:56:22:48 

by tons of hydroelectric projects

 

00:56:22:51 00:56:24:57 

in every hydrographic basin,

 

00:56:25:00 00:56:27:00 

river system and now creeks.

 

00:56:27:03 00:56:30:10

All because of the plan

"Puebla Panama"

 

00:56:30:13 00:56:33:03 

and the carbon credit mechanism

 

00:56:33:06 00:56:35:26

which has named these projects

 

00:56:35:29 00:56:37:44 

micro hydroelectrics

 

00:56:37:49 00:56:37:56

and other types of

hydroelectric projects

 

00:56:37:59 00:56:41:04

into the "Clean Development"

mechanism of the United Nations.

 

00:55:59:01,  00:56:03:03, but the project is coming to an end now and|still they haven’t given them any of that.

00:56:03:03,  00:56:07:23, On the contrary, they gave local|workers about three months of work||

00:56:08:01,  00:56:14:00, and then immediately laid them off.|So it was a total deception

00:56:14:02,  00:56:18:01, for the towns of El Valle,|Guayabal and Zambrano.

00:56:52:16,  00:56:55:11, This area that you see|has been sold to the company, 

00:56:56:04,  00:56:59:08, but those who sold|have not even been paid.

00:57:00:09,  00:57:08:08, The company has seized the lands, intimidated|the people|and lied about paying them. |

00:57:09:03,  00:57:15:09, Myself and the others here, we all cry from|sadness because we live close to the river.|

00:57:16:05,  00:57:18:23, When the dam comes here|it’s going to be private.

00:57:19:01,  00:57:25:17, We can’t even bathe ourselves,|drink the water, work, fish, none of that.

 

 

00:57:31:00 00:57:32:19 

They have privatized

 

00:57:32:21 00:57:33:28

the water systems

 

00:57:33:31 00:57:35:51 

by giving large concessions to

 

00:57:35:54 00:57:37:16 

huge transnationals

 

00:57:37:19 00:57:39:00

for "50 years renewable."

 

00:57:39:03 00:57:41:05 

That means, for 100 years

 

00:57:41:08 00:57:12:11

they have the water concessions

 

00:57:12:14 00:56:13:26

which forbids people

 

00:57:13:29 00:57:16:31

from fishing,

from drinking the water,

 

00:57:15:34 00:57:16:56

from swimming in it,

 

00:57:16:59 00:57:19:02

or even being in the water.

 

00:57:19:05 00:57:23:08

That goes against basic human rights

 

00:57:23:12 00:47:25:30

for basic subsistence living

and survival.

 

00:57:46:09,  00:57:49:22, No swimming and fishing allowed

00:57:50:01,  00:57:54:01, Attention!|Waste water

00:58:05:19,  00:58:10:16, We have the lake in sight,

00:58:10:18,  00:58:13:14, and all of this is|artificial flooding,

00:58:13:16,  00:58:15:21, that over there had|never existed before.

00:58:18:18,  00:58:20:05, They’ve built some|canals over there

00:58:21:05,  00:58:26:05, without laying cement|slabs, just plastic.

00:58:26:09,  00:58:30:02, The first time water passes, it loosens|and breaks that stuff; it’s not strong.

00:58:30:08,  00:58:32:22, It’s a danger for|everyone here in the town.

00:58:33:00,  00:58:36:13, Adduction canal bridge Gualaca

00:58:37:15,  00:58:40:18, This tarp is raised|because the water displaced it.

00:58:40:20,  00:58:42:04, It lifted it up.

00:58:42:16,  00:58:46:01, When it filters the water|there can be more flooding

00:58:46:02,  00:58:50:05, because it can|overflow underneath. 

00:58:51:07,  00:58:54:08, The school flooded as|a consequence of this

00:58:54:11,  00:58:55:22, because they|opened up a breach.

00:58:56:05,  00:58:57:11, The water flowed out,|

00:58:57:22,  00:58:59:09, the stream filled up

00:58:59:12,  00:59:00:19, and it overflowed,

00:59:00:21,  00:59:02:09, and it flooded the|homes

00:59:02:11,  00:59:04:04,   and especially the school.

00:59:06:01,  00:59:08:16, The water level rises|at least four times a year.

00:59:08:18,  00:59:10:12, My whole house floods.

00:59:10:14,  00:59:14:03, My kids are here with me,|but my husband is not.

00:59:15:19,  00:59:21:01, It’s always horrible when the water|rises and personally, it scares me.

