00:00:01.067 --> 00:00:03.267
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[Music]

00:00:09.500 --> 00:00:10.700
Pati, voice-over:
The diversity

00:00:10.700 --> 00:00:12.133
of la frontera is
what gives it

00:00:12.133 --> 00:00:14.967
a never-ending flow
of possibilities.

00:00:14.967 --> 00:00:17.167
The people,

00:00:17.167 --> 00:00:19.233
the communities,

00:00:19.233 --> 00:00:21.967
the ecosystems,
all thrive many times

00:00:21.967 --> 00:00:24.567
against the odds when
they can seamlessly flow

00:00:24.567 --> 00:00:27.433
and collaborate
between borders.

00:00:27.433 --> 00:00:28.433
Pati: What a treasure.

00:00:28.433 --> 00:00:30.267
I know.

00:00:30.267 --> 00:00:32.100
Pati, voice-over:
Between Sonora and Arizona,

00:00:32.100 --> 00:00:33.933
and New Mexico
and Chihuahua

00:00:33.933 --> 00:00:36.633
are some of the most unique
and even biodiverse

00:00:36.633 --> 00:00:38.233
places along the border.

00:00:38.233 --> 00:00:39.500
Woman: Tres.

00:00:40.567 --> 00:00:42.500
Pati, voice-over: Can we
design spaces that bring

00:00:42.500 --> 00:00:43.867
communities together?

00:00:43.867 --> 00:00:45.433
Pati:
Oh, it can go fast.

00:00:45.433 --> 00:00:46.700
Man:
Oh, it'll go fast.

00:00:46.700 --> 00:00:48.033
Pati, voice-over:
How does billions

00:00:48.033 --> 00:00:49.467
in free trade
allow both nations

00:00:49.467 --> 00:00:50.933
to prosper
economically?

00:00:50.933 --> 00:00:53.833
Without the U.S., Mexico
wouldn't be the same.

00:00:53.833 --> 00:00:55.300
And without Mexico,

00:00:55.300 --> 00:00:57.600
the United States
wouldn't be the same.

00:00:57.600 --> 00:00:58.967
Pati, voice-over:
What is the impact

00:00:58.967 --> 00:01:00.733
of a more integrated
school system

00:01:00.733 --> 00:01:03.233
on our binational and
bicultural communities?

00:01:03.233 --> 00:01:06.267
And from a Mexican chef
who has been eating spice

00:01:06.267 --> 00:01:07.633
her entire life,

00:01:07.633 --> 00:01:09.400
how can a town
in the United States

00:01:09.400 --> 00:01:12.967
possibly call itself the
chile capital of the world?

00:01:12.967 --> 00:01:15.333
People here are just
like the Hatch chiles,

00:01:15.333 --> 00:01:16.667
bold and strong.

00:01:16.667 --> 00:01:18.133
Pati, voice-over:
In this episode,

00:01:18.133 --> 00:01:19.667
I'm going back to
the middle of the map

00:01:19.667 --> 00:01:21.333
and even a little
back in time

00:01:21.333 --> 00:01:23.700
to connect to where I
started last season

00:01:23.700 --> 00:01:26.700
completing my journey
through the borderlands.

00:01:29.367 --> 00:01:31.500
Una, dos, tres.

00:01:32.467 --> 00:01:34.200
Pati, voice-over:
I'm Pati Jinich.

00:01:34.200 --> 00:01:35.500
I'm a chef,

00:01:35.500 --> 00:01:36.967
a writer,
an immigrant.

00:01:36.967 --> 00:01:38.667
On this season,
I'm traveling

00:01:38.667 --> 00:01:40.100
the border
from California

00:01:40.100 --> 00:01:42.233
and Baja to New Mexico
and Chihuahua

00:01:42.233 --> 00:01:44.667
to uncover the stories
beneath the headlines

00:01:44.667 --> 00:01:46.700
and celebrate the beauty
of the people

00:01:46.700 --> 00:01:48.900
who call themselves
fronterizos.

00:01:48.900 --> 00:01:50.133
Really?

00:01:50.133 --> 00:01:51.700
Pati, voice-over:
Mexico is my heart.

00:01:51.700 --> 00:01:54.100
The United States is
now my home.

00:01:54.100 --> 00:01:57.933
And in the space between
is La Frontera.

00:02:02.133 --> 00:02:10.967
[Music]

00:02:10.967 --> 00:02:12.800
Pati, voice-over:
This horno or oven is

00:02:12.800 --> 00:02:14.833
a little bit of home
for migrants staying

00:02:14.833 --> 00:02:16.267
at Casa
de la Misericordia

00:02:16.267 --> 00:02:18.667
in Nogales, Sonora.

00:02:18.667 --> 00:02:21.800
And this guy,
Ronald Rael, built it.

00:02:24.667 --> 00:02:26.600
Ronald: This will
have a lot of wood.

00:02:26.600 --> 00:02:28.600
It's gonna get
really hot

00:02:28.600 --> 00:02:30.700
and pretty comfortable,
and you'll wanna hug it.

00:02:30.700 --> 00:02:32.033
Pati: [Laughs]
¿Sí?

00:02:33.900 --> 00:02:35.533
Pati, voice-over: Ron is
an award-winning architect

00:02:35.533 --> 00:02:37.800
and professor
at UC Berkeley

00:02:37.800 --> 00:02:40.300
and specializes in design
that brings communities

00:02:40.300 --> 00:02:41.800
together.

00:02:41.800 --> 00:02:44.800
In 2019, his temporary
Teeter-Totter Wall

00:02:44.800 --> 00:02:46.767
connected kids
on both sides of the border

00:02:46.767 --> 00:02:49.067
in a rare moment
of unity.

00:02:50.267 --> 00:02:53.667
The next year, he teamed up
with the nonprofit, Alight,

00:02:53.667 --> 00:02:55.000
to build hornos at shelters

00:02:55.000 --> 00:02:57.100
along the border
like this one,

00:02:57.100 --> 00:03:00.067
where migrants can make
and share meals together.

00:03:01.300 --> 00:03:06.667
Ron: I think my work here is
about building a community

00:03:06.667 --> 00:03:09.367
that maybe I lost
at one point in my life.

00:03:09.367 --> 00:03:10.500
Pati, voice-over:
Ronald grew up

00:03:10.500 --> 00:03:12.067
in Florida, Colorado,

00:03:12.067 --> 00:03:14.967
which was the U.S.-Mexico
borderlands of the 1840s.

00:03:14.967 --> 00:03:17.000
Ron: When I was young,
everybody in the village

00:03:17.000 --> 00:03:19.900
spoke Spanish,
cooked frijoles,

00:03:19.900 --> 00:03:22.167
cooked chile,
cooked tortillas.

00:03:22.167 --> 00:03:23.433
This is how I grew up

00:03:23.433 --> 00:03:26.833
and then I went away
to college

00:03:26.833 --> 00:03:29.567
and all of my grandmothers,
great-grandmothers

00:03:29.567 --> 00:03:32.267
and my tías and tíos,
they died.

00:03:32.267 --> 00:03:35.533
And I came back from college
and the world changed.

00:03:35.533 --> 00:03:36.833
Nobody's speaking
Spanish anymore.

00:03:36.833 --> 00:03:38.267
Nobody--people
were moving away.

00:03:38.267 --> 00:03:40.833
And so it's a really
beautiful moment, I think,

00:03:40.833 --> 00:03:43.933
of sharing, not only for,
you know, me working here,

00:03:43.933 --> 00:03:47.533
but they're really
helping me.

00:03:47.533 --> 00:03:48.867
Pati, voice-over:
Ron's next idea is

00:03:48.867 --> 00:03:50.567
to use this corner
of the yard

00:03:50.567 --> 00:03:52.833
to put a house made
with 10,000 pounds

00:03:52.833 --> 00:03:55.867
of border wall steel
he calls Casa Unida.

00:03:55.867 --> 00:03:59.433
This is a roof currently kept
at a museum in Arizona.

00:03:59.433 --> 00:04:00.933
Ron: We came up
with this idea

00:04:00.933 --> 00:04:03.133
that it was also
an horno,

00:04:03.133 --> 00:04:04.133
but instead of being...

00:04:04.133 --> 00:04:05.567
[Speaking Spanish]

00:04:05.567 --> 00:04:07.600
it's an horno
for ideas.

00:04:07.600 --> 00:04:10.067
It's a place that we start
to cook ideas

00:04:10.067 --> 00:04:11.300
and thoughts and...

00:04:11.300 --> 00:04:13.100
[Speaking Spanish]

00:04:13.100 --> 00:04:15.700
And it could be a place
where people who come here

00:04:15.700 --> 00:04:17.667
can leave something here
or place something

00:04:17.667 --> 00:04:19.600
where they remember,

00:04:19.600 --> 00:04:21.633
um, this moment
of coming together

00:04:21.633 --> 00:04:23.400
in the community
before they continue on

00:04:23.400 --> 00:04:24.633
in their journey.

00:04:24.633 --> 00:04:26.000
Pati, voice-over:
It was conceived

00:04:26.000 --> 00:04:27.500
through the collaboration
with migrants

00:04:27.500 --> 00:04:29.700
and the shelter director,
Sister Lika,

00:04:29.700 --> 00:04:31.600
a former Catholic nun.

00:04:31.600 --> 00:04:34.600
[Speaking Spanish]

00:04:47.567 --> 00:04:48.900
Pati, voice-over:
Here, at the shelter,

00:04:48.900 --> 00:04:50.267
many people
are seeking asylum

00:04:50.267 --> 00:04:52.067
in the United States.

00:04:52.067 --> 00:04:54.000
They've escaped
horrific violence

00:04:54.000 --> 00:04:58.167
in Central America, Mexico,
and even Africa and India.

00:04:58.167 --> 00:05:00.833
[Speaking Spanish]

00:05:45.300 --> 00:05:46.600
Lika: Sí.

00:05:46.600 --> 00:05:48.900
Hola. Hola.

00:05:48.900 --> 00:05:50.433
Pati, voice-over:
Ron wouldn't have a place

00:05:50.433 --> 00:05:52.433
to put the horno
or Casa Unida

00:05:52.433 --> 00:05:54.033
if it wasn't
for Sister Lika's

00:05:54.033 --> 00:05:55.567
rebellious nature.

00:05:57.567 --> 00:06:00.067
She spent three decades
as a nun traveling

00:06:00.067 --> 00:06:02.067
the world and helping
those in need

00:06:02.067 --> 00:06:03.233
until one day...

00:06:03.233 --> 00:06:04.667
[Speaking Spanish]

00:06:04.667 --> 00:06:06.200
[Laughter]

00:06:06.200 --> 00:06:08.767
[Speaking Spanish]

00:06:15.833 --> 00:06:17.667
Pati, voice-over: The sisters
weren't too thrilled

00:06:17.667 --> 00:06:21.100
that she was always dreaming up
new community projects.

00:06:21.100 --> 00:06:24.067
She left the convent,
but still follows her faith.

00:06:24.067 --> 00:06:27.367
And in 2020, she started
Casa de la Misericordia.

00:06:27.367 --> 00:06:30.167
In only a few short years,
she's given food,

00:06:30.167 --> 00:06:34.600
shelter and schooling
to hundreds of families.

00:06:34.600 --> 00:06:37.167
The shelter will never be
the same as home,

00:06:37.167 --> 00:06:39.100
but there are things
that can help,

00:06:39.100 --> 00:06:40.933
which is why the fire
of the horno

00:06:40.933 --> 00:06:43.467
is a comforting light
in the darkness.

00:06:43.467 --> 00:06:45.500
It brings joy
to their journey.

00:06:45.500 --> 00:06:47.033
And making bread
connects people

00:06:47.033 --> 00:06:49.300
no matter
where they're from.

00:06:49.300 --> 00:06:52.100
[Speaking Spanish]

00:08:09.433 --> 00:08:11.200
Ron: The whole goal
of building this horno

00:08:11.200 --> 00:08:13.600
is to build a community
here in the shelter.

