WEBVTT

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[music]

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[music]

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It\'s coming out to your
city to six on check point.

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Women national MP Marilyn Waring
agrees donations to political colony

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should be made public. Marilyn Waring unimpressed
with politics these days since 1983,

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she hasn\'t belonged to any political party
but from what she seen, she thinks that

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now a lot of (inaudible) by companies to
get the year of whichever parties empower.

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I think the thing that (inaudible) emerged through
that, you know, there wouldn\'t be a situation

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where someone from the Salvation
Army, or a woman refugee,

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or rape crisis center, or the
modern women (inaudible) etcetera

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would be invited to a lunch at, you know, at
a $100 a plate to meet with the minister.

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I mean what… what these kind of a event
mean? Is it more and more exclusive elite

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exceeds to ministers, but what the
company is buying (inaudible)

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exceeds to that minister in the future.
(inaudible) indeed Marilyn Waring.

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Tuning to the finance, gold
in the Hong Kong (inaudible)

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price in US dollars is unchanged to
$339 an ounce. The interest rates

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for five-year government
(inaudible) that 0.02%

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on that (inaudible) prices. Have you
seen a dollar with (inaudible) 54.12

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(inaudible) that some changed
to 60.4 (inaudible).

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When I was writing \"If Women Counted?\",
I get up very early in the morning

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and at the window the grass
would be covered in dew.

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What you can hear was the wind
and the trees, the waves,

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and the sea and the sky
was so clear and blue

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and beach should be empty.

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When I look around the view
you could see the hill rising

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out of the sea. When I look
at them, just untouched,

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their looks are beautiful. Apparently
they\'re of no value at all, at

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least according to the economic system.

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[music]

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I\'m David Gutnick and you\'re
listening to CBC radio 914.

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For those of you suffering from economics
anxiety, there maybe relief on the way.

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Dr. Marilyn Waring is speaking in Montreal
this evening. She\'s a feminist economist

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and she\'s the author of \"If Women Counted?\" published
in some countries as \"Counting for Nothing\".

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Her work has been hailed as having
global, even historical significance.

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I don\'t know about you but I think

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I suffer from economic anxiety, as soon as someone starts
talking about the United Nations and global accounts

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and budgets and free trade and all
that stuff… I think most people do.

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You\'re taught that economics is
something that is out of reach

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and you can\'t touch it and you can\'t really understand
it until somebody likes it and comes around and says,

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\"Well, hey, it touches your life as much
as it touches international trade.\"

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What do you mean suspicions? Suspicions
that things are not as they seem,

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having come from a family where
I was raised a single mother

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and realizing they\'re great injustices.
What use is economics

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if it\'s not for the people and about the
people? The more that you smoke cigarettes

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or the more that you have automobile
accidents, the more growth increases.

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Now I\'d be fairly unlikely having
smashed my car to come home and say,

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\"Darling, don\'t worry about it. We\'ve just
contributed to the national income of the country.\"

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I mean I wouldn\'t run my household
like that and I can\'t think like that.

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We… I would consider that a loss, you know,
I would kind of consider them a debit

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in my account, a cost, not a benefit.

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National income accounting
doesn\'t have a debit side,

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as long as the activity passes through
the market its good for growth.

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Let me give you a very easy example,

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the voyage of the Exxon Valdez.
The Exxon Valdez

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is most likely, the most
productive oil tank of voyage

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even on… on the face of the planet. Now
if it simply loaded up its oil in Alaska

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and made its way down the West Coast
and discharged into a bunker,

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it would\'ve been a moderately
productive voyage in economic terms

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but if you want to have fantastic growth,

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it\'s very good idea to ram
your tanker into an iceberg.

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Immediately there are the insurance costs

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in the new tanker, this is great
for growth. Then there are

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other civil legal proceedings and
the criminal legal proceedings.

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Immediately of course there\'s the
payment for the cleanup operation,

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then down the way a little bit,

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there are the compensations
to fisher people

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and the compensations to
the tourist industry.

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[sil.]

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And of course there is the film, the television
rights, the book, the various newspaper

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and media exercises that go on,
and of course consequently

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there is the influx of subscriptions to
memberships of every greenly(ph) organization

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you can think of.

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A fantastically productive
oil tanker voyage.

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You see what I mean? It
all added to growth.

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Nobody stood there and said, \"Dear me, just
lost an oil tanker, better subtract that

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from the national income accounts.\"
I think most economists\' place

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of… of affirmative value on being incomprehensible
and they… they seem to value their work

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in inverse ratio to their
ability to be understood.

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There are some exceptions to that, John Kenneth
Galbraith, for instance, writes comprehensively.

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But Marilyn because she… her
goal is to be understood.

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She understands very well that if people don\'t
have the information they can\'t act on it,

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demystifies the language
and really makes economics

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as it should be, simply
the way we impute value

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to that which we consider valuable.

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[music]

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The word economics from
the Greek Oeconomicus,

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it means the care and
management of a household.

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Economics has pretensions being concerned

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with notions of value, the word value

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is defined from the Latin valorem.
It\'s a beautiful word,

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it means to be strong or to be worthy.
It has nothing to do

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with capital or material gain.

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On the New Zealand share market (inaudible)

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today 1,627 (inaudible). The share market
was busy this afternoon. They were 39 rises

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and 24 on a total (inaudible)
of $53.8 million.

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That\'s the finance in that
zone from check point.

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In Canada, right now, we\'ve just signed a free
trade agreement with United States and Mexico.

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We hear that it\'s all a question of productivity, this is
gonna be good for economies. This is gonna boost our GNP.

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We look across to Europe and same thing is happening
in Europe, the (inaudible) treaty is signed

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and all these countries are saying, \"Well, yeah, this
will be great for becoming together. This will be good

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for our economies.\" How does
someone like you react to that?

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Well, it… it might change GDP figures but
you starting from the wrong premise.

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I mean, all of these decisions were based
on the wrong figures in the first place.

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Fifteen, twenty years we\'ve had these
clichés, we\'ve hit this rate (inaudible),

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you know, inside or outside discussions on free
trade. You tell us things are getting better,

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it\'s perfectly obvious to us,
that are is getting worse,

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our education systems are failing the poorest people,
there is more poverty, there is more homeless,

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there are more housing crises.
We might well have growth,

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you know, you might be proving it to us but
when I or we look around our communities,

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we can\'t see this being realized.
In fact, maybe we don\'t believe it

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and I suspect that the unease that is
in Canada and in the United States,

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and let me tell you, in Mexico about
NAFTA has to do with the fact that

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it doesn\'t matter what they say,
GDP might grow up, but GDP is

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utterly unrelated to the well-being of a
community. It tells you nothing about

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levels of poverty, it tells you nothing
about the distribution of poverty,

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it tells you nothing about primary health care,
educational standards, environmental cleanliness,

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and folks have realized that,

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this uni-dimensional economic fabrication just
doesn\'t bear any relationship to their lives.

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Your work… what you\'re saying I don\'t really know if
the word radical can contain it because you\'re saying

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all of these ways of looking at economics and
the way we discussed trade and productivity

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up on a blackboard, just wipe it clean.

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Well, I have the word radical doesn\'t compass it actually
because it comes from the Latin derivation radius,

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it means from the root of things.

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[music]

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It was 1975 with
International Women\'s here.

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I was 22 years old and I put my name in

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and sort of six weeks later with
some horror, they recognized that

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I\'d just been chosen the candidate for
a safe seat that I couldn\'t lose.

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Honorable members of the
House of Representatives.

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You made here today as members
of the 38th parliament.