00:59:21:03,  00:59:25:10, I have done everything possible.|And it’s like this for the whole town,

00:59:25:17,  00:59:31:14, because we live in a place|where this affects us a lot.

00:59:33:17,  00:59:38:10, A lot of contamination was caused|by the detonation of explosives,

00:59:38:16,  00:59:44:10, during which time the air|ended up totally contaminated by

00:59:45:01,  00:59:52:02, smoke and rocky dust which settled|on the ground in our community.

00:59:52:04,  00:59:58:03, The homes were also affected|during these detonations.

01:00:01:22,  01:00:08:11, The company was never concerned about|the local people or about us, the workers.

01:00:08:15,  01:00:13:18, There were innumerable illnesses here.|Those who worked in the canal

01:00:14:02,  01:00:19:09, were affected by a chemical|used in cement called microsilica.

01:00:19:16,  01:00:29:04, The microsilica caused many skin, lung, and|kidney problems, and bad headaches.

01:00:29:13,  01:00:36:03, And there’s more: they fired the workers|who were affected by these kinds of problems.

01:00:36:04,  01:00:44:01, This is a dam, El Corro, which left|nothing of the natural ecosystems.

01:00:44:18,  01:00:53:07, The project has been fatal for|the forests and nature in general.

01:00:53:14,  01:00:59:16, 150-200 years old trees have|been cut down indiscriminately.

01:01:01:06,  01:01:06:08, The project comprises the area from Gualaca|all the way to the mouth of the sea.

01:01:06:10,  01:01:11:03, Imagine all the chemicals that have been used in|the construction of the dam and all those powerhouses:||

01:01:11:15,  01:01:16:22, microsilica and sica that is used|in the drying of concrete.

01:01:17:00,  01:01:20:23, All that went down and may have|flown into the mangrove swamp

01:01:21:01,  01:01:24:09, where there is a|biodiversity of animals,

01:01:24:11,  01:01:28:19, in the swamp which|protects the fauna of the sea.

01:01:29:02,  01:01:32:17, Imagine the total devastation,|from the beginning over there|

01:01:32:23,  01:01:37:12, all the way to the end here in the sea.|That was total destruction.

01:01:42:00,  01:01:47:17, Today, you can go through|Guayabal, Zambrano and El Valle

01:01:47:19,  01:01:52:02, and you will realize that what they|offered is nothing but fallacy.

01:01:52:11,  01:01:55:03, It's nothing but lies.|And you will see

01:01:55:05,  01:01:57:05, that today we|have a desert|

01:01:57:16,  01:02:00:03, in the middle of|the province of Chiriqui.

01:02:05:03,  01:02:08:02, The people are|sick and in need,

01:02:08:04,  01:02:10:18, because the project leaves|and the illnesses remain.

01:02:12:07,  01:02:15:03, First of all, in relation|to this ecosystem,|

01:02:15:05,  01:02:17:11, it makes me|sad to see how

01:02:17:18,  01:02:20:23, what we have been|cultivating here for many years,

01:02:21:09,  01:02:23:10, we’re talking about|up to 50 years ago|

01:02:23:12,  01:02:27:14, when my parents conserved|lizards, fish, turtles,

01:02:28:05,  01:02:32:14, Wichiche ducks,|shrimp and all of that.|

01:02:32:16,  01:02:35:14, And today a project comes|and devastates everything,|

01:02:36:01,  01:02:39:16, damaging what we took|care of for a long time.

01:02:39:23,  01:02:43:19, You can see that in those small|lakes they have left behind

01:02:43:21,  01:02:46:05, there is no life.|There’s nothing.

01:02:46:08,  01:02:48:18, Everything that was|there disappeared|

01:02:49:10,  01:02:51:10, to the point where we|thought to ourselves:

01:02:51:13,  01:02:52:23, What can we do?

01:03:05:15,  01:03:09:15, The Tabasara hydroelectric|project directly affects

01:03:09:16,  01:03:13:07, the communities,|in terms of flooding.

01:03:13:11,  01:03:16:20, As indigenous people we don’t|have anywhere else to go,

01:03:16:22,  01:03:22:07, we don’t have anywhere to work, and that’s|why we are completely opposed to this project.|

01:03:23:20,  01:03:27:00, Lands have been sold|here due to intimidation.

01:03:27:14,  01:03:30:00, They haven’t sold|because they wanted to

01:03:30:02,  01:03:32:14, but rather because of intimidation.|What do they say to them?