00:08:13.600 --> 00:08:15.567
And we're now gathered
around the horno,

00:08:15.567 --> 00:08:16.933
we can feel
the warmth of it,

00:08:16.933 --> 00:08:20.300
we can smell the beautiful
mesquite wood.

00:08:20.300 --> 00:08:22.500
And there's
many generations

00:08:22.500 --> 00:08:24.433
involved here, making
the masa for the bread

00:08:24.433 --> 00:08:26.700
and they're talking,
they're sharing.

00:08:26.700 --> 00:08:28.833
I'm just watching
the young girl at the end

00:08:28.833 --> 00:08:31.967
looking at the woman
next to her,

00:08:31.967 --> 00:08:34.600
how she's throwing the bread
and how she's making the masa.

00:08:34.600 --> 00:08:36.000
And she's learning.

00:08:36.000 --> 00:08:37.633
She's learning this moment
of making bread

00:08:37.633 --> 00:08:39.000
that she'll remember
the rest of her life.

00:08:39.000 --> 00:08:43.567
And that's how we...
how we make community.

00:08:43.567 --> 00:08:45.800
[Speaking Spanish]

00:08:56.267 --> 00:08:58.200
Pati, voice-over:
If one horno can build

00:08:58.200 --> 00:08:59.600
a community like this,

00:08:59.600 --> 00:09:02.467
imagine what many ovens
could do.

00:09:02.467 --> 00:09:04.833
[Speaking Spanish]

00:09:48.267 --> 00:09:50.567
Pati, voice-over:
So while Ron builds hornos,

00:09:50.567 --> 00:09:53.567
Sister Lika says
she's rebuilding humanity.

00:09:53.567 --> 00:09:56.067
[Speaking Spanish]

00:10:09.967 --> 00:10:11.433
Pati, voice-over:
A mural on the wall

00:10:11.433 --> 00:10:12.833
of Casa
de la Misericordia

00:10:12.833 --> 00:10:14.700
depicts the journey
migrants make.

00:10:14.700 --> 00:10:16.667
People from
different countries,

00:10:16.667 --> 00:10:18.500
but with one common goal:

00:10:18.500 --> 00:10:21.233
to find a safe place
to call home.

00:10:21.233 --> 00:10:27.100
[Music]

00:10:27.100 --> 00:10:28.633
The diversity
of la frontera

00:10:28.633 --> 00:10:30.467
isn't just found
in its people,

00:10:30.467 --> 00:10:34.067
it's also found
in its places.

00:10:34.067 --> 00:10:36.633
At the intersection
of Arizona and Sonora,

00:10:36.633 --> 00:10:38.700
there's one of the most
biodiverse regions

00:10:38.700 --> 00:10:42.200
on the planet:
the Sky Islands.

00:10:42.200 --> 00:10:45.967
This series of isolated
pine-studded mountain ranges

00:10:45.967 --> 00:10:48.400
separated by desert
and grassland

00:10:48.400 --> 00:10:50.567
are home to more
than 7000 species

00:10:50.567 --> 00:10:53.367
of plants and animals.

00:10:53.367 --> 00:10:57.133
Emily: These are really
one of our best tools

00:10:57.133 --> 00:10:59.400
as biologists to
understand which animals

00:10:59.400 --> 00:11:01.067
are in the area.

00:11:01.067 --> 00:11:03.233
Pati, voice-over: Emily Burns
and Bryon Lichtenhan

00:11:03.233 --> 00:11:05.567
are the watchers
of this wilderness.

00:11:05.567 --> 00:11:07.900
Emily: In this 30-mile
stretch of border,

00:11:07.900 --> 00:11:10.667
we have over 50,000
wildlife detections

00:11:10.667 --> 00:11:11.867
on our cameras.

00:11:11.867 --> 00:11:14.433
So they're all around us.

00:11:14.433 --> 00:11:15.700
Pati, voice-over:
As researchers

00:11:15.700 --> 00:11:17.033
for Sky Island Alliance,

00:11:17.033 --> 00:11:19.233
a non-profit
conservation group,

00:11:19.233 --> 00:11:22.233
they've placed dozens
of cameras along the border

00:11:22.233 --> 00:11:25.233
to study the migration
patterns of wildlife.

00:11:25.233 --> 00:11:27.533
Emily: We're trying
to show the world

00:11:27.533 --> 00:11:29.433
that the same species
live in Sonora

00:11:29.433 --> 00:11:31.167
and in Arizona

00:11:31.167 --> 00:11:34.500
and the animals are
moving back and forth,

00:11:34.500 --> 00:11:36.533
looking for water,
looking for food,

00:11:36.533 --> 00:11:38.833
looking for love,
looking for shelter.

00:11:38.833 --> 00:11:40.700
Pati, voice-over:
The cameras, triggered

00:11:40.700 --> 00:11:42.033
by heat and movement

00:11:42.033 --> 00:11:44.333
have captured
rare photographs,

00:11:44.333 --> 00:11:46.567
like the American
kestrel,

00:11:46.567 --> 00:11:48.433
antelope jackrabbits,

00:11:48.433 --> 00:11:49.767
black bears,

00:11:49.767 --> 00:11:51.867
even an animal
I've been dying to meet:

00:11:51.867 --> 00:11:53.700
the prickly porcupine.

00:11:53.700 --> 00:11:56.700
And so, we're looking to
protect these places,

00:11:56.700 --> 00:11:58.467
like this area,
this forest,

00:11:58.467 --> 00:11:59.933
this grassland.

00:11:59.933 --> 00:12:02.133
So that black bear,
and mountain lion

00:12:02.133 --> 00:12:05.633
and when jaguar decides
to come back into the U.S.,

00:12:05.633 --> 00:12:07.333
it has a place
to do that,

00:12:07.333 --> 00:12:08.900
a pathway that
they can find.

00:12:10.000 --> 00:12:11.733
Pati, voice-over:
Two-thirds of Arizona's

00:12:11.733 --> 00:12:14.767
border with Sonora
is blocked with a wall.

00:12:14.767 --> 00:12:17.700
We're standing at one
of the remaining spaces

00:12:17.700 --> 00:12:20.133
where animals
can still pass through.

00:12:21.700 --> 00:12:23.633
Erin: And we're trying
to keep it that way.

00:12:23.633 --> 00:12:25.700
It's--it's calm
and peaceful

00:12:25.700 --> 00:12:27.133
and nature is flowing
back and forth

00:12:27.133 --> 00:12:28.867
as it should,
as it has, you know,

00:12:28.867 --> 00:12:30.733
for countless
generations.

00:12:30.733 --> 00:12:32.300
There is always the risk

00:12:32.300 --> 00:12:34.700
that the government
will put up a wall here

00:12:34.700 --> 00:12:37.800
and that will stop
animals in their tracks.

00:12:38.967 --> 00:12:40.933
Pati, voice-over:
Mining is also a threat.

00:12:40.933 --> 00:12:43.733
With international companies
holding claims to thousands

00:12:43.733 --> 00:12:45.700
of acres of land.

00:12:45.700 --> 00:12:47.633
Copper and lithium
are in demand

00:12:47.633 --> 00:12:49.767
and mining for them
has a big impact

00:12:49.767 --> 00:12:52.367
on the water supply.

00:12:52.367 --> 00:12:55.300
Bryon: Without that water,
the wildlife doesn't exist,

00:12:55.300 --> 00:12:57.233
the birds don't exist,
the plants don't exist,

00:12:57.233 --> 00:12:59.467
and humans are gonna
have a really hard time

00:12:59.467 --> 00:13:01.167
existing too, so.

00:13:01.167 --> 00:13:03.633
Is there a scarcity
of copper and lithium

00:13:03.633 --> 00:13:06.600
that people are looking
for it here?

00:13:06.600 --> 00:13:10.167
There's concentrations
of those metals here.

00:13:10.167 --> 00:13:12.033
I think, for us,

00:13:12.033 --> 00:13:14.300
we see the remarkable
diversity

00:13:14.300 --> 00:13:15.933
on this landscape.

00:13:15.933 --> 00:13:18.700
There are certain habitats,
forests, mountains,

00:13:18.700 --> 00:13:21.833
jaguar country,
that's not replaceable.

00:13:21.833 --> 00:13:24.800
It doesn't mean
no mining ever anywhere,

00:13:24.800 --> 00:13:27.200
but we need to think
about where we're choosing

00:13:27.200 --> 00:13:29.167
to do this extractive work

00:13:29.167 --> 00:13:32.000
that has a serious
and probably fatal impact

00:13:32.000 --> 00:13:34.000
on species that are
really important

00:13:34.000 --> 00:13:35.533
to our planet.

00:13:38.333 --> 00:13:40.833
Pati: And does it tell you
if it's spotted animals?

00:13:40.833 --> 00:13:42.633
Or you just have to go
through all of them?

00:13:42.633 --> 00:13:44.333
Emily: No, we have to look
through all of them.

00:13:44.333 --> 00:13:46.700
Yeah, we look at about
a million photographs a year.

00:13:46.700 --> 00:13:48.267
Yes, there's been
something out here.

00:13:48.267 --> 00:13:52.433
My guess it's probably
we have--had jabalina

00:13:52.433 --> 00:13:53.733
and deer right here

00:13:53.733 --> 00:13:55.000
and sometimes
there's birds

00:13:55.000 --> 00:13:57.433
that fly
over the grass.

00:13:57.433 --> 00:13:58.900
Perhaps
you can tell it,

00:13:58.900 --> 00:14:01.267
that little blur is down
at the bottom, right?

00:14:01.267 --> 00:14:03.933
That's my porcupine.

00:14:03.933 --> 00:14:05.633
Emily:
That would be exciting.

00:14:05.633 --> 00:14:07.800
I'm obsessing about
finding a porcupine.

00:14:07.800 --> 00:14:09.767
And what's your
favorite animal?

00:14:09.767 --> 00:14:12.933
Well, I have
a soft spot for badger.

00:14:12.933 --> 00:14:14.033
What's a badger?

00:14:14.033 --> 00:14:15.433
Badger is like...

00:14:15.433 --> 00:14:16.800
Pati, voice-over:
OK, you guys,

00:14:16.800 --> 00:14:18.600
English is not
my first language.

00:14:18.600 --> 00:14:20.433
I learn new words
every day.

00:14:20.433 --> 00:14:23.200
They're in
the weasel family.

00:14:23.200 --> 00:14:25.000
They're a carnivore.

00:14:25.000 --> 00:14:27.033
Pati, voice-over:
Oh, another word.

00:14:27.033 --> 00:14:28.967
It's a carnivore.

00:14:28.967 --> 00:14:31.367
Pati: You're so in love
with this place

00:14:31.367 --> 00:14:32.833
and I can see why,

00:14:32.833 --> 00:14:35.067
but so many people
don't know about it.

00:14:35.067 --> 00:14:36.800
What's your hope
for the future

00:14:36.800 --> 00:14:38.967
and what do you want
people to know about?

00:14:38.967 --> 00:14:41.600
This is all part of
our shared backyard.

00:14:41.600 --> 00:14:44.233
This is part of
our cultural history,

00:14:44.233 --> 00:14:45.967
our legacy here,

00:14:45.967 --> 00:14:49.133
and I hope people come
and fall in love with it,

00:14:49.133 --> 00:14:50.433
because if they do,

00:14:50.433 --> 00:14:51.867
I know they'll
help protect it.

00:14:51.867 --> 00:14:53.700
Yeah, I love
this view here

00:14:53.700 --> 00:14:55.700
because I think
it's a great example

00:14:55.700 --> 00:14:59.033
of why we call this region
the Sky Islands, you know?

00:14:59.033 --> 00:15:02.333
We're looking back here
and you can see

00:15:02.333 --> 00:15:04.900
how different
these mountains are

00:15:04.900 --> 00:15:06.533
from the grasslands
surrounding them.