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I just notice (inaudible) ready.
Yes, yes, (inaudible) was amazement

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that all those wonderful legislative changes purposed in
the (inaudible) where it mentioned on the (inaudible).

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When you came in the door, of course,
you should always bow to the speaker

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and then judge will sit here…

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Uh… I was a feminist and I thought women should be in office but
I didn\'t want to be there, I wanted to be a classical musician.

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[sil.]

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I\'m not sure whether they put me up here to
keep me quite so that I\'m nearest the door.

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My constituency was

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almost everything you can see.

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Basically the farmers around here really
work with the… with the forces of nature.

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So you can see lots of
shelter belts retain,

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umm… lots of planting of trees,

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not too much scarring of the landscape.

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It\'s a wonderful topography.

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Here it\'s a wonderful shape.

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It was from the west coast, it included

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most of the… the hills in the
mountains in the Waikato basin,

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so I was quite particular about what
was going on in the higher areas.

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You know, quite a number of us all
timers who are fairly apprehensive.

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We\'ve heard a bit about this young woman
and… and her beliefs and so on, so we were

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a little bit apprehensive about
what we were going to come across.

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They were extraordinary moments for me

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because people were calling
me a radical feminist and

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here I was in the
constituency that was rural,

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it was white, it was properties,
it was extremely conservative

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and I was working with predominantly men

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and I realized in this nothing radical
about what I\'m saying it all.

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Umm… Not in the context
of… of land like this,

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not in the context of values that this
land teaches you. It was in the summer

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towards the end of… of February,
I think it was and I think

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we must be making some light hay
and this long head young woman

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knocked on my door and said that she was
(inaudible) and I knew her she was sit rest,

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looking for support for candidacy.
And I said, \"Well, okay,

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if you don\'t mind waiting minutes, I\'m just making some
(inaudible) to give out to the… to the men in the field.\"

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And my daughter woke and was very
fractious and I couldn\'t do that

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and look after her and look after these (inaudible) and
orange juice and the sandwiches and things like that.

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So Marilyn (inaudible) said, \"Well, come
on, seasonal take you out of the garden.

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They picked the white
butterfly caterpillars

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off my rather eaten cabbages.\" So I kept out of
the way while I finished doing what I was doing

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and then afterwards, we sat down
on the step, the cold orange juice

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and I said to her, \"I\'ve done this before.
I don\'t know what sort of questions

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to ask you as a delegate. \" And
she said, \" Well, I\'ve never been

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a candidate before so I can\'t help you.\"

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It was really exciting, umm… the
hall exploited for those of us

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who are supporting Marilyn, it
exploited with cheers and we felt as

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if we\'ve done something really very exciting.
Of course, we had, umm… and she went on

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from there to be a very strong… certainly
strong (inaudible) for women\'s rights

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and a conscience really for… for those
really (inaudible). And I loved watching

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the conservative mean of the electorate.

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Absolutely… absolutely sort of hang on every
word she said. Oh, come on. Oh, come on. I did.

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You were one of those. Yes.
I… I don\'t know that

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she ever turned down anybody or lift an unfinished
job, but there were Maori problems as well as

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if there was anything that she thought would
be of interest to us or we should know,

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she came and told us and that was a new
approach that somebody cared enough.

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We didn\'t have to go to Marilyn, she
came to us. I don\'t suppose Marilyn that

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you\'ll speak before maiden speech. No.

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And I\'m… I\'m sure you won\'t ever a problem about
this. You\'ve had a good lot of experience

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so I watched you and I\'m absolutely confident
that you\'ll have no trouble at all.

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It doesn\'t make any listeners. Haha. Perhaps
that\'s so but I\'m… I\'m confident that

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your manager all right. (inaudible)? Yes? Could
you find a piece of paper and a pen on the desk?

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Yes. And write on it

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so I can read it because I\'ve forgotten
to put the beginning of my speech.

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I realized that I am the youngest member
of the house and I would not (inaudible)

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any minute of this house
anything about politics.

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And men should be well aware
that occasions will arrive

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when I feel that further representation should be
given the point of view of the youth and the women

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of this country for approaching
immediately unrepresented in this house.

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(inaudible) time when I feared

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approaching (inaudible) advance the interest
of (inaudible) groups, I will do so.

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[sil.]

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Every women in New Zealand knows about Marilyn Waring
and offers up a small thanks to her for making it

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much… much easier for the…
I think that\'s Marilyn\'s

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uh… plaque if you like it, it
may not be see seasoned missile

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but it\'s (inaudible) on the many
women\'s hands, I know that.

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There\'s umm… a phrase in Maori,
Turangawaewae, a place to stand.

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And my constituency was my place to stand. I
mean, I came from here, you could shove me

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out of here and you couldn\'t tell me
what the people here wanted, you know,

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I was one of them and so I had a real legitimacy
because this was my to Turangawaewae.

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Marilyn Waring no-nonsense
approach to parliamentary politics

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earned her respect early in just her second
term, she was appointed Chairperson of

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the prestigious public expenditure committee, the position
for which she had criticism of the effectiveness of controls

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on government spending, accountability of
politicians and the dead hand of bureaucracy.

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In a small country like New Zealand,
this is the sole budget appropriations,

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Public Accounts Committee of a parliament.
So we review everything

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of it in terms of the whole
45 government ministries

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and departments and trading divisions.

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And, of course, you can imagine that the
situation as bad nine men, you know,

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in their suits with me the… the small junior at
the end of the table faced by treasury officials

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or departmental officials at
the other end of the table.

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And I develop the art of the dumb question.

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Umm… I was amazed all the time,
they would wheeling up these papers

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and the difficulty was all full
of (inaudible) economic phrases

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and I didn\'t understand what they mean. So I
would wait until it was my turn and I would say,

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\"What does so and so mean?\" You know, and
they would give you an answer and I\'d say,

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you know, \"Do you have any English that
you can explain that in any real words?\"

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And I can still recall, you know,

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interchanges when they were briefing me in my office and
I… they would teach me something and I would say that

00:20:00.000 --> 00:20:04.999
\"That\'s preposterous, or that\'s crazy or
that\'s ludicrous,\" and they would say to me,

00:20:05.000 --> 00:20:09.999
\"Well, what do you suggest,
but those are the rules.\"

00:20:10.000 --> 00:20:14.999
And I couldn\'t believe that
these enormous paradoxes

00:20:15.000 --> 00:20:19.999
or pathologies that I was discovering

00:20:20.000 --> 00:20:24.999
were part of an international economic system. I thought, you
know, maybe it\'s just we make bad policy in New Zealand.

00:20:25.000 --> 00:20:29.999
Other countries started to invite me there

00:20:30.000 --> 00:20:34.999
as their guest and when you went there, you
could ask to see the Achaean(ph) people

00:20:35.000 --> 00:20:39.999
of Public Accounts Committee, the treasury
boards, their budget appropriations committees.

00:20:40.000 --> 00:20:44.999
And I began to realize

00:20:45.000 --> 00:20:49.999
nothing to do with New Zealand.
These are the rules everywhere

00:20:50.000 --> 00:20:54.999
and I… I developed very early. I kind of…

00:20:55.000 --> 00:20:59.999
it was a personal technique which was
in any community that I went into,

00:21:00.000 --> 00:21:04.999
I\'d ask until I was introduced
to a woman of my age

00:21:05.000 --> 00:21:09.999
and I would try and develop
a trust in that situation

00:21:10.000 --> 00:21:14.999
and then on a… on a number of occasions,

00:21:15.000 --> 00:21:19.999
spend an entire day with her, you know, telling my
little tape recorder what she was doing all the time

00:21:20.000 --> 00:21:24.999
and taking photographs of her.