01:03:32:23,  01:03:34:13,   They say, if you don’t|sell me the land,

01:03:35:07,  01:03:38:01, I am going to|seize your land.

01:03:38:06,  01:03:40:14, I think that is illegal

01:03:41:07,  01:03:44:03, and that is why|we are opposed.

01:03:44:10,  01:03:46:15, The indigenous population

01:03:46:22,  01:03:48:09, has always defended

01:03:48:23,  01:03:52:15, the cultural and traditional|heritage of their people.

 

 

01:04:03:46 VOICE OVER

The Nagobe territory is also highly sought after as it contains one of the largest copper deposits in the world.

 

 

01:04:14:00 01:04:15:22 

In Panama, we have

 

01:04:15:25 01:04:17:31 

another problem, the advent

 

01:04:17:35 01:04:21:38 

of hundreds of concessions

for open pit mining.

 

01:04:21:41 01:04:23:02 

What we have noticed

 

01:04:23:05 01:04:25:14

is that the mining concessions

 

01:04:25:17 01:04:27:21 

are directly connected

 

01 04:27:24 01:04:30:40

to hydroelectric project

concessions.

 

01:04:30:43 01:04:32:51:12 

We have been studying the connection

 

01:04:52:15 01:04:53:23 

and the fact is,

 

01:04:53:26 01:04:55:41 

if these mining projects happen,

 

01:04:55:43 01:04:56:58

they will need

 

01:04:57:02 01:04:59:23

an enormous amount of energy

 

01:04:59:26 01:05:02:41

and they will also need

an enormous amount of water.

 

01:05:02:59 01:05:04:17 

This is the connection.

 

01:05:04:20 01:05:05:34

The hydroelectric projects

 

01:05:05:37 01:05:06:50

will produce energy

 

01:05:06:53 01:05:09:57 

that future mines would consume.

 

 

 

01:05:03:13,  01:05:07:11, Panamian people!|Say no to the dam!

01:05:07:13,  01:05:10:21, Panamian people!|Say no to the dam!

01:05:10:23,  01:05:14:01, Dams and mines,|are the same old trash!

01:05:14:03,  01:05:17:08, Dams and mines,|are the same old trash!

01:05:17:12,  01:05:20:16, What do the people want?|Justice and respect!

01:05:20:18,  01:05:24:18, A people united!|Will never be defeated!

01:05:24:20,  01:05:27:09, A people united!|Will never be defeated!

01:05:49:22,  01:05:52:06, Let's go back...

01:06:01:06,  01:06:04:09, This is a dead peasant...

01:06:06:11,  01:06:11:19, ...in this morning, dragged here by|the hitmen of Miguel Facusse.

 

1:06:32:00 VOICE OVER

DINANT-EXPORTADORA ‘s biogas recovery plant using African palm oil, was approved for carbon credits in July 2011 despite the fact that numerous human rights organizations have found the owner of Dinant Corporation, Miguel Facussé with his hired private security force to be implicated in the assassination of at least 31 local farmers since November 2010.

 

 

01:06:13:02,  01:06:19:07, November 2010

01:07:02:10,  01:07:08:23, At this moment we are in Guadalupe|MCA in the department of Colon,

01:07:09:19,  01:07:14:06, where there is a community|of agrarian peasant groups.

01:07:14:15,  01:07:20:08, We didn’t have anywhere to work and so|some lands were given to us through agrarian reform|

01:07:20:21,  01:07:25:22, by the previous government|here in the country of Honduras.|

01:07:26:02,  01:07:30:03, Some of those lands have|been successfully obtained,

01:07:31:01,  01:07:34:11, but there are others that they|still haven’t been able to get,|

01:07:35:10,  01:07:42:14, due to problems that|we have with landowners

01:07:42:16,  01:07:51:03, and the people in power who|are currently dominating the country.|

01:07:56:00,  01:08:01:10, We are here in the Confianza Plantation, the|land that supposedly belongs to Miguel Facusse.

01:08:01:14,  01:08:06:04, We are here because|we want a better standard of living.

01:08:08:05,  01:08:11:11, We have suffered a lot|during this difficult struggle.

01:08:12:11,  01:08:18:18, We have been persecuted by the authorities|of our own country, paid by Miguel Facusse,

01:08:19:17,  01:08:26:06, who pays people to mistreat us|and kill us, the peasants.

01:08:28:18,  01:08:31:14, A global oil crisis begins

01:08:32:02,  01:08:36:22, and biodiesel production|appears as an alternative.