00:15:06.533 --> 00:15:08.500
It really looks like
you're looking across

00:15:08.500 --> 00:15:12.133
this sea of grass
to these islands,

00:15:12.133 --> 00:15:15.267
uh, that are forested
with oaks, and firs,

00:15:15.267 --> 00:15:17.700
and pine trees
and everything.

00:15:17.700 --> 00:15:20.833
Emily: Yeah, this is where
wolves run with jaguar.

00:15:22.033 --> 00:15:23.633
Pati, voice-over:
Every direction you look

00:15:23.633 --> 00:15:25.567
is a postcard.

00:15:25.567 --> 00:15:28.033
But there's no food
in sight

00:15:28.033 --> 00:15:30.667
unless you know
where to look.

00:15:30.667 --> 00:15:32.300
Bryon is not only
an expert

00:15:32.300 --> 00:15:33.667
on tracking animals.

00:15:33.667 --> 00:15:36.300
So right along here
is a good set

00:15:36.300 --> 00:15:37.633
of skunk tracks.

00:15:37.633 --> 00:15:39.567
It's walking south,

00:15:39.567 --> 00:15:41.100
like straight towards
the border, basically.

00:15:41.100 --> 00:15:42.733
Pati, voice-over:
But lucky for me,

00:15:42.733 --> 00:15:45.167
also an expert
on foraging for food.

00:15:45.167 --> 00:15:46.300
Are you hungry?

00:15:46.300 --> 00:15:48.200
I'm always hungry.

00:15:48.200 --> 00:15:49.833
And I love jars of things.

00:15:49.833 --> 00:15:52.300
And I love jars of things
that I've never tried before,

00:15:52.300 --> 00:15:54.700
so I'm excited.

00:15:54.700 --> 00:15:56.267
Pati, voice-over:
Bryon has brought lots

00:15:56.267 --> 00:15:59.300
of jars full of foods
foraged from the park.

00:15:59.300 --> 00:16:00.767
Like Emory acorns.

00:16:00.767 --> 00:16:04.000
They taste like
chocolate, coffee.

00:16:04.000 --> 00:16:06.233
Pati, voice-over:
The manzanita berries.

00:16:06.233 --> 00:16:08.767
Oh, these taste
like peaches.

00:16:08.767 --> 00:16:10.233
Pati, voice-over:
We also try some tart

00:16:10.233 --> 00:16:12.233
sumac berries.

00:16:12.233 --> 00:16:14.700
Apricoty hackberries.

00:16:14.700 --> 00:16:17.933
And these scrumptious
dry saguaro fruit.

00:16:17.933 --> 00:16:20.800
It's the fruit of
the saguaro cactus.

00:16:20.800 --> 00:16:24.833
Pollinated first by bats
and birds and bees

00:16:24.833 --> 00:16:27.400
of the region in Mexico
and the U.S.

00:16:27.400 --> 00:16:28.433
Just eat it like that?

00:16:28.433 --> 00:16:30.067
Eat it, yeah.

00:16:30.067 --> 00:16:32.767
So these seeds are totally
chewable, crunchable.

00:16:34.100 --> 00:16:36.300
Right?

00:16:36.300 --> 00:16:37.300
Whoa.

00:16:37.300 --> 00:16:39.200
I know.

00:16:39.200 --> 00:16:40.533
Whoa!

00:16:42.500 --> 00:16:44.433
This is like
a combination

00:16:44.433 --> 00:16:48.667
of dried fig,
dried strawberry.

00:16:48.667 --> 00:16:52.267
The seeds inside are
irresistibly crunchy.

00:16:52.267 --> 00:16:53.367
What a treasure.

00:16:53.367 --> 00:16:56.067
I know.

00:16:56.067 --> 00:16:58.700
Many animals depend
on these as food

00:16:58.700 --> 00:17:00.433
and we're lucky
to share them, too.

00:17:00.433 --> 00:17:02.267
Bryon: Yeah.

00:17:02.267 --> 00:17:05.767
Pati: You guys are like
beyond ridiculously cool

00:17:05.767 --> 00:17:09.467
and so knowledgeable
and so chill.

00:17:09.467 --> 00:17:12.467
And I've learned
so much.

00:17:12.467 --> 00:17:14.333
I feel like now
we're just gonna go

00:17:14.333 --> 00:17:15.867
look for the porcupines.

00:17:15.867 --> 00:17:17.667
I'm feeling like
they're down there

00:17:17.667 --> 00:17:19.200
where the water is.

00:17:19.200 --> 00:17:20.633
They're watching us.

00:17:20.633 --> 00:17:22.533
They're keeping
an eye on things.

00:17:24.233 --> 00:17:25.800
Pati, voice-over:
While Emily, Bryon

00:17:25.800 --> 00:17:27.600
and my porcupines
keep an eye

00:17:27.600 --> 00:17:29.300
on the migration
of wildlife

00:17:29.300 --> 00:17:31.867
in the Sky Islands,
the world of business

00:17:31.867 --> 00:17:35.033
has no trouble crossing
between nations.

00:17:35.033 --> 00:17:38.667
It's estimated that more
than 600 billion dollars

00:17:38.667 --> 00:17:41.200
worth of goods
and services are traded

00:17:41.200 --> 00:17:43.900
between the U.S.
and Mexico every year.

00:17:45.000 --> 00:17:47.500
A large part of that
is produce.

00:17:51.533 --> 00:17:55.267
Business is brisk at
Cactus Melon Distributors

00:17:55.267 --> 00:17:58.300
in Nogales, Arizona.

00:17:58.300 --> 00:17:59.833
Man: Hop on.

00:17:59.833 --> 00:18:01.300
Pati, voice-over: This is
an electric pallet jack.

00:18:01.300 --> 00:18:02.633
It can go fast.

00:18:02.633 --> 00:18:03.900
Man: Oh, it--
I'll go fast.

00:18:03.900 --> 00:18:05.600
Pati, voice-over:
These will move

00:18:05.600 --> 00:18:08.700
up to 18,000 tons
of watermelons a year

00:18:08.700 --> 00:18:12.067
onto refrigerated trucks,
which transport the fruit

00:18:12.067 --> 00:18:14.200
across the United States
and Canada.

00:18:14.200 --> 00:18:16.967
Man: So here we're just gonna
make a--a turn right here

00:18:16.967 --> 00:18:19.567
and we are gonna go
inside the truck,

00:18:19.567 --> 00:18:21.667
where this truck
will take the product

00:18:21.667 --> 00:18:23.833
to its final destination.

00:18:23.833 --> 00:18:25.133
Pati, voice-over:
Marcos Murillo is

00:18:25.133 --> 00:18:27.600
the food safety manager
here.

00:18:27.600 --> 00:18:29.167
Pati:
¿Voy de regreso?

00:18:29.167 --> 00:18:31.100
If we ever run short-handed,
I know who to call.

00:18:31.100 --> 00:18:34.500
Pati: Where are you
shipping me now?

00:18:34.500 --> 00:18:36.333
Oh, oh, you're letting me
do it by myself.

00:18:36.333 --> 00:18:37.633
You're--
You're by yourself.

00:18:37.633 --> 00:18:40.433
You're such
a great teacher.

00:18:40.433 --> 00:18:41.933
Whoa!

00:18:41.933 --> 00:18:43.233
Pati, voice-over:
These watermelons

00:18:43.233 --> 00:18:44.567
were grown in Mexico,

00:18:44.567 --> 00:18:45.833
transported
to their warehouse

00:18:45.833 --> 00:18:47.533
in Nogales, Sonora,

00:18:47.533 --> 00:18:49.300
and then trucked
across the border

00:18:49.300 --> 00:18:50.933
at Nogales, Arizona,

00:18:50.933 --> 00:18:53.967
the busiest entry point
for produce.

00:18:53.967 --> 00:18:57.467
Christian Murillo is
director of sales.

00:18:57.467 --> 00:19:00.900
Christian's dad started
the business 30 years ago.

00:19:00.900 --> 00:19:02.633
How do you test
for sugar?

00:19:02.633 --> 00:19:03.967
Christian: Uh, first,
we're gonna cut off

00:19:03.967 --> 00:19:05.600
the--the ends of
the watermelon.

00:19:05.600 --> 00:19:07.167
So this is the refractor
meter right here.

00:19:07.167 --> 00:19:08.800
Pati, voice-over:
Inspecting the watermelons

00:19:08.800 --> 00:19:10.133
is part of Marcos' job.

00:19:10.133 --> 00:19:11.700
He does a color
and sugar test

00:19:11.700 --> 00:19:13.100
before shipping them out.

00:19:13.100 --> 00:19:15.467
Marcos: This will tell us
how much sugar,

00:19:15.467 --> 00:19:17.000
how much Brix
is actually

00:19:17.000 --> 00:19:19.633
in our watermelon
right now, OK?

00:19:19.633 --> 00:19:21.833
So this one right here
is a 9.4.

00:19:21.833 --> 00:19:25.333
Anything from
a 9 and above is good.

00:19:25.333 --> 00:19:26.467
Can I taste a little?

00:19:26.467 --> 00:19:27.533
Marcos:
Sure, definitely.

00:19:27.533 --> 00:19:28.567
This is really sweet.

00:19:28.567 --> 00:19:29.567
This is really sweet.

00:19:29.567 --> 00:19:31.100
They're still good.

00:19:31.100 --> 00:19:32.767
Pati, voice-over:
Mexico has been called

00:19:32.767 --> 00:19:35.867
the greenhouse
for the United States.

00:19:35.867 --> 00:19:37.600
During the cold months,

00:19:37.600 --> 00:19:40.767
Mexico exports more
than 1.3 million tons

00:19:40.767 --> 00:19:42.600
of melons to the U.S.

00:19:42.600 --> 00:19:43.967
To ship across borders,

00:19:43.967 --> 00:19:45.967
companies hire
customs brokers

00:19:45.967 --> 00:19:48.967
who help with everything
from paperwork to logistics.

00:19:48.967 --> 00:19:51.600
Cactus Melon uses
Gamas Company,

00:19:51.600 --> 00:19:53.267
one of the largest
customs brokers

00:19:53.267 --> 00:19:54.633
on the border.

00:19:57.733 --> 00:19:59.567
You work here.

00:19:59.567 --> 00:20:01.700
OK, they want
to freeze me.

00:20:01.700 --> 00:20:03.100
Pati, voice-over:
And this is one

00:20:03.100 --> 00:20:04.833
of their cold storage
warehouses.

00:20:04.833 --> 00:20:07.033
It's used to store meat
and produce

00:20:07.033 --> 00:20:09.800
while it gets inspected
by the USDA

00:20:09.800 --> 00:20:12.533
before it's shipped
all over the world.

00:20:12.533 --> 00:20:14.967
Pati: It's so cold!

00:20:14.967 --> 00:20:17.133
So it's a product
that comes from Texas,

00:20:17.133 --> 00:20:19.733
it's processed in Mexico
and goes to Japan.

00:20:19.733 --> 00:20:21.033
Man: Yeah, exactly.

00:20:22.133 --> 00:20:23.800
Pati, voice-over:
Víctor André Gamas Mayer

00:20:23.800 --> 00:20:26.533
is a fourth generation
customs broker.

00:20:26.533 --> 00:20:29.533
We have more than
2000 clients operating

00:20:29.533 --> 00:20:31.533
in, uh, 180 countries.

00:20:31.533 --> 00:20:34.500
And those clients expand
from the mining industry

00:20:34.500 --> 00:20:35.833
to the produce industry,

00:20:35.833 --> 00:20:39.967
to the, uh,
automobile industry,

00:20:39.967 --> 00:20:41.667
uh, and anything
you can think of

00:20:41.667 --> 00:20:43.700
that is being produced
in North America,

00:20:43.700 --> 00:20:45.667
we have a hand on it.

00:20:45.667 --> 00:20:47.700
Now, tell me a little bit
about the importance

00:20:47.700 --> 00:20:50.667
of your location
on the borderlands.

00:20:50.667 --> 00:20:53.233
Why is that so crucial
and what happens here?