00:21:25.000 --> 00:21:29.999
(inaudible) was a 14-year-old who
lived in the live out in Zimbabwe

00:21:30.000 --> 00:21:34.999
and I\'m interested in the
work days of young women

00:21:35.000 --> 00:21:39.999
because the International Labor
Organization specifies that

00:21:40.000 --> 00:21:44.999
under 14-year olds don\'t work.
You\'ve got to realize that

00:21:45.000 --> 00:21:49.999
in many cultures don\'t think in terms of morning,
afternoon and evening, so the easiest way is

00:21:50.000 --> 00:21:54.999
just to draw a line in
the dirt, mark a point

00:21:55.000 --> 00:21:59.999
where, you know, the villages
get the sun coming up,

00:22:00.000 --> 00:22:04.999
the sun at a midpoint in the morning,

00:22:05.000 --> 00:22:09.999
the sun directly above the village
and going down in the afternoon

00:22:10.000 --> 00:22:14.999
and sunset and then

00:22:15.000 --> 00:22:19.999
just stars out in the night time.

00:22:20.000 --> 00:22:24.999
And then you just sit quietly
for however long it takes

00:22:25.000 --> 00:22:29.999
and… and worked through, you know. When
the sun is here, what are you doing?

00:22:30.000 --> 00:22:34.999
When it\'s moved to this point, what
are you doing? When it\'s right high

00:22:35.000 --> 00:22:39.999
in the sky, above the village,
what\'s happening then?

00:22:40.000 --> 00:22:44.999
As it\'s coming down in the afternoon, where
are you, how far from the village are you?

00:22:45.000 --> 00:22:49.999
At sunrise… at sunset,

00:22:50.000 --> 00:22:54.999
what\'s happening then and when the
stars finally come out at night,

00:22:55.000 --> 00:22:59.999
you asleep yet or are you still working.
There\'s no leisure in these periods at all

00:23:00.000 --> 00:23:04.999
and we\'re speaking of 16 to 18
hour days every day of the week.

00:23:05.000 --> 00:23:09.999
And all of the activities that they\'re
involved in… in this time are unrecorded.

00:23:10.000 --> 00:23:14.999
They called non-productive,
they called an economic.

00:23:15.000 --> 00:23:19.999
These women are apparently
at leisure during these

00:23:20.000 --> 00:23:24.999
enormously work filled days.

00:23:25.000 --> 00:23:29.999
Time is the one primary thing we
all have to exchange and time use

00:23:30.000 --> 00:23:34.999
best describes women\'s lives anyway.
There\'s no reason

00:23:35.000 --> 00:23:39.999
why we could not do major census surveys

00:23:40.000 --> 00:23:44.999
in terms of time use, uh… just as
we do since the surveys for income.

00:23:45.000 --> 00:23:49.999
These time use surveys were
conducted in Pakistan,

00:23:50.000 --> 00:23:54.999
you can record time use so easily and

00:23:55.000 --> 00:23:59.999
immediately see the differences in the
lifestyles between women and men.

00:24:00.000 --> 00:24:04.999
You can see here straight away that men
engage in about five different activities

00:24:05.000 --> 00:24:09.999
during the day and that
women in about a dozen

00:24:10.000 --> 00:24:14.999
that they are continually broken, in
addition you\'ve got to remember that

00:24:15.000 --> 00:24:19.999
most of these activities are going
to be simultaneous with child care

00:24:20.000 --> 00:24:24.999
or food preparation, uh… you
can see that men\'s days are

00:24:25.000 --> 00:24:29.999
much… much shorter than women\'s. Don\'t
be confused by where these lines are.

00:24:30.000 --> 00:24:34.999
All of this orange color is
leisure and personal activities

00:24:35.000 --> 00:24:39.999
and you will notice that there\'s so little of
that in respect of women\'s activities here.

00:24:40.000 --> 00:24:44.999
When we analyzed this in terms of time use,

00:24:45.000 --> 00:24:49.999
we found that the most exacting
activity that took the most time

00:24:50.000 --> 00:24:54.999
was that, for women for
five hours every day,

00:24:55.000 --> 00:24:59.999
they were involved in food preparation
and cooking, primarily cooking.

00:25:00.000 --> 00:25:04.999
And what that demonstrated to us was the
complete inefficiency of the (inaudible)

00:25:05.000 --> 00:25:09.999
or their cooking stoves. Now
if you want to increase

00:25:10.000 --> 00:25:14.999
the productivity of this village,
the particular technology change

00:25:15.000 --> 00:25:19.999
that is needed in new stoves.

00:25:20.000 --> 00:25:24.999
This is where the priorities lie and
it lies in cutting down their time.

00:25:25.000 --> 00:25:29.999
In Pakistan, the women needed stones.

00:25:30.000 --> 00:25:34.999
In Kenya, the technology priority
is inexpensive water pumps

00:25:35.000 --> 00:25:40.000
to save the woman time every day.

00:26:00.000 --> 00:26:08.000
[non-English narration]

00:26:35.000 --> 00:26:39.999
And the translator asks
and what do the men do?

00:26:40.000 --> 00:26:48.000
[sil.]

00:26:55.000 --> 00:27:03.000
A man in the crowd answers.

00:27:25.000 --> 00:27:30.000
[sil.]

00:27:35.000 --> 00:27:39.999
[sil.]

00:27:40.000 --> 00:27:44.999
It\'s perfectly obvious that

00:27:45.000 --> 00:27:49.999
the people who are visible to you as
contributors to the economy are the people

00:27:50.000 --> 00:27:54.999
who will be visible when you make
policy and if you\'re not visible

00:27:55.000 --> 00:27:59.999
as a producer in a nation\'s economy
then you\'re going to be invisible

00:28:00.000 --> 00:28:04.999
in the distribution of benefits.
And wherever eyeballs…

00:28:05.000 --> 00:28:09.999
this was the world situation for women.

00:28:10.000 --> 00:28:14.999
[sil.]

00:28:15.000 --> 00:28:19.999
Very often to in… in say
so-called developed countries,

00:28:20.000 --> 00:28:24.999
they\'ll be… what you call,

00:28:25.000 --> 00:28:29.999
pay as you go superannuation scheme,

00:28:30.000 --> 00:28:34.999
so that if you\'re not earning a salary or
a wage, you actually can\'t contribute.

00:28:35.000 --> 00:28:39.999
So you frequently have women who\'ve worked

00:28:40.000 --> 00:28:44.999
uh… fantastically long hours, 40-45 years

00:28:45.000 --> 00:28:49.999
that never had any cash there to
put into a superannuation scheme.

00:28:50.000 --> 00:28:54.999
And that the so-called end of their working life
because they didn\'t stop working till they die,

00:28:55.000 --> 00:28:59.999
but at that point, the government then says,
\"Well, not only have we been invisible

00:29:00.000 --> 00:29:04.999
but now you are wealthy.
Now you are dependent

00:29:05.000 --> 00:29:09.999
on the state, now you obligor,

00:29:10.000 --> 00:29:14.999
now you\'re one of our obligations.\" You know,
so you\'ve got this extraordinary choice.

00:29:15.000 --> 00:29:19.999
You go from being a nobody to being
a problem in spite of the fact that

00:29:20.000 --> 00:29:24.999
of all the people in the population, you just worked
harder than anybody else for all those years,

00:29:25.000 --> 00:29:29.999
except you properly didn\'t get paid for it.

00:29:30.000 --> 00:29:34.999
That\'s becoming part of a… of a global situation
for me. I mean, I\'m able to make analogies

00:29:35.000 --> 00:29:39.999
between the unpaid rural
women in… in Bangladesh

00:29:40.000 --> 00:29:45.000
or in the Philippines and the woman back in
my constituency whose work is also invisible.