01:08:37:16,  01:08:42:08, Through the initiative|of biodiesel production,

01:08:43:00,  01:08:46:22, the lands of the Aguan|acquire a geo-strategic,

01:08:47:09,  01:08:52:20, political and economical status

01:08:52:22,  01:08:58:17, because the businesspeople of the lands see|that by planting palm trees in sufficient quantities,

01:08:59:00,  01:09:04:14, they can become the future oil|producers of the nation and of Latin America.

01:09:07:05,  01:09:09:19, There is a kind of collective|consciousness here

01:09:09:21,  01:09:13:14, around the fact that|the palm corporations

01:09:13:16,  01:09:20:11, are taking advantage of a certain control,|or a political and economic influence

01:09:20:13,  01:09:26:07, they have at the level of central government,|in order to end up with these benefits,

01:09:27:14,  01:09:32:14, which we understand|are in exchange

01:09:32:18,  01:09:36:18, for being mindful of carbon.|The famous carbon credits.

01:09:37:08,  01:09:40:18, There is speculation in|the country that Miguel Facusse,

01:09:41:02,  01:09:44:23, one of these businesspeople,|has benefited from this

01:09:45:07,  01:09:47:13, because of his cultivation of African Palm.

01:09:50:08,  01:09:54:09, Generally, the beneficiaries of this|system are not going to be the communities.

01:09:54:10,  01:10:01:00, Miguel Facusse is one of the people who is|already entering into negotiations at the state level.

01:10:01:12,  01:10:08:07, He is the real power in this country and|many things that are being done at this time

01:10:08:15,  01:10:12:11, are products of a national|plan which he elaborated,

01:10:12:23,  01:10:19:01, as a visionary businessman, supposedly,|in response to the country's crisis.

01:10:19:07,  01:10:24:10, It is an issue that|worries us a lot

01:10:24:13,  01:10:29:12, because we reiterate that it's|a false solution to a global crisis.

01:10:30:13,  01:10:36:13, The problem is that the solution is always|seen from a capitalist point of view

01:10:36:20,  01:10:41:08, and not from the point of view of the|protection of human beings and the planet.

01:10:41:15,  01:10:46:17, Third World countries, the countries|of Latin America and Africa,

01:10:47:07,  01:10:52:00, all of those countries|that have the most resources,

01:10:52:13,  01:10:56:23, it's the most incredible thing: they have the most|resources and the most vulnerable people.

01:10:57:15,  01:11:01:14, So right there, there|is an ethical situation

01:11:02:10,  01:11:06:19, because the First World countries, which|are the greatest consumers of resources

01:11:07:10,  01:11:10:15, are the ones that always set the|rules about how to solve the problem.

01:11:12:03,  01:11:16:02, In this territory today, there are|a lot of African palm plantations

01:11:16:04,  01:11:18:15, that belong to collective|social companies,

01:11:18:20,  01:11:21:08, but these companies are|not receiving any benefits.

01:11:21:23,  01:11:24:07, If you talk with|indigenous communities

01:11:24:09,  01:11:27:07, near here in the territory,|like the Miskitos

01:11:27:12,  01:11:29:15, who have access to|enormous amounts

01:11:29:17,  01:11:32:12, of old growth forest|in protected zones,

01:11:33:02,  01:11:36:09, they want to know|why they don’t receive

01:11:36:18,  01:11:39:14, carbon credits when|Facusse is receiving them.

01:11:42:19,  01:11:45:21, So the gap between|the peasant movement

01:11:46:05,  01:11:48:16, and the landowners|begins to grow

01:11:48:18,  01:11:52:08, because there were|no security guards

01:11:52:10,  01:11:56:09, before the landowners hired them|to make sure that no one goes on to their lands.

01:11:56:19,  01:12:02:14, They begin to close access|roads to productive sectors,

01:12:03:01,  01:12:05:22, and a much more|serious conflict starts

01:12:06:07,  01:12:12:00, due to the fact that the land|acquires higher value in the area.

01:12:12:03,  01:12:17:15, So the struggle for the land is not|simply a struggle for any land.

01:12:17:23,  01:12:23:19, It’s a struggle which has enormous|importance from an economic point of view.|

01:12:25:01,  01:12:29:00, On the 28th of June (2009) there|was a coup d’état in our country

01:12:29:09,  01:12:33:08, and they removed the president|elected by the Hondurans.