00:20:53.233 --> 00:20:55.767
André: As a whole,
looking at the borders, uh,

00:20:55.767 --> 00:20:57.333
between the United States
and Mexico,

00:20:57.333 --> 00:21:00.200
Nogales is arguably
the fourth most busiest

00:21:00.200 --> 00:21:01.567
port of entry,

00:21:01.567 --> 00:21:03.400
going from Laredo
to El Paso,

00:21:03.400 --> 00:21:05.300
San Diego, Nogales.

00:21:05.300 --> 00:21:06.933
Pati: Wow!

00:21:06.933 --> 00:21:08.867
But if we're talking
about the produce industry,

00:21:08.867 --> 00:21:11.333
we could argue that this
is the most important

00:21:11.333 --> 00:21:12.633
and the busiest one.

00:21:15.233 --> 00:21:17.800
We have been here
for more than 80 years,

00:21:17.800 --> 00:21:19.667
in Nogales, Sonora
and Nogales.

00:21:19.667 --> 00:21:21.233
Four generations.

00:21:21.233 --> 00:21:23.900
My great grandfather
arrived to Nogales, uh,

00:21:23.900 --> 00:21:26.233
Sonora to open
the port of entry

00:21:26.233 --> 00:21:28.367
as a member of
the Mexican military.

00:21:28.367 --> 00:21:31.333
Later on, he received
his license to become

00:21:31.333 --> 00:21:32.467
a customs broker.

00:21:32.467 --> 00:21:34.100
And as time went on,

00:21:34.100 --> 00:21:37.600
my family grew and our
family business grew.

00:21:37.600 --> 00:21:39.167
The border, I heard
once, is almost

00:21:39.167 --> 00:21:40.700
like a third country.

00:21:40.700 --> 00:21:43.633
We are bicultural,
binational, bilingual.

00:21:43.633 --> 00:21:46.567
And that strength
in being able to

00:21:46.567 --> 00:21:49.200
understand different
cultures, different regions,

00:21:49.200 --> 00:21:51.300
different nationalities

00:21:51.300 --> 00:21:53.367
allows us to have
a broader reach

00:21:53.367 --> 00:21:54.967
when we're working
in business,

00:21:54.967 --> 00:21:57.467
when we're meeting people
in our universities,

00:21:57.467 --> 00:21:59.467
or when we're simply
going out for a walk

00:21:59.467 --> 00:22:01.200
and--and bumping
into a neighbor.

00:22:01.200 --> 00:22:04.500
Without the U.S., Mexico
wouldn't be the same.

00:22:04.500 --> 00:22:07.167
And without, uh, Mexico,
the United States

00:22:07.167 --> 00:22:08.733
wouldn't be the same.

00:22:08.733 --> 00:22:10.433
Pati, voice-over:
And one thing is for sure,

00:22:10.433 --> 00:22:12.633
the U.S. would not
be the same

00:22:12.633 --> 00:22:14.900
without Mexico's
watermelon industry,

00:22:14.900 --> 00:22:18.400
which supplies the U.S.
during the winter months.

00:22:20.233 --> 00:22:21.933
Pati: And everything is
watermelon-themed.

00:22:21.933 --> 00:22:23.167
Christian:
Everything is watermelon,

00:22:23.167 --> 00:22:24.567
just like you see here...

00:22:24.567 --> 00:22:25.667
Pati, voice-over:
Christian's job is

00:22:25.667 --> 00:22:27.067
to sell watermelon.

00:22:27.067 --> 00:22:28.733
And he's either
really good at it,

00:22:28.733 --> 00:22:31.400
or maybe he likes them
a little too much.

00:22:31.400 --> 00:22:32.667
Pati:
A watermelon painting.

00:22:32.667 --> 00:22:34.067
Watermelon paintings,
yes.

00:22:34.067 --> 00:22:36.733
And I spy some beautiful
watermelon ladies.

00:22:36.733 --> 00:22:39.600
Yes, uh, every year,
at the National Watermelon

00:22:39.600 --> 00:22:43.567
Convention, we elect,
out of eight contestants,

00:22:43.567 --> 00:22:46.100
uh, we elect one national
watermelon queen

00:22:46.100 --> 00:22:48.233
for--for a year.

00:22:48.233 --> 00:22:49.733
Pati, voice-over:
And now he's trying

00:22:49.733 --> 00:22:51.300
to convince me
that watermelon

00:22:51.300 --> 00:22:52.667
can replace tomatoes.

00:22:52.667 --> 00:22:55.633
Pati: OK, so this is
your watermelon pico.

00:22:55.633 --> 00:22:57.400
My watermelon
pico de gallo.

00:22:59.200 --> 00:23:00.900
Pati, voice-over:
I'm definitely going

00:23:00.900 --> 00:23:03.167
to get emails
from the tomato people.

00:23:03.167 --> 00:23:05.200
Christian: So you should be
getting a little bit of kick,

00:23:05.200 --> 00:23:08.233
but you still kind of get like
a little sweet balance there.

00:23:08.233 --> 00:23:10.767
Pati, voice-over:
Next up, a poké replacing

00:23:10.767 --> 00:23:12.300
tuna with watermelon

00:23:12.300 --> 00:23:17.067
topped with watermelon
rind instead of cucumber.

00:23:17.067 --> 00:23:18.100
Cheers!

00:23:18.100 --> 00:23:19.400
Cheers!

00:23:20.833 --> 00:23:22.233
Pati, voice-over:
OK, here come

00:23:22.233 --> 00:23:23.633
the tuna people emails

00:23:23.633 --> 00:23:25.933
and the cucumber
people emails.

00:23:27.133 --> 00:23:30.767
This last one feels
like a bit of a stretch.

00:23:30.767 --> 00:23:33.567
Nigiri sushi using
seared watermelon

00:23:33.567 --> 00:23:35.267
instead of tuna.

00:23:35.267 --> 00:23:37.500
Oh-oh.
I got too excited.

00:23:37.500 --> 00:23:38.933
Hold on.

00:23:38.933 --> 00:23:40.633
I'm supposed to do it
in one bite?

00:23:40.633 --> 00:23:44.700
No, you can take--
you can do it in two, yeah.

00:23:44.700 --> 00:23:46.567
Now I lost mine.

00:23:49.167 --> 00:23:51.400
Even though the watermelon
is warm, it's still kind

00:23:51.400 --> 00:23:54.467
of refreshing, it still has
a little bit of sweetness.

00:23:54.467 --> 00:23:55.867
This is my favorite.

00:23:55.867 --> 00:23:57.333
Pati, voice-over:
I'm fully aware

00:23:57.333 --> 00:23:58.733
I'm getting
the hard sell,

00:23:58.733 --> 00:24:00.733
but these are
surprisingly tasty.

00:24:00.733 --> 00:24:03.900
If you think the watermelon
people are intense...

00:24:03.900 --> 00:24:05.100
Yes.

00:24:06.133 --> 00:24:07.700
Pati, voice-over:
Just wait until you meet

00:24:07.700 --> 00:24:09.633
the chile people.

00:24:09.633 --> 00:24:14.100
[Music]

00:24:14.100 --> 00:24:16.700
A five-hour drive
from Nogales, Arizona,

00:24:16.700 --> 00:24:18.433
is Hatch, New Mexico,

00:24:18.433 --> 00:24:20.533
widely considered
the chile capital

00:24:20.533 --> 00:24:22.067
of the world.

00:24:22.067 --> 00:24:24.233
But this Mexican
will be the judge of that.

00:24:24.233 --> 00:24:26.933
The--the sun feels so nice
because it's getting

00:24:26.933 --> 00:24:30.300
so "chile." So chilly!
So chile!

00:24:30.300 --> 00:24:32.700
Is it chilly or chile?

00:24:32.700 --> 00:24:34.433
That's the big question
around here.

00:24:34.433 --> 00:24:36.400
It is chilly
in this chile town.

00:24:36.400 --> 00:24:37.767
Andrea: Yes.

00:24:37.767 --> 00:24:39.067
Pati, voice-over:
Andrea Álvarez is

00:24:39.067 --> 00:24:40.767
a product
of four generations

00:24:40.767 --> 00:24:42.733
of chile farmers
who've worked these fields

00:24:42.733 --> 00:24:46.367
since before New Mexico
became a state in 1912.

00:24:46.367 --> 00:24:50.400
Pati: I feel like most people
think about Hatch chiles

00:24:50.400 --> 00:24:52.367
as a variety of chile.

00:24:52.367 --> 00:24:54.000
A chile called Hatch.

00:24:54.000 --> 00:24:56.733
It's actually not,
so Hatch is a location,

00:24:56.733 --> 00:25:00.967
and everybody thinks
that Hatch is the chile.

00:25:00.967 --> 00:25:03.233
No, it's chile
that's grown in Hatch,

00:25:03.233 --> 00:25:05.067
New Mexico.
OK.

00:25:05.067 --> 00:25:06.533
And there's different
varieties of chile

00:25:06.533 --> 00:25:08.233
that are grown here,
in the valley,

00:25:08.233 --> 00:25:09.933
that we're famous for.

00:25:09.933 --> 00:25:12.100
And the reason
we're so famous for it

00:25:12.100 --> 00:25:14.733
is because we have
the perfect soil,

00:25:14.733 --> 00:25:16.233
the perfect PH balance,

00:25:16.233 --> 00:25:17.467
we're right next
to the river.

00:25:17.467 --> 00:25:18.633
We have
the perfect weather,

00:25:18.633 --> 00:25:20.833
and all these
different things

00:25:20.833 --> 00:25:24.233
come into contribute
to make the chile taste

00:25:24.233 --> 00:25:26.833
in a way that no other
chile tastes.

00:25:26.833 --> 00:25:29.167
Now, tell me,
there's green chile

00:25:29.167 --> 00:25:30.567
and red chile.

00:25:30.567 --> 00:25:32.133
So if you order anything
red in this valley,

00:25:32.133 --> 00:25:34.400
Sandia hot is
what they're using

00:25:34.400 --> 00:25:35.700
and that's a variety.

00:25:35.700 --> 00:25:37.400
OK. And what chile is
typically used

00:25:37.400 --> 00:25:38.667
for the green chile?

00:25:38.667 --> 00:25:40.433
It's gonna be
the Big Jim.

00:25:40.433 --> 00:25:42.433
It's the most famous
variety here,

00:25:42.433 --> 00:25:43.900
in the Hatch valley.

00:25:43.900 --> 00:25:45.167
Pati, voice-over:
The town of Hatch is

00:25:45.167 --> 00:25:46.833
like a big family.

00:25:46.833 --> 00:25:48.700
And Andrea is so dedicated
that she even planned

00:25:48.700 --> 00:25:52.067
her soon-to-be child's birth
around harvest season.

00:25:52.067 --> 00:25:54.167
But she's concerned
that a century of family

00:25:54.167 --> 00:25:55.967
farming tradition is
threatened.

00:25:55.967 --> 00:25:58.700
So much so that she's
producing a documentary

00:25:58.700 --> 00:26:01.467
about how big corporations
are taking over

00:26:01.467 --> 00:26:03.033
the family farms,

00:26:03.033 --> 00:26:05.133
and the younger generations
are finding better

00:26:05.133 --> 00:26:07.967
economic opportunities
elsewhere.

00:26:07.967 --> 00:26:10.700
These kids are leaving,
pursuing different careers

00:26:10.700 --> 00:26:12.800
and pursuing
the American dream,

00:26:12.800 --> 00:26:15.000
and rightfully so,
you know what I mean?

00:26:15.000 --> 00:26:17.767
But as they're doing that,
we're losing these skills

00:26:17.767 --> 00:26:19.533
of working in the field.

00:26:21.233 --> 00:26:22.733
Pati, voice-over:
Jesús Pérez and his wife,

00:26:22.733 --> 00:26:24.433
Esperanza,
are a good example.

00:26:24.433 --> 00:26:27.267
They've been in the chile
business here for 40 years,

00:26:27.267 --> 00:26:30.167
working in the fields
and selling decorative ristras

00:26:30.167 --> 00:26:32.500
that they make in a shed
in their backyard.