00:29:55.000 --> 00:29:59.999
[sil.]

00:30:00.000 --> 00:30:04.999
The magnitude of the
invisibility of women\'s work

00:30:05.000 --> 00:30:09.999
was a major listening from
my parliamentary experience.

00:30:10.000 --> 00:30:14.999
For example, as a politician, it was
literally impossible for me to prove

00:30:15.000 --> 00:30:19.999
a need for childcare facility.
Mothers who are

00:30:20.000 --> 00:30:24.999
inactive and unoccupied
cannot apparently being need.

00:30:25.000 --> 00:30:30.000
He painted at my brother.

00:30:35.000 --> 00:30:39.999
I\'m (inaudible) and I\'ve been at this
place (inaudible) coming up a year.

00:30:40.000 --> 00:30:44.999
It\'s… it\'s the time for
children to… to play

00:30:45.000 --> 00:30:49.999
but it\'s also time for the mothers. It\'s a time where
you can come and say, \"Oh, kind of heck of a day,

00:30:50.000 --> 00:30:54.999
or I need… need a break, or come
have a coffee with somebody.\"

00:30:55.000 --> 00:30:59.999
Umm… When I started off as a mother…
(inaudible). Yes? I want that (inaudible).

00:31:00.000 --> 00:31:04.999
Oh, you can try sniffing them
out, for me while I talk.

00:31:05.000 --> 00:31:09.999
Umm… He is really studs. Chaos.

00:31:10.000 --> 00:31:14.999
Made… made rushes and then comes
that you now have three and five,

00:31:15.000 --> 00:31:19.999
three and… three and a half, it was a made rush
all the time but you just gotten to routine

00:31:20.000 --> 00:31:24.999
in just (inaudible). And then there\'s one
went off to school but (inaudible) came off

00:31:25.000 --> 00:31:29.999
because he she had a bit of time left during
the day that she do realize her jobs.

00:31:30.000 --> 00:31:34.999
And yes, you can just become
very good time management piece…

00:31:35.000 --> 00:31:39.999
(inaudible). It\'s a 24-hour job. We\'ve always
aware what they\'re doing and where they are

00:31:40.000 --> 00:31:44.999
and even when the (inaudible) that he\'s still
sort of thinking up. I go right (inaudible),

00:31:45.000 --> 00:31:49.999
you know, you still (inaudible) one
more time and came to do (inaudible)

00:31:50.000 --> 00:31:54.999
when you live and work in your
home but when you come in here

00:31:55.000 --> 00:31:59.999
and see they were unnecessary (inaudible) screaming because they do their
things and… and all the other group things will go with that as well.

00:32:00.000 --> 00:32:04.999
(inaudible). (inaudible). then you just
sort of (inaudible) much better at cope

00:32:05.000 --> 00:32:09.999
because you know, you know, they\'re the only one that\'s doing
this. You know, we\'re shaping the… the next generation

00:32:10.000 --> 00:32:14.999
so we were just depend on a lot
of in here we do. I\'ll catch you.

00:32:15.000 --> 00:32:19.999
When you leave work, it\'s…
it\'s the stages of women

00:32:20.000 --> 00:32:24.999
that goes (inaudible) as (inaudible)
society but here we will take our own jobs

00:32:25.000 --> 00:32:29.999
and we (inaudible) what we do. We\'ll have the small
role might be so I think that\'s really important.

00:32:30.000 --> 00:32:34.999
Cathy a young middle class house wife,

00:32:35.000 --> 00:32:39.999
spends her day s preparing food, setting the table,
serving meals, clearing food and dishes from the table,

00:32:40.000 --> 00:32:44.999
washing dishes, ironing, keeping an eye on playing with the
children, (inaudible) the children, disciplining children,

00:32:45.000 --> 00:32:49.999
taking the children to day cake or to
school, disposing of garbage, dusting,

00:32:50.000 --> 00:32:54.999
gathering clothes for the washing, doing the laundry, going to
the gas station and supermarket, repairing household items,

00:32:55.000 --> 00:32:59.999
making beds, paying bills, sewing, (inaudible),
knitting, talking with door-to-door sales people,

00:33:00.000 --> 00:33:04.999
cutting the grass, weeding, answering the telephone,
vacuuming, sweeping and washing the floors, shoveling snow,

00:33:05.000 --> 00:33:09.999
cleaning the bathroom and kitchen and putting her
children to bed. Kathy has to face the fact that

00:33:10.000 --> 00:33:14.999
she fills her time in a
totally unproductive manner.

00:33:15.000 --> 00:33:19.999
She too is economically inactive

00:33:20.000 --> 00:33:25.000
and economists record her as unoccupied.

00:33:30.000 --> 00:33:34.999
Ben is a highly trained
member of the US Military.

00:33:35.000 --> 00:33:39.999
His regular duty is to descend
to an underground facility

00:33:40.000 --> 00:33:44.999
where he waits with a colleague. When
I write this, it was a colleague

00:33:45.000 --> 00:33:49.999
but now due to drug abuse in the US
military it\'s with two colleagues…

00:33:50.000 --> 00:33:54.999
For hours at a time, for an order
to fire a nuclear missile.

00:33:55.000 --> 00:33:59.999
[sil.]

00:34:00.000 --> 00:34:04.999
And insert the keys and step in the chair.

00:34:05.000 --> 00:34:09.999
My key is inserted.

00:34:10.000 --> 00:34:14.999
Check. So we\'re ready for step 35,
(inaudible) turning the mid time. Rodger?

00:34:15.000 --> 00:34:19.999
And it shows the (inaudible) so let\'s go (inaudible).
Okay, we\'ll come in, we\'ll simultaneously rotate

00:34:20.000 --> 00:34:24.999
both keys and this will send out the
launch commands to the missiles

00:34:25.000 --> 00:34:29.999
to allow (inaudible). Ready on my mark.
I\'m ready.

00:34:30.000 --> 00:34:34.999
Three, two, one, mark.

00:34:35.000 --> 00:34:39.999
Over for five seconds and release.

00:34:40.000 --> 00:34:44.999
I think (inaudible) is accomplished. And
I\'m gonna know (inaudible) through.

00:34:45.000 --> 00:34:49.999
Check.

00:34:50.000 --> 00:34:54.999
At that point we\'re hoping that (inaudible)
another crew within this (inaudible) turning keys

00:34:55.000 --> 00:34:59.999
the same way that we did, it takes two
crews turning keys at the same time

00:35:00.000 --> 00:35:04.999
to actually launch the missiles. We\'ll
work on a two vault system so one vault

00:35:05.000 --> 00:35:09.999
for similar launch for me and the missile will wait for
a second launch for form another launch (inaudible)

00:35:10.000 --> 00:35:14.999
before they were actually launched.
That\'s it all about.

00:35:15.000 --> 00:35:19.999
So skilled and effective has been
that if his colleague were to attempt

00:35:20.000 --> 00:35:24.999
to subvert an order to fire,
Ben would if all else failed

00:35:25.000 --> 00:35:29.999
be expected to kill him to ensure
a successful missile launch.

00:35:30.000 --> 00:35:34.999
And we\'re… we\'re trained so
highly in our recurring training

00:35:35.000 --> 00:35:39.999
that we take every month and simulators like this
so that we actually had to do it, it would be

00:35:40.000 --> 00:35:44.999
an almost automatic thing. There
wouldn\'t be time for any reflection

00:35:45.000 --> 00:35:49.999
until after we turn the keys.
Ben isn\'t paid work.

00:35:50.000 --> 00:35:54.999
He is economically active.