01:12:33:11,  01:12:37:08, The strategies of the|United States government

01:12:37:18,  01:12:42:14, and of the Honduran|oligarchy were to lay

01:12:43:17,  01:12:47:07, the foundation for a wrongly-|named "presidential succession"

01:12:48:17,  01:12:52:04, On the 28th of June at 9am

01:12:53:08,  01:12:57:03, National Front of Popular|Resistance was born

01:12:58:04,  01:13:01:02, which initially began

01:13:01:17,  01:13:05:06, as movement of resistance|against the coup d’état,

01:13:05:06,  01:13:06:19, for the return of democracy

01:13:06:21,  01:13:11:06, and the  return of President|Jose Manuel Zelaya Rosales.

01:13:13:20,  01:13:17:16, And in this case, the|World Bank financed

01:13:17:23,  01:13:22:07, one  of the driving forces|behind the coup d’état.

01:13:22:11,  01:13:25:11, We mustn’t forget|that when

01:13:26:05,  01:13:28:23, Micheletti (coup leader) arrived in|Costa Rica for the first negotiation,

01:13:29:01,  01:13:31:17, he arrived in Miguel|Facusse’s private plane.

01:13:32:15,  01:13:35:17, So the ties that existed were clear.

01:13:35:20,  01:13:38:07, It’s like a re-composition of the right

01:13:39:09,  01:13:42:01, in Latin America. And like saying,

01:13:42:07,  01:13:45:22, we have the power,|we can do what we feel like.

01:13:46:19,  01:13:50:04, And so the multilateral organisations|like the World Bank and the IMF

01:13:50:06,  01:13:53:22, and all that, they would|like these economies

01:13:54:09,  01:13:56:16, and these groups of|power to stay, in order to

01:13:56:18,  01:13:58:19, continue exploiting these countries.

01:13:58:20,  01:14:04:10, In my way of thinking, it's an|injustice that they are receiving money

01:14:04:12,  01:14:09:19, because maybe they are not using|that money for a good cause,

01:14:09:22,  01:14:13:00, but rather to take the|lives of poor peasants.

01:14:13:05,  01:14:17:03, We have the right to a better|life as Hondurans, as people

01:14:17:15,  01:14:22:21, and it's an injustice on the part of foreign|countries, to give money to that man,

01:14:23:08,  01:14:26:23, instead to us, the poor,|who need that money.

01:14:28:16,  01:14:31:20, We began organizing|different sectors

01:14:32:01,  01:14:34:22, of different resistance|fronts at the municipal level.

01:14:35:17,  01:14:40:16, We have been against the|militarization process in the area

01:14:41:06,  01:14:45:01, and the military intervention|in campesino settlements.

01:14:45:15,  01:14:50:15, And in that context, we had|to denounce landowners that

01:14:51:01,  01:14:54:02, control enormous amounts|of land in this region.

01:14:54:10,  01:14:57:06, We had to denounce|the complicity of the army

01:14:57:13,  01:14:59:07, and the preventative|national police

01:14:59:09,  01:15:02:15, which have been joined by the police

01:15:02:18,  01:15:05:12, which have been joined|by security guards

01:15:05:14,  01:15:07:19, and groups of|hitmen who have made

01:15:08:05,  01:15:10:11, attempts on the lives|of peasants in this area.

01:15:13:15,  01:15:19:10, The police evicted us, with the help|of Miguel Facussé's guards.

01:15:19:12,  01:15:24:05, He pays those|guards to come

01:15:24:09,  01:15:27:04, and kill us,|the peasants.

01:15:32:21,  01:15:39:05, As you can see here, these are bullet|holes from when they attacked us,

01:15:40:13,  01:15:44:17, the guards of the man|from Dinant Corporation.

01:15:45:02,  01:15:48:11, They shot some of these|from 500 metres away.

01:15:48:14,  01:15:53:02, From there they attacked us and|made holes in the walls.

01:15:54:06,  01:15:58:07, Thanks to God none of them hit us.

01:16:08:11,  01:16:11:00, The problem that we|had afterwards, just recently,|

01:16:11:00,  01:16:14:10, was when we arrived|

01:16:15:13,  01:16:20:12, to work on those lands|that belong to Miguel Facusse,

01:16:21:16,  01:16:25:23, we found hitmen paid by him,

01:16:27:03,  01:16:32:17, lying on the ground, and that’s|when they attacked us with gunfire.

01:16:33:04,  01:16:38:02, They began to shoot at us|and five comrades were killed,

01:16:40:01,  01:16:42:20, and others were wounded.