00:26:32.500 --> 00:26:36.467
[Speaking Spanish]

00:26:45.867 --> 00:26:47.567
Pati, voice-over:
At 70 years old,

00:26:47.567 --> 00:26:50.567
Jesús starts work
at 5 a.m. every day.

00:26:50.567 --> 00:26:52.133
Their three kids
once helped,

00:26:52.133 --> 00:26:55.133
but have moved far away
for different careers.

00:26:55.133 --> 00:26:57.933
[Speaking Spanish]

00:27:25.100 --> 00:27:26.800
Pati, voice-over:
Andrea's friend and mentor,

00:27:26.800 --> 00:27:29.033
Scott Adams is
a fifth generation

00:27:29.033 --> 00:27:30.600
chile farmer.

00:27:30.600 --> 00:27:32.967
In our school systems
we're trying to train

00:27:32.967 --> 00:27:34.700
people away
from the farms.

00:27:34.700 --> 00:27:37.500
But now the government
is actually offering

00:27:37.500 --> 00:27:41.100
programs for young farmers
to come back to the farms

00:27:41.100 --> 00:27:42.933
because they'd wake up
one day and say,

00:27:42.933 --> 00:27:44.600
"Well, we're not gonna
have any food."

00:27:44.600 --> 00:27:46.033
Pati, voice-over:
Scott's family owns

00:27:46.033 --> 00:27:48.067
one of the bigger
farms in town

00:27:48.067 --> 00:27:51.533
with upwards
of 630 acres of chile

00:27:51.533 --> 00:27:53.067
in 15 different varieties.

00:27:53.067 --> 00:27:54.567
So your family has
been in the business

00:27:54.567 --> 00:27:56.033
for how long?

00:27:56.033 --> 00:27:57.900
If I went back to
my great-grandfather?

00:27:57.900 --> 00:27:59.100
Yeah.

00:27:59.100 --> 00:28:00.767
Probably, close to
a hundred years.

00:28:00.767 --> 00:28:03.167
So there's six children
in my family.

00:28:03.167 --> 00:28:04.233
OK.

00:28:04.233 --> 00:28:05.700
I'm left here.

00:28:05.700 --> 00:28:08.033
And then my brother
is in Las Cruces.

00:28:08.033 --> 00:28:10.500
My oldest brother.
That's it, yeah.

00:28:10.500 --> 00:28:12.867
Sometimes the children
are born.

00:28:12.867 --> 00:28:14.833
And they have "farmer"
on their forehead.

00:28:14.833 --> 00:28:16.700
I have three daughters
and one son,

00:28:16.700 --> 00:28:19.700
and they're all involved
in the farm business.

00:28:19.700 --> 00:28:21.067
And they all were born
with "farmer"

00:28:21.067 --> 00:28:23.533
on their forehead?
Or you're making sure?

00:28:23.533 --> 00:28:25.267
Or they brought
farmers home.

00:28:25.267 --> 00:28:26.867
Oh, really?

00:28:26.867 --> 00:28:28.567
Yeah, there's three girls
and they married.

00:28:28.567 --> 00:28:30.833
They said, "When you shop,
shop right."

00:28:30.833 --> 00:28:32.333
Bring farmers home.

00:28:32.333 --> 00:28:33.833
But they all like
this way of life?

00:28:33.833 --> 00:28:35.500
They like this way
of life.

00:28:38.400 --> 00:28:40.800
Pati, voice-over: Valley Cafe is
a family-owned restaurant

00:28:40.800 --> 00:28:42.567
and one of Andrea's
favorite places

00:28:42.567 --> 00:28:45.000
to get enchiladas
and flautas covered

00:28:45.000 --> 00:28:46.233
in chile sauce.

00:28:46.233 --> 00:28:47.800
I can't decide
on green or red,

00:28:47.800 --> 00:28:50.133
so I'm getting my enchiladas
Christmas-style.

00:28:50.133 --> 00:28:52.633
Oh, thank you.

00:28:52.633 --> 00:28:54.033
Thank you so much.

00:28:54.033 --> 00:28:55.300
Waitress: You guys,
enjoy your food.

00:28:55.300 --> 00:28:56.367
Thank you.

00:28:56.367 --> 00:28:57.433
Thank you.

00:28:57.433 --> 00:28:58.700
They look so good.

00:28:58.700 --> 00:29:00.467
And rather than
rolled enchiladas,

00:29:00.467 --> 00:29:02.100
that crunch's
so delicious

00:29:02.100 --> 00:29:05.167
I'm inclined to steal
one of those flautas

00:29:05.167 --> 00:29:06.367
from you.

00:29:06.367 --> 00:29:07.733
Please, do.

00:29:10.400 --> 00:29:12.033
That green chile
is spicy.

00:29:13.867 --> 00:29:16.300
Oh, my God,
it's so spicy.

00:29:16.300 --> 00:29:17.833
[Laughs]

00:29:17.833 --> 00:29:19.733
Have you tasted
anything like it before?

00:29:19.733 --> 00:29:22.733
I mean, I've tasted
hot chiles.

00:29:22.733 --> 00:29:26.667
For sure, but this is
a very peculiar kind

00:29:26.667 --> 00:29:28.600
of heat and taste.

00:29:28.600 --> 00:29:31.300
And it's just staying
there.

00:29:31.300 --> 00:29:33.133
Yep, it burns different.

00:29:33.133 --> 00:29:34.833
And it just lingers.

00:29:34.833 --> 00:29:36.667
It lingers,
I was gonna say...

00:29:36.667 --> 00:29:41.900
The food of a place
resembles its people.

00:29:41.900 --> 00:29:45.267
And having met you
and so many people here

00:29:45.267 --> 00:29:47.533
from the community,

00:29:47.533 --> 00:29:50.667
people here are just
like the Hatch chiles.

00:29:50.667 --> 00:29:52.867
They're bold and strong.

00:29:52.867 --> 00:29:53.967
Yes.

00:29:53.967 --> 00:29:56.200
What is it that you
want to preserve

00:29:56.200 --> 00:29:57.700
and fight for?

00:29:57.700 --> 00:29:59.800
That is--the most
important thing to me

00:29:59.800 --> 00:30:01.467
is to continue
to preserve

00:30:01.467 --> 00:30:02.867
a family tradition.

00:30:02.867 --> 00:30:05.733
And I'm not the only one
who feels that way.

00:30:05.733 --> 00:30:08.000
I think it's something
that's instilled

00:30:08.000 --> 00:30:09.100
in all of us.

00:30:09.100 --> 00:30:10.400
Whether we're
business owners,

00:30:10.400 --> 00:30:11.967
whether we're farmers,

00:30:11.967 --> 00:30:14.800
any individual particularly
wants to create

00:30:14.800 --> 00:30:16.700
something that they
can leave their child.

00:30:16.700 --> 00:30:18.167
I think it's human nature.

00:30:18.167 --> 00:30:19.667
It's the legacy.

00:30:19.667 --> 00:30:22.000
Like, let's--let's take
this kiddo, for example,

00:30:22.000 --> 00:30:24.100
that's growing
inside of me.

00:30:24.100 --> 00:30:25.900
I may not be able
to leave them anything

00:30:25.900 --> 00:30:28.700
monetarily, but they
will always have

00:30:28.700 --> 00:30:30.533
a set of skills,

00:30:30.533 --> 00:30:33.033
work ethic,
perseverance.

00:30:33.033 --> 00:30:35.567
Pati, voice-over: Also a threat
are the many companies

00:30:35.567 --> 00:30:37.000
that profit
from the Hatch name

00:30:37.000 --> 00:30:39.233
without actually growing
chiles here

00:30:39.233 --> 00:30:41.233
or investing back
into the community.

00:30:41.233 --> 00:30:43.700
It's especially tough
for a town known

00:30:43.700 --> 00:30:45.200
for serving others
where there are

00:30:45.200 --> 00:30:48.567
as many military veterans
as there are farmers.

00:30:48.567 --> 00:30:50.567
There's a sense
of serving.

00:30:50.567 --> 00:30:52.500
That's something
that I've seen

00:30:52.500 --> 00:30:54.433
a--a lot of, amongst
many families,

00:30:54.433 --> 00:30:55.667
not just my own.

00:30:55.667 --> 00:30:58.100
But a sense of--of serving

00:30:58.100 --> 00:31:00.833
not only our community,
but our nation.

00:31:00.833 --> 00:31:04.900
And there's so much more
to--to it than meets the eye.

00:31:04.900 --> 00:31:06.567
You know, I think
so many of us take

00:31:06.567 --> 00:31:10.667
for granted, you know,
what freedom is

00:31:10.667 --> 00:31:14.033
and the cost of it
and it's more than

00:31:14.033 --> 00:31:18.867
a gentleman signing up
four years of his life.

00:31:18.867 --> 00:31:20.133
Sorry.

00:31:22.633 --> 00:31:24.233
Pati, voice-over:
The warm sunny days

00:31:24.233 --> 00:31:25.800
and cool breezy nights

00:31:25.800 --> 00:31:28.967
are said to be the secret
to the spicy rich flavor,

00:31:28.967 --> 00:31:31.433
but I think the warmth
of the families here

00:31:31.433 --> 00:31:33.433
have something to do
with it, too.

00:31:33.433 --> 00:31:36.000
[Speaking Spanish]

00:31:47.100 --> 00:31:48.567
Pati, voice-over:
Hatch chile is used

00:31:48.567 --> 00:31:50.700
for much more
than enchiladas.

00:31:50.700 --> 00:31:53.500
My last stop is Sparkys,
in the center of town.

00:31:53.500 --> 00:31:56.133
It's impossible to miss.

00:31:56.133 --> 00:32:00.200
Pati: I want the world-famous
green chile hamburger!

00:32:00.200 --> 00:32:01.500
Hello.

00:32:01.500 --> 00:32:02.500
Pati, voice-over:
Owners Teako Nunn

00:32:02.500 --> 00:32:04.100
and his wife Josie

00:32:04.100 --> 00:32:06.400
I'm told make a legendary
green chile cheeseburger.

00:32:06.400 --> 00:32:08.233
Hello.

00:32:08.233 --> 00:32:10.967
This place
just stands out.

00:32:10.967 --> 00:32:12.633
Tell me a little bit
about everything

00:32:12.633 --> 00:32:13.967
that you have out here.

00:32:13.967 --> 00:32:16.700
It started with
A&W Root Beer Mama,

00:32:16.700 --> 00:32:18.200
she's on the roof.

00:32:18.200 --> 00:32:20.233
OK, so you just keep on
bringing things.

00:32:20.233 --> 00:32:21.500
Yeah.

00:32:21.500 --> 00:32:24.100
Like we had that
Sparky robot made

00:32:24.100 --> 00:32:27.867
and Teako built
the old west town.

00:32:27.867 --> 00:32:31.000
Why is it so important
to you to make people happy

00:32:31.000 --> 00:32:33.300
and to give them
so many things

00:32:33.300 --> 00:32:35.033
to be entertained with?

00:32:35.033 --> 00:32:36.167
It makes us happy.

00:32:36.167 --> 00:32:37.767
It's fun.

00:32:37.767 --> 00:32:39.500
Pati, voice-over:
It started as a coffee shop

00:32:39.500 --> 00:32:43.133
in 2008, but their eclectic
style and crazy good chile

00:32:43.133 --> 00:32:45.700
cheeseburger quickly
got the town talking.

00:32:45.700 --> 00:32:47.967
It was like 200 people,

00:32:47.967 --> 00:32:50.233
and then now it's like
around the building.

00:32:50.233 --> 00:32:53.667
And it's just beautiful
to see all these people.

00:32:53.667 --> 00:32:54.833
Pati, voice-over:
Teako's father,

00:32:54.833 --> 00:32:56.200
a former restaurant owner,

00:32:56.200 --> 00:32:58.000
taught him the importance
of making people

00:32:58.000 --> 00:32:59.433
feel special.