00:35:55.000 --> 00:35:59.999
His work has value and contribute
as part of the nuclear machine

00:36:00.000 --> 00:36:05.000
to the nation\'s growth,
wealth and productivity.

00:36:15.000 --> 00:36:23.000
[music]

00:36:25.000 --> 00:36:29.999
Since the mid 70s,

00:36:30.000 --> 00:36:34.999
New Zealanders had began to demonstrate
against the (inaudible) of

00:36:35.000 --> 00:36:39.999
nuclear powered or nuclear weapons
bearing ships to New Zealand.

00:36:40.000 --> 00:36:44.999
Well, the nuclear ships issue
wasn\'t just a matter of not having

00:36:45.000 --> 00:36:49.999
nuclear weapons in New Zealand, there\'s
a whole question of sovereignty.

00:36:50.000 --> 00:36:54.999
Here on the wharf and Wellington by treaty,
New Zealand was prohibited to store,

00:36:55.000 --> 00:36:59.999
possess, transport, use nuclear weapons.

00:37:00.000 --> 00:37:04.999
This seemed to me to be treated with
utmost contempt by a so-called ally,

00:37:05.000 --> 00:37:09.999
the United States, who would draw
ships up alongside our boats,

00:37:10.000 --> 00:37:14.999
you know, that we\'re
nuclear-powered or that would have

00:37:15.000 --> 00:37:19.999
nuclear arms on them.
And the only connection

00:37:20.000 --> 00:37:24.999
we had with that industry was
the harboring of these boats

00:37:25.000 --> 00:37:29.999
and so if we were to do anything,
the least and the only thing

00:37:30.000 --> 00:37:34.999
we could do was to ban
them from New Zealand,

00:37:35.000 --> 00:37:39.999
from our territorial waters,
from (inaudible) our wars.

00:37:40.000 --> 00:37:44.999
New Zealand is focused very keenly, they didn\'t
just feel it keenly as a… as a piece issue.

00:37:45.000 --> 00:37:49.999
They felt a very strong is
an environmental issue.

00:37:50.000 --> 00:37:54.999
I left on the hills behind the harbor here.
I used to run to work

00:37:55.000 --> 00:37:59.999
every morning and I remember the mornings I
used to have to run past the warships here

00:38:00.000 --> 00:38:04.999
and I would just feel this knot in
the gut of my stomach and think

00:38:05.000 --> 00:38:09.999
we just don\'t want them here. I mean, they
must be away in which people can say that.

00:38:10.000 --> 00:38:14.999
There should be no nuclear weapons

00:38:15.000 --> 00:38:19.999
inside our sovereign territory. Those were
the words of an MP you wouldn\'t back down

00:38:20.000 --> 00:38:24.999
and that was the conviction that led to the Prime
Minister admitting he couldn\'t count on or vote

00:38:25.000 --> 00:38:29.999
on the nuclear issue. The government had
been reelected with a majority of only one,

00:38:30.000 --> 00:38:34.999
but do you know under the
commonwealth system, there are only

00:38:35.000 --> 00:38:39.999
two matters of confidence on which a
government can fall if they lose in the house.

00:38:40.000 --> 00:38:44.999
One is on the economy

00:38:45.000 --> 00:38:49.999
and the other is on matters of
national security and defense.

00:38:50.000 --> 00:38:54.999
Now you can\'t govern on that basis. You\'ve
got to govern where the set majority…

00:38:55.000 --> 00:38:59.999
Close to midnight and in high spirits, the Prime Minister
with the announcement that shocks a snap election.

00:39:00.000 --> 00:39:04.999
Well, no, six, bring him in. Five.
There\'s a sense of urgency

00:39:05.000 --> 00:39:09.999
about the Parliament by now. I
just withdrew from the government

00:39:10.000 --> 00:39:14.999
on the nuclear legislation
and it forced an election…

00:39:15.000 --> 00:39:19.999
forced an urgent election. So will it blame Waipa
MP Marilyn Waring for not guaranteeing her support

00:39:20.000 --> 00:39:24.999
for her late night ride to Government
House and the dissolution of parliament.

00:39:25.000 --> 00:39:29.999
And almost three terms she\'s crossed
the four more times than any MP

00:39:30.000 --> 00:39:34.999
in New Zealand\'s recent history, that
has been a long and often lonely fight.

00:39:35.000 --> 00:39:39.999
For two of those terms, she was
the only female government MP.

00:39:40.000 --> 00:39:44.999
On some issues, she\'s made enemies and during the
nuclear debate, her political energy was running dry.

00:39:45.000 --> 00:39:49.999
Our attempts to contact Marilyn Waring today have been
unsuccessful. She hasn\'t been in her office all day

00:39:50.000 --> 00:39:54.999
and appears to have gone underground.

00:39:55.000 --> 00:39:59.999
Yeah. Well, I didn\'t… Quite
frankly I didn\'t agree with it,

00:40:00.000 --> 00:40:04.999
umm… but the ride happened, and you
know, you\'ve got to respect Marilyn

00:40:05.000 --> 00:40:09.999
for her dedication and her belief and
as I said that democracy working.

00:40:10.000 --> 00:40:14.999
Umm… That\'s a prime example,
isn\'t it, that, you know,

00:40:15.000 --> 00:40:19.999
one person like that can bring the government on. She had
the majority of people saying, \"Well, good on your Marilyn

00:40:20.000 --> 00:40:24.999
for saying things you are saying,\" and that
she had a reputation for being fearless

00:40:25.000 --> 00:40:29.999
and speaking her mind,
umm… which I think was…

00:40:30.000 --> 00:40:34.999
ordinary people appreciated that very
much indeed. The election was fought

00:40:35.000 --> 00:40:39.999
on nuclear free New Zealand and it was a resounding
victory 72% of New Zealanders has voted for it.

00:40:40.000 --> 00:40:44.999
Did you had any doubts when you walked
across that floor, you knew that

00:40:45.000 --> 00:40:49.999
that the government that was in power, the government
that you are a member of could… could fall?

00:40:50.000 --> 00:40:54.999
Sure, I mean that that\'s what you
said… I mean that it always amazed me

00:40:55.000 --> 00:40:59.999
that that\'s not what members of
Parliament realized they\'re there for.

00:41:00.000 --> 00:41:04.999
I mean, they are ought to have been 86 other people
sitting there thinking that, that\'s our job,

00:41:05.000 --> 00:41:09.999
it seemed to me. I mean, if you\'re elected to go represent
the people, you ought to be really at any minute,

00:41:10.000 --> 00:41:14.999
at any hour, at any day to go on principle.
It\'s not a job for life,

00:41:15.000 --> 00:41:19.999
you know, it\'s part of the
job description is that

00:41:20.000 --> 00:41:24.999
you go on principle, not sit around and
wait until the polls kick you out.

00:41:25.000 --> 00:41:33.000
[music]

00:41:35.000 --> 00:41:39.999
The constituency was in good hands.

00:41:40.000 --> 00:41:44.999
Katherine O\'Regan had taken over my old parliamentary
seat, so I had some time for intensive research,

00:41:45.000 --> 00:41:49.999
and I set off to try to unscramble
the codes of global economics.

00:41:50.000 --> 00:41:55.000
[music]

00:42:00.000 --> 00:42:08.000
[sil.]

00:42:10.000 --> 00:42:18.000
[music]

00:43:20.000 --> 00:43:24.999
When I came to New York to the UN library,

00:43:25.000 --> 00:43:29.999
I didn\'t really have much idea what I expected to find, that
was just that this is where the search kept leading me.

