WEBVTT

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[music]

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At the end of the 19th century,

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groups of Patagonians and Fueguinos
were taken against their will

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to European Human Zoos. These
were shows where Africans,

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Asians and Native Americans
were exhibited as savages

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before audiences that paid to see them.

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Christian Báez has researched for years the
photographs that were taken of these people

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from the end of the world. When
I saw them, I started wondering

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how did they get there, who
had captured these images

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without suspecting the long earning
they would have over time.

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We Chileans half-Indian half-European,

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how do we look at these forgotten pictures.

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Do we have any responsibility
in how they originated?

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[sil.]

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[music]

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[music]

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[music]

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[sil.]

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[music]

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Later, Hagenbeck exhibited them

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in (inaudible) and Berlin. This
man identified as Pitioche,

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suffered a severe depression.
After two months in Germany,

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he and the other two Tehuelches
were returned to Patagonia.

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This was the first of
three forgotten episodes.

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Curiously none of them
appear in our history books.

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[sil.]

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[music]

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We decided to follow through Europe,

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the route of this Kawésqar culture
Fueguinos, who appear in the photographs.

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Now we look for their descendants.

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Celena Llan Llán and Haydeė Aguila
grew up here in family stories

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that told of epidemics,
captures, and disappearances.

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They listened carefully
to the news of our trip.

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[music]

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[music]

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[music]

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[sil.]

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[music]

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[music]

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At the ethnographic museum of Berlin,
we found dozens of implements of

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non-European people. I wonder
how these objects got here.

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A place that is now head quarters of

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the same scientific group that
supported Hagenbeck’s actions.

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The Berlin Society of Anthropology,
Ethnology and pre history.

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[sil.]

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[music]

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[music]

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[music]

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[sil.]

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Five adults and four children
arrived to Europe. In this picture

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by an anonymous author, a boy stands out.

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He was called Calafate, after a common
fruit of the Magallanes region.

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Along with him, we have his capture

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and may be his parents, brothers
and sisters. How was this

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and other groups departure possible on a territory
on the Chilean authorities jurisdiction,

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neither Calafate nor his
companions had any notion

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about the place they were taken to. Even
less of importance of this picture.

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[sil.]

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They were moved to London, to a showroom,
today turned into an evangelic church.

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Their exhibition was turned
down for being inhumane.

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And the British foreign ministry asked
for Chilean Diplomatic intervention.

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That reacted timidly.

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A Selk’nam woman, got
seriously sick and died.

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[music]

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[music]

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[sil.]

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In Brussels, while they were exhibited
at an amusement fair by Maitre,

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the police came and took them to jail.
Apparently, as illegal immigrants.

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Maitre fled and the Chilean
council was requested

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but he did not take actions in the matter.

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[music]

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At the port of Dover, they
were shipped to Punta Arenas.

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Surprisingly, Calafate was authorized to
stay in Europe by the Chilean council.

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It is hard to understand the actions of the
government authorities in this matter.

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But their attitudes are no
exception in Chile’s history.

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[sil.]

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[music]

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[music]

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Dawson island is a place that seems to be

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marked by destiny. It gave
shelter to an indigenous mission

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by the Magellan Strait. An
almost a 100 years later,

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in 1973, it so,

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(inaudible)concentration camp
for political prisoners rose.

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Not only Calafate lived his last
days on this island but four other

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Zurich Kawésqar survivors
were brought here as well.

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[sil.]

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Calafate is the only one

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who after returning from Europe, left
a trace of his existence in history.

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But the rest are still waiting to return.

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Upon our arrival from Zurich,

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in March 2008. We informed
the Chilean government

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about the finding of Kawésqar’s skeletons.
With the purpose of promoting the return

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to the Magellan Strait. A year later we
had had conversations and made efforts

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before more than a dozen employees
of different ministries.

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Due to the lack of concrete
answers, the swiss anthropologists

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ask us to establish contact directly
with the Kawésqar descendents.

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[sil.]

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[sil.]

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At the end of the 19th century, while they were disappearing,
Patagonians and Fueguinos started to be photographed.

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No one can assure this was
done with their consent.

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Their will was being less
respected every day.

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This was confirmed by
our revealing finding,

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their presence in the European human zoos,
was authorized by the Chilean government

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on a request from a German
chancellor Otto von Bismarck.

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Only after disapproval, the captors
of the three groups exhibited

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and photographed were carried out.

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In this letter, Chili’s foreign affairs minister
tells (inaudible) ambassador of the German empire,

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that he will give orders to
Magallanes government authorities

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to allow Mr. Hagenbeck
or his representative

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to transport one or more specimens
of Patagonians or Fueguinos.

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Jose Alfonso, minister of foreign
affairs and colonization.

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This letter puts under way
the operation which meant

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the captor of three
Tehuelches, 11 Kawésqars,

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and 11 Selk’nams, a total of 25 people.

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[sil.]

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In September 2009, when
the restitution process

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seem to have been activated,
the government incorporated

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the indigenous affairs office of
Punta Arenas. This office organized

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a delegation to go to Switzerland,
led by the director of that office.

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Celina Llan Llán was not included.

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[sil.]

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[sil.]

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[music]

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[sil.]

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[non-English narration]

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[sil.]

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[sil.]

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[music]

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What is the real position of us, the Chileans,
towards our indigenous (inaudible)?

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On what side of the
picture are we in today?

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[music]

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[sil.]

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[music]

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A hundred years later,

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the Kawésqar group is exhibited
and photographed again.

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[music]

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[sil.]

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The Kawésqar group

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was abducted at (inaudible)
bay, on the Magellan’s Strait.

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Here a 128 years later,
their remains return.

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The Fueguino community formed
by Kawésqars and Eganas,

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decided not to submit them to DNA testing.

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And said their last farewell in
the intimacy of sacred grounds.

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[music]

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[music]

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[music]

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