00:32:59.433 --> 00:33:02.300
I hope I don't get
sentimental,

00:33:02.300 --> 00:33:04.433
but it's mood.

00:33:04.433 --> 00:33:06.500
Dad taught me mood.

00:33:06.500 --> 00:33:11.267
And we want
everybody to have

00:33:11.267 --> 00:33:12.600
a good time.

00:33:14.267 --> 00:33:16.067
Pati, voice-over:
It's definitely a good time.

00:33:16.067 --> 00:33:19.033
It's kind of like
if Andy Warhol opened

00:33:19.033 --> 00:33:20.233
a burger joint.

00:33:20.233 --> 00:33:22.233
They were kind enough
to open for me

00:33:22.233 --> 00:33:24.967
and my team on a day
they're usually closed.

00:33:24.967 --> 00:33:27.100
Pati: This feels like
an amusement park!

00:33:27.100 --> 00:33:29.300
Yeah, well, there's
a lot of stuff in here

00:33:29.300 --> 00:33:30.867
that came--
like the Trapper,

00:33:30.867 --> 00:33:32.433
he's from
an amusement park.

00:33:32.433 --> 00:33:33.833
Pati: Oh, wow!

00:33:33.833 --> 00:33:35.300
Man: The Trapper's wisdom
for the ticket.

00:33:35.300 --> 00:33:37.833
Why did you move
to Hatch?

00:33:37.833 --> 00:33:39.333
To get out of the city.

00:33:39.333 --> 00:33:40.600
Pati: OK.

00:33:40.600 --> 00:33:42.800
There were 1500
people here then.

00:33:42.800 --> 00:33:45.800
And we've been here
42 years

00:33:45.800 --> 00:33:48.700
and there's still
only 1500 people, it's...

00:33:48.700 --> 00:33:49.900
And you love that.

00:33:49.900 --> 00:33:52.567
Everybody kind
of knows everybody

00:33:52.567 --> 00:33:55.000
and they chip in
when things are down,

00:33:55.000 --> 00:33:57.567
you know? They help
each other.

00:33:57.567 --> 00:33:59.233
It's pretty cool.

00:33:59.233 --> 00:34:01.767
So what's so unique about
your green chile burger?

00:34:01.767 --> 00:34:03.300
Or is it just that you,
guys, make it

00:34:03.300 --> 00:34:04.533
and you're so endearing?

00:34:04.533 --> 00:34:05.567
Josie: I think...

00:34:05.567 --> 00:34:08.367
[Laugh]

00:34:08.367 --> 00:34:11.033
I think it's the seasonings
and everything.

00:34:11.033 --> 00:34:13.833
And also our green chile
cheeseburger

00:34:13.833 --> 00:34:16.033
doesn't have
all the add-ons,

00:34:16.033 --> 00:34:18.833
like tomato, lettuce.
You get...

00:34:18.833 --> 00:34:21.767
Nothing, just
green chile and cheese.

00:34:21.767 --> 00:34:23.500
So I wanna try
a burger.

00:34:23.500 --> 00:34:25.033
Teako:
Let's--Let's go.

00:34:25.033 --> 00:34:26.667
Pati, voice-over:
Honestly, it's hard for me

00:34:26.667 --> 00:34:28.567
to imagine my burger
without ketchup.

00:34:28.567 --> 00:34:30.167
But they do things
a little differently

00:34:30.167 --> 00:34:33.367
around here, in case
you hadn't noticed.

00:34:33.367 --> 00:34:36.233
Come, Tyler, come
see the green chile.

00:34:36.233 --> 00:34:37.633
It looks beautiful.

00:34:37.633 --> 00:34:41.633
Teako: It's USDA choice,
black Angus 80/20.

00:34:41.633 --> 00:34:43.300
It's perfect
for a burger.

00:34:43.300 --> 00:34:45.267
And this is
your secret seasoning?

00:34:45.267 --> 00:34:46.433
Yes.

00:34:46.433 --> 00:34:47.833
Yeah. Oh!

00:34:47.833 --> 00:34:49.500
Aren't you something?

00:34:49.500 --> 00:34:50.967
Yeah, there you go.

00:34:50.967 --> 00:34:52.300
Pati, voice-over:
OK, now we're getting

00:34:52.300 --> 00:34:53.867
into the good stuff.

00:34:53.867 --> 00:34:55.767
The 50-year-old secret
family spice recipe

00:34:55.767 --> 00:34:57.567
passed down
by Teako's father

00:34:57.567 --> 00:35:00.300
that gives these burgers
an extra punch.

00:35:00.300 --> 00:35:01.333
[Laughter]

00:35:01.333 --> 00:35:03.067
Yeah, yeah.

00:35:03.067 --> 00:35:05.067
Pati, voice-over: Let's see if
I can guess what's in it.

00:35:05.067 --> 00:35:06.167
No.

00:35:06.167 --> 00:35:07.833
You'll see.

00:35:07.833 --> 00:35:10.300
I didn't get it,
I didn't guess anything.

00:35:10.300 --> 00:35:12.167
You got half.

00:35:12.167 --> 00:35:13.533
Oh, yeah.

00:35:13.533 --> 00:35:15.467
Pati: Oh, that is looking
so beautiful.

00:35:15.467 --> 00:35:17.800
OK, so now is when you
do the green chile?

00:35:17.800 --> 00:35:20.233
Yeah, now this is gonna be
about four ounces.

00:35:20.233 --> 00:35:22.567
All right, we're gonna
just put that burger...

00:35:22.567 --> 00:35:24.800
Hold on now,
it's heavy.

00:35:24.800 --> 00:35:26.433
And then we're gonna
put the top on

00:35:26.433 --> 00:35:28.067
just like that.

00:35:28.067 --> 00:35:29.567
Whoa!

00:35:29.567 --> 00:35:34.567
This is the world-famous
green chile cheeseburger

00:35:34.567 --> 00:35:36.067
from Teako.

00:35:36.067 --> 00:35:39.367
He said not to say it,
but he's making it for me.

00:35:39.367 --> 00:35:40.533
La familia.

00:35:40.533 --> 00:35:43.033
[Laugh]

00:35:43.033 --> 00:35:44.267
OK.

00:35:44.267 --> 00:35:46.033
Good luck.
Buena suerte.

00:35:49.667 --> 00:35:52.300
The meat is so tasty.

00:35:52.300 --> 00:35:55.100
And the consistency
is perfect.

00:35:55.100 --> 00:35:57.600
And the green chile
has so much flavor.

00:35:57.600 --> 00:35:59.467
It's spicy,
but like good,

00:35:59.467 --> 00:36:00.867
with a kick.

00:36:00.867 --> 00:36:03.100
And the melted cheese
on top is delicious.

00:36:03.100 --> 00:36:04.567
Good.

00:36:04.567 --> 00:36:06.233
Pati, voice-over:
The burger is perfect,

00:36:06.233 --> 00:36:08.367
but I continue to be
impressed by the full heart

00:36:08.367 --> 00:36:09.733
of the people
of this town.

00:36:09.733 --> 00:36:11.700
Yeah,
I'm just grateful.

00:36:11.700 --> 00:36:13.567
That's
what motivates me.

00:36:13.567 --> 00:36:14.933
Can I have some
of your fries?

00:36:14.933 --> 00:36:17.967
Please. Thank you
so much, Teako.

00:36:21.967 --> 00:36:23.300
Pati, voice-over:
For the town of Hatch

00:36:23.300 --> 00:36:25.033
to thrive,
it relies heavily

00:36:25.033 --> 00:36:26.567
on Mexican workers

00:36:26.567 --> 00:36:29.567
with temporary visas
to work in the fields.

00:36:29.567 --> 00:36:31.833
About an hour south,
in the town of Columbus,

00:36:31.833 --> 00:36:33.667
New Mexico it's
the opposite.

00:36:33.667 --> 00:36:36.300
Puerto Palomas, Mexico,
relies on its sister city

00:36:36.300 --> 00:36:38.800
of Columbus to get
their kids to school.

00:36:40.600 --> 00:36:42.700
Monday through Friday,
hundreds of kids

00:36:42.700 --> 00:36:44.700
wind their way through
the Puerto Palomas

00:36:44.700 --> 00:36:46.567
border crossing,

00:36:46.567 --> 00:36:48.500
where they're greeted
by U.S. school buses

00:36:48.500 --> 00:36:50.767
that bring them
to school.

00:36:50.767 --> 00:36:53.100
Diego is one of
the Mexican border guards,

00:36:53.100 --> 00:36:55.667
who greets these kids
every school day.

00:36:55.667 --> 00:36:58.067
[Speaking Spanish]

00:37:10.433 --> 00:37:13.100
Pati, voice-over: But it's not
just a benefit for Mexico.

00:37:13.100 --> 00:37:15.833
I think it's important
to understand

00:37:15.833 --> 00:37:18.367
that every student
that lives in Mexico

00:37:18.367 --> 00:37:19.967
that is a U.S. citizen

00:37:19.967 --> 00:37:22.667
comes here,
gets an education,

00:37:22.667 --> 00:37:25.267
and eventually
they move over

00:37:25.267 --> 00:37:26.733
to the United States.

00:37:26.733 --> 00:37:31.433
Eventually, they become,
uh, part of our economy.

00:37:31.433 --> 00:37:34.700
[Bell rings]

00:37:34.700 --> 00:37:36.633
What are you
dressed as?

00:37:36.633 --> 00:37:38.067
Pati, voice-over:
Viridiana Chacón is

00:37:38.067 --> 00:37:39.967
the principal
of Columbus Elementary,

00:37:39.967 --> 00:37:44.067
a U.S. school where 75%
of the kids live in Mexico.

00:37:44.067 --> 00:37:46.333
Viridiana: The kids
going to Palomas

00:37:46.333 --> 00:37:49.400
it's only about
five miles away.

00:37:49.400 --> 00:37:50.533
So super close.

00:37:50.533 --> 00:37:51.967
Yes, yes,
it's super close.

00:37:51.967 --> 00:37:54.967
So it takes them
about 10, 15 minutes

00:37:54.967 --> 00:37:57.533
to get there
and to come back.

00:37:57.533 --> 00:37:58.967
Pati, voice-over:
It's not unique for kids

00:37:58.967 --> 00:38:01.033
to commute
across borders,

00:38:01.033 --> 00:38:02.967
but this is the only
place in the U.S.

00:38:02.967 --> 00:38:04.833
where a public
school system

00:38:04.833 --> 00:38:06.433
sends buses
to the border

00:38:06.433 --> 00:38:09.433
to pick up and drop off
students.

00:38:09.433 --> 00:38:12.600
How many years since when
has this been happening?

00:38:12.600 --> 00:38:15.567
Well, see, I grew up
here, in Columbus.

00:38:15.567 --> 00:38:18.167
And it was already
in place.

00:38:18.167 --> 00:38:19.400
Yeah.

00:38:19.400 --> 00:38:22.567
And I would say more
than maybe...

00:38:22.567 --> 00:38:23.933
Since the 40s or so?

00:38:23.933 --> 00:38:26.700
Yeah, yeah.
It's been quite a while.

00:38:28.000 --> 00:38:29.600
Pati, voice-over:
The school district

00:38:29.600 --> 00:38:31.233
used to accept all
of the children

00:38:31.233 --> 00:38:32.667
who came over.

00:38:32.667 --> 00:38:34.467
But that stopped
when the law changed

00:38:34.467 --> 00:38:35.833
in the 90s.

00:38:35.833 --> 00:38:38.500
You know, every kid
that gets on that bus,

00:38:38.500 --> 00:38:40.633
that crosses
the port of entry,

00:38:40.633 --> 00:38:42.067
is a U.S. citizen.

00:38:43.567 --> 00:38:45.000
Pati, voice-over:
Where can I find

00:38:45.000 --> 00:38:47.033
two parents to talk
with about this?

00:38:49.967 --> 00:38:51.467
[Speaking Spanish]

00:38:51.467 --> 00:38:53.233
Pati, voice-over: If you say
"delicious restaurant,"

00:38:53.233 --> 00:38:56.167
you know me too well.