00:43:30.000 --> 00:43:34.999
Everyone kept saying, well,
there are a set of rules

00:43:35.000 --> 00:43:39.999
and they called the United Nations system
of national accounts, and if you wanna read

00:43:40.000 --> 00:43:44.999
the full set, this is
where you\'ve got to come.

00:43:45.000 --> 00:43:49.999
So it was either gonna
be the end of the search

00:43:50.000 --> 00:43:54.999
or the beginning of a
whole new (inaudible).

00:43:55.000 --> 00:44:03.000
[music]

00:44:15.000 --> 00:44:19.999
The United Nations statistical
commission and annual conferences,

00:44:20.000 --> 00:44:24.999
each year most countries will send

00:44:25.000 --> 00:44:29.999
their chief statistician or they\'re retiring government
statistician or whoever it is he wants this little trip,

00:44:30.000 --> 00:44:34.999
umm… after the conference and
they will mostly work on

00:44:35.000 --> 00:44:39.999
documents that have been assembled by the
professionals inside the statistical commission.

00:44:40.000 --> 00:44:44.999
Uh… It is certainly dominated by ideologues

00:44:45.000 --> 00:44:49.999
from the United States and works very, very
closely with the World Bank and the IMF.

00:44:50.000 --> 00:44:54.999
And the difficulty is, of course, that

00:44:55.000 --> 00:44:59.999
hardly anybody from various governments\'
treasuries those people who actually did following

00:45:00.000 --> 00:45:04.999
macroeconomic policy, come anywhere near these
conferences, have any idea what the new rules are,

00:45:05.000 --> 00:45:09.999
live alone of your income.

00:45:10.000 --> 00:45:14.999
When massive international
rules are operating

00:45:15.000 --> 00:45:19.999
in a situation where no-one who is
implementing them as required to read them,

00:45:20.000 --> 00:45:24.999
then you know immediately you have a
massive state of propaganda operative.

00:45:25.000 --> 00:45:29.999
But it was also so offensive,

00:45:30.000 --> 00:45:34.999
umm… so chronically malevolent.

00:45:35.000 --> 00:45:39.999
And every day or two,

00:45:40.000 --> 00:45:44.999
I\'d find yet another true horrendous
paragraph that meant I had to keep going.

00:45:45.000 --> 00:45:49.999
The word stable was when I discovered

00:45:50.000 --> 00:45:54.999
the paragraph \"subsistence production and
the consumption of their own produce

00:45:55.000 --> 00:45:59.999
by non-primary produces is
of little or no important\".

00:46:00.000 --> 00:46:04.999
What this really means is that

00:46:05.000 --> 00:46:09.999
the work of non-primary
produces, housewives, mothers,

00:46:10.000 --> 00:46:14.999
who are bearing and raising children,
doing laundry, making home preserved,

00:46:15.000 --> 00:46:19.999
keeping a herb garden, in fact,
most of the work that women do

00:46:20.000 --> 00:46:24.999
in an unpaid capacity anywhere
on the planet macro economically

00:46:25.000 --> 00:46:29.999
is of little or no important.

00:46:30.000 --> 00:46:34.999
Well, after… I guess about two months of reading
through the system of national accounts,

00:46:35.000 --> 00:46:39.999
you can start to believe you
slightly crazed or that, you know,

00:46:40.000 --> 00:46:44.999
reading things properly because the
distortions between what is in the rules

00:46:45.000 --> 00:46:49.999
and what is real life that you observe

00:46:50.000 --> 00:46:54.999
is so extreme that I kept thinking
I\'m still missing something.

00:46:55.000 --> 00:46:59.999
And so again I… I went to talk
to John Kenneth Galbraith,

00:47:00.000 --> 00:47:04.999
and said to be, \"Look, for
goodness sake, write it.

00:47:05.000 --> 00:47:09.999
Stop talking about this. You know enough.
You read enough. Just right it.\"

00:47:10.000 --> 00:47:14.999
Well, I\'m very proud of that.
I have quite a few visits

00:47:15.000 --> 00:47:19.999
so not all are stronger my memory but I
certainly remember her coming to see me,

00:47:20.000 --> 00:47:24.999
we had a long talk… long
talk, I guess more than one,

00:47:25.000 --> 00:47:29.999
about the role of women
in the economic system.

00:47:30.000 --> 00:47:34.999
The whole tendency in economics is to take

00:47:35.000 --> 00:47:39.999
where monetary economy,

00:47:40.000 --> 00:47:44.999
pecuniary economy, not
only as the basic thing

00:47:45.000 --> 00:47:49.999
to be measured. There… there
isn\'t money involved…

00:47:50.000 --> 00:47:54.999
if there isn\'t a price you don\'t
measure it and that leaves

00:47:55.000 --> 00:47:59.999
women\'s work in the household and a
great deal of childcare so forth,

00:48:00.000 --> 00:48:04.999
out of the national accounts,

00:48:05.000 --> 00:48:09.999
they\'re… they\'re these
enormously productive work

00:48:10.000 --> 00:48:14.999
both for human enjoyment
and for the welfare of

00:48:15.000 --> 00:48:19.999
the economy and the growth of the
economy that doesn\'t get counted.

00:48:20.000 --> 00:48:24.999
And it was such that
Marilyn was concerned with

00:48:25.000 --> 00:48:29.999
as indeed I would like
to think I help them.

00:48:30.000 --> 00:48:34.999
The system was developed by John Maynard
Keynes and Richard Stone, based on a pamphlet

00:48:35.000 --> 00:48:39.999
they wrote called Literally. The British
national income and how to pay for the war

00:48:40.000 --> 00:48:44.999
and this became the basis of
national income accounting.

00:48:45.000 --> 00:48:49.999
At the end of the war,
like so many other things

00:48:50.000 --> 00:48:54.999
that Britain had it and Germany
didn\'t have it, it was credited

00:48:55.000 --> 00:48:59.999
with part of the reason
why in United Kingdom

00:49:00.000 --> 00:49:04.999
had so-called \"won\" the war.

00:49:05.000 --> 00:49:09.999
Stone was then recruited by the
new United Nations Organization

00:49:10.000 --> 00:49:14.999
to take the roles that he hadn\'t

00:49:15.000 --> 00:49:19.999
and to enlarge upon them for international
consumption. Of course, he didn\'t really,

00:49:20.000 --> 00:49:24.999
he just translated

00:49:25.000 --> 00:49:29.999
what was a system that
suited to the British Empire

00:49:30.000 --> 00:49:34.999
into a neocolonial exercise for
the whole world. And so by 1953

00:49:35.000 --> 00:49:39.999
that set of roles was imposed

00:49:40.000 --> 00:49:44.999
on every country, including all the
newly emerging independent countries.

00:49:45.000 --> 00:49:49.999
It\'s called the United Nations system

00:49:50.000 --> 00:49:54.999
of national accounts and
to a significant extent,

00:49:55.000 --> 00:49:59.999
it governs all our lives.
All nations must conform

00:50:00.000 --> 00:50:04.999
to these rules of economic measurement or
they cannot belong to the United Nations.

00:50:05.000 --> 00:50:09.999
They cannot borrow from the
World Bank or secure any loans

00:50:10.000 --> 00:50:14.999
from the International Monetary Fund.
Important decisions are made

00:50:15.000 --> 00:50:19.999
with these figures, decisions which will
determine whose needs are met first,

00:50:20.000 --> 00:50:24.999
decisions on how to spend your tax dollar,

00:50:25.000 --> 00:50:29.999
decisions on killing the planet,
decisions on who will live or die.

00:50:30.000 --> 00:50:34.999
These measurements do
not include everything,

00:50:35.000 --> 00:50:39.999
they are highly selective.

00:50:40.000 --> 00:50:44.999
Though, of course, they maintain
the pretense of objectivity.