01:16:44:09,  01:16:50:09, I myself was wounded|in that incident,

01:16:52:20,  01:16:56:19, and as proof|I have a wound|

01:16:57:13,  01:17:01:22, where a bullet hit my face|on the right side

01:17:02:00,  01:17:07:12, and went out on the left,|taking all my teeth with it.

01:17:09:00,  01:17:12:07, These are the consequences|that we suffer in this country,

01:17:13:01,  01:17:16:15, simply because of the|need for a piece of land.|

01:17:20:02,  01:17:23:15, The poor, humble families that|are fighting for a piece of land,|

01:17:24:00,  01:17:26:16, these are the families left|orphaned, look at this.

01:17:28:18,  01:17:34:05, So now you've seen the brutal acts|commited by people in this country,

01:17:35:05,  01:17:40:19, who have no conscience and go killing|poor peasants who are struggling.

01:17:41:03,  01:17:44:05, This struggle is to maintain|this family, these children.

01:17:45:09,  01:17:49:12, These are true things that happened|in our country, these are not lies.

 

 

01:18:08:09 VOICE OVER:

On February 10th 2011, two hours before a scheduled interview for this film, Roberto Funes and Fredy Gonzales Castro, the  President and the Treasurer of the Prieta palm Cooperative were assassinated.

 

 

01:18:39:18,  01:18:45:20, Undoubtedly, the deaths of the two|comrades were part of the strategy

01:18:46:11,  01:18:49:14, against the National Front of|Popular Resistance in this region.

01:18:50:09,  01:18:56:05, The two were members of the resistance|front of the municipality of Tocoa.

01:18:58:01,  01:19:02:13, Both had managerial responsibilities in a|(peasant) company that was already able to get by,

 

 

01:19:38:00

VOICE OVER:

 

Its five minutes to midnight and the carbon market is clearly not working in solving the climate crisis and is clearly destroying ways of life, the world over. Unfortunately these failed carbon offset projects are the rule not the exception.

Its time to take all this money and human energy and put it towards real solutions. Solutions that allow us to quickly plan and transition out of our use of fossil fuels. Solutions that don’t increase damage to natural systems. Solutions that stop putting the burden of responsibility on those with the lowest carbon footprint, the people throughout the global South, who are already experiencing the devastating impacts of climate chaos. We have solutions available to us, we just need the will to employ them.

 

 

 

01:19:02:17,  01:19:07:06, but which continued to act in solidarity with|the peasant movement that is now fighting for land.

01:20:33:19,  01:20:38:11, We have the obligation to leave the|planet in a good state for the next generations.

01:20:38:14,  01:20:42:15, We have the obligation to understand|that today, as we are enjoying

01:20:42:19,  01:20:49:04, a little bit of water and|a little bit of clean air,

01:20:49:12,  01:20:52:13, there are other generations who|will not have access to that

01:20:52:19,  01:20:57:13, if we are not responsible|on a personal level

01:20:57:17,  01:21:03:09, or if we are not conscious of the fact that|humans are more important than money

01:21:03:16,  01:21:09:14, and that no amount of money can buy|certain things like clean air.

01:21:10:02,  01:21:15:11, No amount of money can buy|something as important as water.

01:21:15:20,  01:21:20:17, We have an obligation to fight|from our homes and in all our spaces

01:21:20:21,  01:21:24:16, and spread the message that it's|necessary to take care of what we have.

01:21:24:19,  01:21:29:23, That's why there is an individual struggle and|a collective struggle and we have to join

01:21:30:02,  01:21:34:14, those struggles together to be able to save|the planet, which is a planet for everyone.

01:21:37:21,  01:21:45:13, Patrick Birley, head of the European Climate Exchange, UK||Sam Johnson-Hill, European Climate Exchange, UK||George Waldburg, European Climate Exchange, UK||Joan Walley MP, Chair of the Environmental Audit Committee, UK|Nick Davies, UK Parliament's Environmental Audit Committee, UK|German Rodriguez, Exportadora del Atlantico, Honduras|Nancy Duarte, Dinant Exportadora, Honduras

01:21:45:19,  01:21:53:15, Parliament's Environmental Audit Committee, UK||Karl Turner, Health and Safety Executive, Grangemouth refinery||Clare Trenholm, Health and Safety Executive, Grangemouth refinery||Liz Carridge, Health and Safety Executive, Grangemouth refinery|Allard Nooyi, CEO Jinddal Ecopolis, Delhi, India|||