00:38:56.167 --> 00:38:58.967
Adriana Zizumbo owns
Borderland Café,

00:38:58.967 --> 00:39:00.967
which is famous
for these nachos

00:39:00.967 --> 00:39:03.533
topped with her signature
white enchilada sauce

00:39:03.533 --> 00:39:05.700
made from fresh
Mennonite cheese.

00:39:07.333 --> 00:39:09.700
She lives in the U.S.
and her daughter goes

00:39:09.700 --> 00:39:11.533
to Columbus Elementary.

00:39:11.533 --> 00:39:14.433
Working at her side
is Yvette Lira,

00:39:14.433 --> 00:39:17.033
a U.S. citizen
living in Mexico.

00:39:17.033 --> 00:39:19.000
You like living
in Palomas more than?

00:39:19.000 --> 00:39:20.967
I love, yeah, I love
living in Palomas.

00:39:20.967 --> 00:39:22.900
I think
it's just way better.

00:39:22.900 --> 00:39:24.000
And why?

00:39:24.000 --> 00:39:26.800
You have, uh, more
like a free life.

00:39:26.800 --> 00:39:29.667
Like, it's more calm,
more like you don't stress

00:39:29.667 --> 00:39:31.500
about a lot of stuff
that you have to stress

00:39:31.500 --> 00:39:32.900
over here,
in the United States.

00:39:32.900 --> 00:39:35.800
So you guys live
on different sides

00:39:35.800 --> 00:39:37.367
of the border,
but your kids go

00:39:37.367 --> 00:39:38.433
to Columbus.

00:39:38.433 --> 00:39:39.833
Yes.

00:39:39.833 --> 00:39:42.067
So your kids go
to the same school.

00:39:42.067 --> 00:39:43.967
And how is
that experience?

00:39:43.967 --> 00:39:46.567
I mean, I don't even think
they notice it, you know?

00:39:46.567 --> 00:39:48.067
They just go to school
together and that's

00:39:48.067 --> 00:39:49.633
all they know,
after school,

00:39:49.633 --> 00:39:51.567
they get on the bus
and, you know,

00:39:51.567 --> 00:39:53.033
my daughter gets
dropped off here

00:39:53.033 --> 00:39:54.500
at the restaurant.

00:39:54.500 --> 00:39:56.633
Her kids get dropped off
at the border.

00:39:56.633 --> 00:39:58.833
And, you know,
like a lot of parents,

00:39:58.833 --> 00:40:01.600
they're already waiting
for them in--at the border.

00:40:01.600 --> 00:40:04.100
And they all deserve
that chance to come in

00:40:04.100 --> 00:40:07.000
an--and learn an--
and get the opportunity

00:40:07.000 --> 00:40:08.600
that, you know,
our children here,

00:40:08.600 --> 00:40:10.500
in the States, get.

00:40:10.500 --> 00:40:11.667
Pati, voice-over:
While the students

00:40:11.667 --> 00:40:13.100
are U.S. citizens,

00:40:13.100 --> 00:40:14.667
some of their parents
may not be,

00:40:14.667 --> 00:40:16.500
so they cannot visit
the school,

00:40:16.500 --> 00:40:18.300
see the teachers,
nor come to any

00:40:18.300 --> 00:40:19.967
after-school activities

00:40:19.967 --> 00:40:22.900
like this folkloric
dance event.

00:40:22.900 --> 00:40:33.567
[Music]

00:40:33.567 --> 00:40:35.533
Good job, girls.

00:40:35.533 --> 00:40:37.033
[Applause]

00:40:37.033 --> 00:40:38.500
Pati, voice-over:
Tonight is a feast

00:40:38.500 --> 00:40:39.600
to commemorate
the Mexican

00:40:39.600 --> 00:40:40.967
Día de la Revolución.

00:40:40.967 --> 00:40:42.967
Going back to school
isn't so bad

00:40:42.967 --> 00:40:44.733
when this is
the cafeteria food,

00:40:44.733 --> 00:40:47.233
enchiladas,
crispy chicken taquitos,

00:40:47.233 --> 00:40:50.767
rice, beans, salsa
guacamole, crema.

00:40:54.300 --> 00:40:56.233
Mmm!

00:40:56.233 --> 00:40:57.700
What about the food?

00:40:57.700 --> 00:40:59.567
The food is delicious.

00:40:59.567 --> 00:41:00.933
[Laughs]

00:41:00.933 --> 00:41:02.500
Pati, voice-over:
Teacher Nicole Bearden's

00:41:02.500 --> 00:41:04.767
son and daughter
go to this school

00:41:04.767 --> 00:41:06.333
as do the other
two dancers

00:41:06.333 --> 00:41:07.900
at our table.

00:41:07.900 --> 00:41:10.067
They're really nice,
they help us learn and...

00:41:10.067 --> 00:41:11.833
Yeah?

00:41:11.833 --> 00:41:13.200
Pati, voice-over:
Twice a day everyone

00:41:13.200 --> 00:41:14.933
at this table
crosses the border.

00:41:14.933 --> 00:41:17.733
So you guys--
You all live in Palomas.

00:41:17.733 --> 00:41:20.067
It just feels like we live
out of town, you know?

00:41:20.067 --> 00:41:22.233
You just have to take a
little longer to get here.

00:41:22.233 --> 00:41:23.633
Yeah.

00:41:23.633 --> 00:41:24.800
Pati, voice-over:
Nicole is from the U.S.,

00:41:24.800 --> 00:41:26.167
but moved to Mexico

00:41:26.167 --> 00:41:27.867
with her husband
and kids.

00:41:27.867 --> 00:41:30.333
And I just--I like it lot.
I like it a lot better.

00:41:30.333 --> 00:41:31.967
How so?

00:41:31.967 --> 00:41:33.700
Uh, just you see somebody
walk down the street,

00:41:33.700 --> 00:41:35.633
you say, "Good morning,
how are you?" Um.

00:41:35.633 --> 00:41:38.167
Everybody smiles
at each other.

00:41:38.167 --> 00:41:39.700
They help each other out.

00:41:39.700 --> 00:41:40.967
Pati, voice-over:
And she's happy

00:41:40.967 --> 00:41:42.400
that her children
are getting

00:41:42.400 --> 00:41:44.433
a fully bilingual
education.

00:41:44.433 --> 00:41:46.000
I can already tell
in my kids' lives

00:41:46.000 --> 00:41:48.467
as children how much
it has helped them.

00:41:48.467 --> 00:41:50.467
So I can only imagine
as an adult

00:41:50.467 --> 00:41:53.967
how--how much
they'll achieve

00:41:53.967 --> 00:41:56.633
by knowing more
than one language.

00:41:58.833 --> 00:42:00.800
The kids
that come over here

00:42:00.800 --> 00:42:02.733
were born
in the United States.

00:42:02.733 --> 00:42:04.967
They have every right
to an education

00:42:04.967 --> 00:42:08.067
just like every other--
every other kid.

00:42:08.067 --> 00:42:10.833
So for them providing
that bussing for them,

00:42:10.833 --> 00:42:14.133
I know that it's essential
for so many of the kids.

00:42:14.133 --> 00:42:17.467
I--I see them
piling onto the bus

00:42:17.467 --> 00:42:19.000
every morning here.

00:42:20.700 --> 00:42:23.567
Pati: Any reaction of
people not being happy

00:42:23.567 --> 00:42:25.433
with people coming
from Mexico

00:42:25.433 --> 00:42:27.000
to get an education?

00:42:27.000 --> 00:42:29.000
I believe this has been
happening for so many years

00:42:29.000 --> 00:42:32.267
that--that people around
here just see it as...

00:42:32.267 --> 00:42:34.700
a normal everyday
occurrence.

00:42:35.900 --> 00:42:37.567
Pati, voice-over:
So look around.

00:42:37.567 --> 00:42:40.033
Which kids will return
to the U.S.

00:42:40.033 --> 00:42:41.300
when they grow up?

00:42:41.300 --> 00:42:42.900
Vivian says most
of these kids

00:42:42.900 --> 00:42:45.267
will return to find
their careers.

00:42:45.267 --> 00:42:48.033
Viridiana: Eventually they
become productive members

00:42:48.033 --> 00:42:51.233
of our society, which is--
and--and what we want.

00:42:51.233 --> 00:42:52.300
We come to learn.

00:42:52.300 --> 00:42:53.833
Pati:
You come to learn?

00:42:53.833 --> 00:42:55.733
The teachers are
really nice.

00:42:57.767 --> 00:42:59.033
Pati, voice-over:
Every border town like this

00:42:59.033 --> 00:43:00.533
has a unique
relationship

00:43:00.533 --> 00:43:02.133
with the one
on the other side,

00:43:02.133 --> 00:43:04.633
but here it feels alive
and thriving in a way

00:43:04.633 --> 00:43:06.833
that deeply benefits
each country.

00:43:06.833 --> 00:43:09.667
But, more importantly,
each kid.

00:43:09.667 --> 00:43:13.800
[Applause]

00:43:18.300 --> 00:43:21.433
And while the Columbus
school system is investing

00:43:21.433 --> 00:43:23.233
in the future,

00:43:23.233 --> 00:43:25.767
there's a community deep
in the remote landscape

00:43:25.767 --> 00:43:27.433
of Northern Chihuahua

00:43:27.433 --> 00:43:31.167
that is very much focused
on the past.

00:43:31.167 --> 00:43:34.100
For the Mennonite
community in El Sabinal,

00:43:34.100 --> 00:43:37.100
a century of seclusion
preserves their principles

00:43:37.100 --> 00:43:40.200
and carries on their devotedly
Christian culture.

00:43:40.200 --> 00:43:41.800
[Speaking German]

00:43:41.800 --> 00:43:44.833
Gender roles are based
on Biblical teachings.

00:43:44.833 --> 00:43:47.967
Men working
in the fields.

00:43:47.967 --> 00:43:51.500
Women cooking
and cleaning.

00:43:51.500 --> 00:43:55.833
[Singing in German]

00:43:55.833 --> 00:43:57.567
Where the native language
of the people,

00:43:57.567 --> 00:44:01.067
low German, is as foreign
as their fashion.

00:44:03.133 --> 00:44:06.467
[Speaking German]

00:44:13.333 --> 00:44:15.567
Oh!

00:44:15.567 --> 00:44:16.833
Pati, voice-over:
The Mennonite cheese

00:44:16.833 --> 00:44:18.767
is famous
throughout Mexico

00:44:18.767 --> 00:44:21.800
and I've been eating it
since I was little.

00:44:21.800 --> 00:44:24.700
David Hiedert is
the cheese maker in charge

00:44:24.700 --> 00:44:26.200
in the Sabinal.

00:44:26.200 --> 00:44:28.167
One of many small
colonies of Mennonites

00:44:28.167 --> 00:44:29.633
here, in Mexico.

00:44:29.633 --> 00:44:31.867
[Speaking Spanish]

00:44:36.433 --> 00:44:37.833
Pati, voice-over:
The Mennonites,

00:44:37.833 --> 00:44:39.567
with Swiss-Germanic roots,

00:44:39.567 --> 00:44:42.567
began arriving in Canada
in the 1700s,

00:44:42.567 --> 00:44:45.033
but eventually decided
they needed

00:44:45.033 --> 00:44:48.833
less government intervention
and more isolation.

00:44:48.833 --> 00:44:50.733
They found
what they were seeking

00:44:50.733 --> 00:44:53.567
in the 1920s,
deep in the borderlands.

00:44:53.567 --> 00:44:59.833
[Music]

00:44:59.833 --> 00:45:01.567
Mmm!

00:45:01.567 --> 00:45:04.733
[Speaking Spanish]

00:45:24.433 --> 00:45:25.833
Pati, voice-over:
After a few hours

00:45:25.833 --> 00:45:27.833
in the molds,
the cottage cheese

00:45:27.833 --> 00:45:30.100
is transformed
into the familiar

00:45:30.100 --> 00:45:31.567
Mennonite cheese.