00:50:45.000 --> 00:50:49.999
So what is included and
excluded in the system?

00:50:50.000 --> 00:50:54.999
The system includes everything

00:50:55.000 --> 00:50:59.999
that goes through the marketplace,

00:51:00.000 --> 00:51:04.999
everything which has a
cash generating capacity.

00:51:05.000 --> 00:51:09.999
In other words,

00:51:10.000 --> 00:51:14.999
the system recognizes no
venue other than money.

00:51:15.000 --> 00:51:19.999
Regardless of how that money is made.

00:51:20.000 --> 00:51:24.999
[music]

00:51:25.000 --> 00:51:29.999
This means that there is no value to peace,

00:51:30.000 --> 00:51:34.999
this means there is no value to the
preservation of natural resources

00:51:35.000 --> 00:51:39.999
for future generations.

00:51:40.000 --> 00:51:44.999
This means there is no value to unpaid
work, including the unpaid work

00:51:45.000 --> 00:51:49.999
of reproducing human-life itself,
including the unpaid work of women

00:51:50.000 --> 00:51:54.999
who feed and nurture their own families.

00:51:55.000 --> 00:51:59.999
This system cannot respond to
values that refuses to recognize.

00:52:00.000 --> 00:52:04.999
[music]

00:52:05.000 --> 00:52:09.999
The system leaves out the work of
half the population of the planet

00:52:10.000 --> 00:52:14.999
and the planet itself.

00:52:15.000 --> 00:52:19.999
It is the cause of massive poverty, illness
and death of millions of women and children,

00:52:20.000 --> 00:52:24.999
and it is encouraging

00:52:25.000 --> 00:52:29.999
environmental disaster.

00:52:30.000 --> 00:52:34.999
This is an economic system

00:52:35.000 --> 00:52:40.000
that can eventually kill us all.

00:52:50.000 --> 00:52:58.000
[music]

00:53:00.000 --> 00:53:04.999
Good afternoon ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to
this the second Dubai International aerospace show.

00:53:05.000 --> 00:53:09.999
I think everybody has been staggered by the
enormous success of the event this year

00:53:10.000 --> 00:53:14.999
with comfortably over 400 companies

00:53:15.000 --> 00:53:19.999
exhibiting from all over the world, wide
spread of air craft of every class.

00:53:20.000 --> 00:53:24.999
The Dubai show is now (inaudible)
running in third place

00:53:25.000 --> 00:53:29.999
behind Paris and (inaudible).

00:53:30.000 --> 00:53:34.999
The international trade in arms is
the biggest growth industry of all.

00:53:35.000 --> 00:53:39.999
…For clearing targets at day or night.

00:53:40.000 --> 00:53:44.999
(inaudible) desert storm with…
The five permanent members

00:53:45.000 --> 00:53:49.999
of the Security Council are also the five
leading arms exporters in the world.

00:53:50.000 --> 00:53:54.999
…Beyond 10 kilometers.
(inaudible)… Yes, sir. At night.

00:53:55.000 --> 00:53:59.999
Night, huh? And day time? And
day time beyond 15 kilometers.

00:54:00.000 --> 00:54:04.999
Excellent mass (inaudible)… Killing
people or preparing to kill them

00:54:05.000 --> 00:54:09.999
is considered very valuable in the
international economic system.

00:54:10.000 --> 00:54:14.999
Arms exports account for more than half the
trade surplus of the developed economies.

00:54:15.000 --> 00:54:23.000
[sil.]

00:54:25.000 --> 00:54:29.999
The death, homelessness,
injury, poverty and starvation

00:54:30.000 --> 00:54:34.999
caused by the use of these weapons
is not even registered as a deficit.

00:54:35.000 --> 00:54:39.999
[sil.]

00:54:40.000 --> 00:54:44.999
And that been tested in the Gulf War. Yes,
the role airport (inaudible) air craft

00:54:45.000 --> 00:54:49.999
in the Gulf War. Oh yeah. Used
against anti-shipping targets

00:54:50.000 --> 00:54:54.999
(inaudible)… Yes. I have proven…

00:54:55.000 --> 00:54:59.999
Quite successful. And mainly
computer oriented electronic.

00:55:00.000 --> 00:55:04.999
Till some degree, yes, but we\'re also
doing and teaching a lot of hands-on

00:55:05.000 --> 00:55:09.999
hard training as well. Uh… We\'re involved
in some of the more sophisticated

00:55:10.000 --> 00:55:14.999
if you will warfare type electronic,
warfare type training as well

00:55:15.000 --> 00:55:19.999
and it\'s something that can be
audited or assessed and at anytime

00:55:20.000 --> 00:55:24.999
we know how we\'re proceeding with the
client country or client themselves.

00:55:25.000 --> 00:55:29.999
And the war is tremendous.
This aircraft is being rebuilt

00:55:30.000 --> 00:55:34.999
and modernized by (inaudible) air force.
Or the company is doing that…

00:55:35.000 --> 00:55:39.999
We… we depend on… on sales essentially on exports.
Indeed. It\'s absolutely essential. Yeah, yeah.

00:55:40.000 --> 00:55:44.999
If a country develops an
economic system that is based on

00:55:45.000 --> 00:55:49.999
how to pay for the war and if the
amounts of fixed capital investment

00:55:50.000 --> 00:55:54.999
that are apparent are tied up in
armaments and if that country

00:55:55.000 --> 00:55:59.999
is a major exporter of arms and its
industrial fabric is dependent on them,

00:56:00.000 --> 00:56:04.999
then it would be in that
country\'s interests

00:56:05.000 --> 00:56:09.999
to ensure that it always had a market.

00:56:10.000 --> 00:56:14.999
It is not an exaggeration to say
that it is clearly in the interests

00:56:15.000 --> 00:56:19.999
of the world\'s leading arms
exporters, to make sure that

00:56:20.000 --> 00:56:24.999
there is always a war going on somewhere.
The aerospace is very competitive.

00:56:25.000 --> 00:56:29.999
Yes, it is. Uh… How… how do you rate

00:56:30.000 --> 00:56:34.999
(inaudible) in Canada in… in
terms of the competition now

00:56:35.000 --> 00:56:39.999
from European ally essentially. I
think we\'re as competitive as most,

00:56:40.000 --> 00:56:44.999
if not little more competitive.
Umm… We do run into problems,

00:56:45.000 --> 00:56:49.999
we had some competition as an
example from the United States

00:56:50.000 --> 00:56:54.999
where the government really gets in and pushes
hard. And the support is very evident there.

00:56:55.000 --> 00:56:59.999
It has clearly been in the
interests of the United States

00:57:00.000 --> 00:57:04.999
to sustain war and political
tension in the Persian Gulf region

00:57:05.000 --> 00:57:09.999
since the oil shock of 1974, 1975.

00:57:10.000 --> 00:57:18.000
[music]

00:57:35.000 --> 00:57:39.999
…Pulling 90 at least demonstrating

00:57:40.000 --> 00:57:44.999
the air craft\'s complete capability of
maneuvering at (inaudible) and very high thrust.

00:57:45.000 --> 00:57:49.999
And see demonstrating the full
capability of fly by wire.

00:57:50.000 --> 00:57:54.999
He has got strict (inaudible) in one
corner of the cockpit of the (inaudible),

00:57:55.000 --> 00:57:59.999
hot air in the other and the computer
is essentially checking the aircraft

00:58:00.000 --> 00:58:04.999
in a steady spiral decent not
allowing even one minute

00:58:05.000 --> 00:58:09.999
to get out of the

00:58:10.000 --> 00:58:14.999
(inaudible) of this in an
combat is that it frees

00:58:15.000 --> 00:58:19.999
the pilots entire attention
for looking out of the window

00:58:20.000 --> 00:58:24.999
and at what he\'s supposed to be doing
which is stacking the other (inaudible).