00:45:31.567 --> 00:45:34.067
[Speaking Spanish]

00:45:54.533 --> 00:45:56.300
Pati, voice-over:
Jacob Harder is

00:45:56.300 --> 00:45:58.433
a local farmer here,

00:45:58.433 --> 00:46:00.433
who has been working
with the cows

00:46:00.433 --> 00:46:02.033
since he was a child.

00:46:02.033 --> 00:46:03.700
His 54 dairy cows

00:46:03.700 --> 00:46:05.533
supply milk
for this community

00:46:05.533 --> 00:46:06.633
and others.

00:46:06.633 --> 00:46:09.767
[Speaking Spanish]

00:46:18.033 --> 00:46:19.000
[Laughter]

00:46:19.000 --> 00:46:20.633
Pati, voice-over:
The majority

00:46:20.633 --> 00:46:23.033
of Mennonites here
are conservative

00:46:23.033 --> 00:46:24.433
and technology,

00:46:24.433 --> 00:46:26.400
which they view
as a tool for sin,

00:46:26.400 --> 00:46:28.967
comes slowly
to El Sabinal.

00:46:28.967 --> 00:46:31.967
It's embraced by some,
but rejected by most.

00:46:31.967 --> 00:46:34.833
Even causing families
to split.

00:46:34.833 --> 00:46:36.967
Jacob's parents chose
to leave the colony

00:46:36.967 --> 00:46:39.700
for a more traditional
community in Campeche,

00:46:39.700 --> 00:46:41.633
shunning things
like television

00:46:41.633 --> 00:46:43.100
and cell phones.

00:46:43.100 --> 00:46:46.367
Even rubber tires
for their tractors.

00:46:46.367 --> 00:46:49.467
[Speaking Spanish]

00:46:58.567 --> 00:47:00.767
[Speaks German]

00:47:00.767 --> 00:47:02.133
Pati, voice-over:
This boy just jumped

00:47:02.133 --> 00:47:03.500
off a big truck

00:47:03.500 --> 00:47:05.600
and he's dropping off
a paycheck.

00:47:05.600 --> 00:47:08.033
[Speaking Spanish]

00:47:10.633 --> 00:47:13.167
[Laughter]

00:47:13.167 --> 00:47:15.800
[Speaking Spanish]

00:47:15.800 --> 00:47:17.667
He's probably sitting...

00:47:17.667 --> 00:47:20.667
[Speaking Spanish]

00:47:26.533 --> 00:47:28.067
Pati, voice-over:
The Mennonites came

00:47:28.067 --> 00:47:30.967
to the borderlands to
live by their own rules.

00:47:30.967 --> 00:47:33.133
Who needs a bike
when you can have

00:47:33.133 --> 00:47:35.733
400 horsepower?

00:47:35.733 --> 00:47:38.133
[Speaking Spanish]

00:47:59.233 --> 00:48:02.567
[Singing in German]

00:48:02.567 --> 00:48:04.067
Pati, voice-over:
The learning continues

00:48:04.067 --> 00:48:07.200
in this one room
Mennonite school house.

00:48:07.200 --> 00:48:09.967
[Singing in German]

00:48:09.967 --> 00:48:11.767
Boys on one side
of the room,

00:48:11.767 --> 00:48:14.100
girls on the other.

00:48:14.100 --> 00:48:18.367
So do you--like everyone
here speaks German, right?

00:48:18.367 --> 00:48:20.000
Yes. Yeah.

00:48:20.000 --> 00:48:23.300
And in your home and in church
and everything is German.

00:48:23.300 --> 00:48:28.567
Well, in church we--we use
the high German language.

00:48:28.567 --> 00:48:31.200
And in school?

00:48:31.200 --> 00:48:32.900
It's both.

00:48:32.900 --> 00:48:35.533
Julius, wait, how do you
say Julius in German?

00:48:35.533 --> 00:48:36.900
Yeltse.

00:48:36.900 --> 00:48:38.267
By the end of
our conversation,

00:48:38.267 --> 00:48:40.033
I'm gonna say it
right, Yeltse.

00:48:40.033 --> 00:48:41.167
Yeltse.

00:48:41.167 --> 00:48:42.467
Did I say it right?

00:48:42.467 --> 00:48:43.967
Pati, voice-over:
Julius or Yeltse

00:48:43.967 --> 00:48:45.733
was born in Mexico
and would spend

00:48:45.733 --> 00:48:47.700
his winters
here as a child.

00:48:47.700 --> 00:48:50.700
In warmer months,
his family would relocate

00:48:50.700 --> 00:48:52.433
to Alberta, Canada,

00:48:52.433 --> 00:48:53.933
where Julius
was educated

00:48:53.933 --> 00:48:55.967
in the Canadian
public school system.

00:48:55.967 --> 00:48:57.833
So you have a big job
in your hands

00:48:57.833 --> 00:48:59.700
because you have
so many kids.

00:48:59.700 --> 00:49:02.733
I have girls, 14,
and boys, 14, too.

00:49:02.733 --> 00:49:04.267
It--it's even.

00:49:04.267 --> 00:49:05.600
So almost 30 kids.

00:49:05.600 --> 00:49:08.300
From what age
to what age?

00:49:08.300 --> 00:49:11.033
Five and six to 12.

00:49:11.033 --> 00:49:14.033
[Laughter]

00:49:14.033 --> 00:49:15.900
Pati, voice-over:
Julius didn't set out

00:49:15.900 --> 00:49:18.833
to be a teacher
or a preacher.

00:49:18.833 --> 00:49:20.500
They made me
a preacher here,

00:49:20.500 --> 00:49:23.800
that's not my...

00:49:27.067 --> 00:49:28.200
I can't say it.

00:49:28.200 --> 00:49:29.333
Choice?

00:49:29.333 --> 00:49:30.467
Yeah.

00:49:30.467 --> 00:49:32.433
That was not my choice.

00:49:32.433 --> 00:49:33.767
People did it for...

00:49:33.767 --> 00:49:36.300
Well, probably,
God did it for me.

00:49:36.300 --> 00:49:40.000
That was not my--
my goal or something.

00:49:40.000 --> 00:49:44.167
It was somebody
else's. Yeah.

00:49:44.167 --> 00:49:46.300
What did you want
to do?

00:49:46.300 --> 00:49:47.633
What would be your--?

00:49:47.633 --> 00:49:49.133
Like, what do you think
you're good at

00:49:49.133 --> 00:49:50.600
or your calling?

00:49:50.600 --> 00:49:52.733
Uh, my thing
that I had in mind

00:49:52.733 --> 00:49:56.600
was, uh, songwriter,
singing.

00:49:56.600 --> 00:49:58.967
That was my--That
was my dream.

00:49:58.967 --> 00:50:01.200
And my specialty,
but...

00:50:01.200 --> 00:50:03.133
Yeah?

00:50:03.133 --> 00:50:07.400
I did have a chance,
a little, but I passed.

00:50:09.500 --> 00:50:12.000
My choice would be
to make changes

00:50:12.000 --> 00:50:15.567
that are helping us
to go forward,

00:50:15.567 --> 00:50:19.833
but they think
it's not...

00:50:19.833 --> 00:50:23.567
not for us that
we make changes.

00:50:23.567 --> 00:50:27.633
We have to stay
by the old...

00:50:27.633 --> 00:50:29.667
The old, uh, teachings.

00:50:29.667 --> 00:50:31.600
So you think
electricity is fine

00:50:31.600 --> 00:50:34.433
because it helps you
have an easier life.

00:50:34.433 --> 00:50:36.667
Yes, that's right.

00:50:36.667 --> 00:50:40.767
It helps us to do
what's necessary.

00:50:43.067 --> 00:50:46.100
What's your biggest hope
for them for the future?

00:50:46.100 --> 00:50:48.567
It's like the new
generation, right?

00:50:48.567 --> 00:50:49.933
I would hope for them

00:50:49.933 --> 00:50:52.500
that they--
that they hold on

00:50:52.500 --> 00:50:55.567
to faith, that was--

00:50:55.567 --> 00:50:57.900
that's my--my only
concern for them.

00:50:57.900 --> 00:51:00.700
Really, because that's--
that's the only thing

00:51:00.700 --> 00:51:03.267
that gets us
through life.

00:51:03.267 --> 00:51:05.400
Pati, voice-over:
A deep faith is at the core

00:51:05.400 --> 00:51:06.867
of this Mennonite colony.

00:51:06.867 --> 00:51:08.933
And its traditions
can be found not only

00:51:08.933 --> 00:51:11.467
in the school,
but also in the kitchen.

00:51:11.467 --> 00:51:13.700
[Speaking Spanish]

00:51:18.233 --> 00:51:19.833
Pati, voice-over:
In the home of Johan,

00:51:19.833 --> 00:51:21.433
his wife Ofelia
and their daughters

00:51:21.433 --> 00:51:22.967
are turning
simple ingredients

00:51:22.967 --> 00:51:26.767
into something
beautifully robust.

00:51:26.767 --> 00:51:30.000
[Speaking German]

00:51:30.000 --> 00:51:32.600
[Speaking Spanish]

00:51:53.767 --> 00:51:55.833
I was expecting
empanadas.

00:51:55.833 --> 00:51:58.300
But these are like
gigantic dumplings.

00:51:58.300 --> 00:52:00.233
I've never seen
empanadas

00:52:00.233 --> 00:52:02.700
being boiled
in water before.

00:52:02.700 --> 00:52:05.133
[Speaking Spanish]

00:52:05.133 --> 00:52:06.867
Pati, voice-over:
And because Ofelia

00:52:06.867 --> 00:52:09.700
can't speak Spanish
or English, I must wait

00:52:09.700 --> 00:52:12.400
for her husband
to answer.

00:52:14.300 --> 00:52:16.933
[Speaking Spanish]

00:52:21.867 --> 00:52:35.533
[Music]

00:52:35.533 --> 00:52:38.900
[Speaking Spanish]

00:52:58.233 --> 00:53:00.233
Pati, voice-over:
Hans is the elected leader

00:53:00.233 --> 00:53:02.133
of this Mennonite colony.

00:53:02.133 --> 00:53:05.067
[Speaking Spanish]

00:53:15.233 --> 00:53:16.967
Pati, voice-over:
A colony celebrating

00:53:16.967 --> 00:53:19.300
its centennial,
here, in Chihuahua.

00:53:19.300 --> 00:53:20.567
You showed me this
and it says,

00:53:20.567 --> 00:53:23.467
"100 years,
Mennonites in Mexico,

00:53:23.467 --> 00:53:26.167
1922-2022."

00:53:29.100 --> 00:53:30.767
Pati, voice-over:
Believers who live simply

00:53:30.767 --> 00:53:33.000
and follow faithfully.

00:53:34.467 --> 00:53:37.267
[Speaking Spanish]

00:53:37.267 --> 00:53:39.133
Pati, voice-over:
While the rest of the world

00:53:39.133 --> 00:53:40.800
races ahead.

00:53:43.467 --> 00:53:45.233
Even in the most
remote places,

00:53:45.233 --> 00:53:47.933
the borderlands
are teaming with life.

00:53:47.933 --> 00:53:50.767
But the life of
a borderlander, a fronterizo,

00:53:50.767 --> 00:53:53.233
is one that straddles
the liminal space

00:53:53.233 --> 00:53:54.633
between different worlds

00:53:54.633 --> 00:53:58.000
and flows with
unprecedented possibilities.

00:53:58.000 --> 00:54:00.100
If my travels
have revealed anything,

00:54:00.100 --> 00:54:02.433
it's how little
we understand

00:54:02.433 --> 00:54:04.767
the U.S.-Mexico
borderlands.

00:54:04.767 --> 00:54:07.767
For me, my appetite
to learn more

00:54:07.767 --> 00:54:10.600
only grows
more insatiable

00:54:10.600 --> 00:54:13.467
each time I explore
a new place

00:54:13.467 --> 00:54:16.067
in La Frontera.

00:54:20.233 --> 00:54:23.233
[Music]