00:58:25.000 --> 00:58:29.999
[music]

00:58:30.000 --> 00:58:34.999
The capability of the (inaudible)
an enormous work load

00:58:35.000 --> 00:58:39.999
from the pilot and that
as he comes out from that

00:58:40.000 --> 00:58:44.999
putting up now (inaudible)
putting up to second height,

00:58:45.000 --> 00:58:49.999
(inaudible)…

00:58:50.000 --> 00:58:54.999
(inaudible) in the long show we saw today which was very
spectacular was there anything that caught your fancy

00:58:55.000 --> 00:58:59.999
that you would like to have? Of course, sitting
here, we\'re seeing many nice things and I think

00:59:00.000 --> 00:59:04.999
this is called defense, and defense is

00:59:05.000 --> 00:59:09.999
make their peace last, and I
think we need the support

00:59:10.000 --> 00:59:14.999
before the nation rule the
other nation for this peace.

00:59:15.000 --> 00:59:19.999
[music]

00:59:20.000 --> 00:59:24.999
Every minute 30 children die

00:59:25.000 --> 00:59:29.999
from want of food and inexpensive vaccines,
and every minute the world\'s military budget

00:59:30.000 --> 00:59:34.999
absorbs $1.3 million of
the public treasury.

00:59:35.000 --> 00:59:39.999
This is war.

00:59:40.000 --> 00:59:44.999
The United States now devotes
over $200 billion a year

00:59:45.000 --> 00:59:49.999
on military defense
against foreign enemies.

00:59:50.000 --> 00:59:54.999
But 45% of Americans are afraid to go out alone
at night within one mile of their homes.

00:59:55.000 --> 00:59:59.999
This is war.

01:00:00.000 --> 01:00:04.999
For every 100,000 people in the
world there are 556 soldiers

01:00:05.000 --> 01:00:09.999
but only 85 doctors.

01:00:10.000 --> 01:00:14.999
This is war.

01:00:15.000 --> 01:00:19.999
For every soldier, the average world
military expenditure is $22,000.

01:00:20.000 --> 01:00:24.999
[music]

01:00:25.000 --> 01:00:29.999
For every school-aged child, the average
public education expenditure is $380.

01:00:30.000 --> 01:00:34.999
This is war.

01:00:35.000 --> 01:00:39.999
The cost of a single new nuclear submarine

01:00:40.000 --> 01:00:44.999
equals the annual education
budget of 23 developing countries

01:00:45.000 --> 01:00:49.999
with 160 million school-aged children.

01:00:50.000 --> 01:00:54.999
This is war.

01:00:55.000 --> 01:01:03.000
[music]

01:01:05.000 --> 01:01:09.999
War is marketable.

01:01:10.000 --> 01:01:14.999
War pays literally. War contributes
to growth and development.

01:01:15.000 --> 01:01:23.000
[music]

01:01:35.000 --> 01:01:43.000
[sil.]

01:01:45.000 --> 01:01:49.999
The amount of money spent on armaments

01:01:50.000 --> 01:01:54.999
in just two weeks could provide
safe water for the entire world.

01:01:55.000 --> 01:01:59.999
But these two children photographed

01:02:00.000 --> 01:02:04.999
in the Philippines, the morning
after a really rugged storm.

01:02:05.000 --> 01:02:09.999
The job for these children,
they\'re not playing.

01:02:10.000 --> 01:02:14.999
They\'re down here trying to fish whatever
might be usable for their families

01:02:15.000 --> 01:02:19.999
out of all this debris, this putrid stink.
And I watched them for hours

01:02:20.000 --> 01:02:24.999
and they fished little bits of clothing,
things like an old door handle

01:02:25.000 --> 01:02:29.999
out of the water and put it in their
treasure bag ready to take home.

01:02:30.000 --> 01:02:34.999
But this kind of water is, you know,
a bearer of major diseases of river,

01:02:35.000 --> 01:02:39.999
blindness of all kinds of typhus.

01:02:40.000 --> 01:02:44.999
Very close to where I took these pictures.

01:02:45.000 --> 01:02:49.999
There were families, 12,
14 of them sleeping

01:02:50.000 --> 01:02:54.999
and something not much bigger
than a shipping container.

01:02:55.000 --> 01:02:59.999
[sil.]

01:03:00.000 --> 01:03:04.999
And with several hundred dependent

01:03:05.000 --> 01:03:09.999
on one sort of broken down
pump, uh… for any water

01:03:10.000 --> 01:03:14.999
that they might need.

01:03:15.000 --> 01:03:23.000
[sil.]

01:03:25.000 --> 01:03:29.999
The Philippines can be seen as a microcosm
of the entire developing world.

01:03:30.000 --> 01:03:34.999
These are the hills overlooking
the port city of Cebu

01:03:35.000 --> 01:03:39.999
in the southern part of the Philippines.

01:03:40.000 --> 01:03:44.999
It\'s a rural area which
has been left vacant

01:03:45.000 --> 01:03:49.999
by an absentee land owner,

01:03:50.000 --> 01:03:54.999
a group of families that moved onto this land and
built their huts and established a community here.

01:03:55.000 --> 01:03:59.999
Most of the men only get sporadic jobs

01:04:00.000 --> 01:04:04.999
where they provide cheap labor for some of the
large cash crop plantations around the country.

01:04:05.000 --> 01:04:09.999
So it\'s really up to the women
themselves to provide for the children.

01:04:10.000 --> 01:04:14.999
The average Pilipino woman
has eight children to raise

01:04:15.000 --> 01:04:19.999
and no access to abortion,
family planning or divorce.

01:04:20.000 --> 01:04:24.999
You can imagine the anxiety of

01:04:25.000 --> 01:04:29.999
the mother of eight must feel, if she doesn\'t
know where she\'s going to get enough food

01:04:30.000 --> 01:04:34.999
to feed them all every day.
This is the reason

01:04:35.000 --> 01:04:39.999
that women in rural areas all
over the world grow food crops

01:04:40.000 --> 01:04:44.999
or raise farm animals.

01:04:45.000 --> 01:04:49.999
This sort of farming is usually
called subsistence agriculture,

01:04:50.000 --> 01:04:54.999
it doesn\'t involve the exchange of money but
it doesn\'t show that these children will eat.

01:04:55.000 --> 01:04:59.999
The System of National Accounts

01:05:00.000 --> 01:05:04.999
says that the domestic
and personal services

01:05:05.000 --> 01:05:09.999
which don\'t count, the cleaning,
decoration and maintenance

01:05:10.000 --> 01:05:14.999
of the dwelling occupied by the household,

01:05:15.000 --> 01:05:19.999
cleaning, servicing and
repair of household goods,

01:05:20.000 --> 01:05:24.999
the care of the sick in firm or old people,

01:05:25.000 --> 01:05:29.999
the transportation of members of
the household or their goods.

01:05:30.000 --> 01:05:34.999
The preparation and saving of meals.

01:05:35.000 --> 01:05:39.999
[sil.]

01:05:40.000 --> 01:05:44.999
To care, training and
instruction of children.

01:05:45.000 --> 01:05:49.999
[sil.]

01:05:50.000 --> 01:05:54.999
The World Bank would argue that

01:05:55.000 --> 01:05:59.999
to change the conditions of life for
these people requires export growth.

01:06:00.000 --> 01:06:04.999
To make room for productive
exploiting enterprises,

01:06:05.000 --> 01:06:09.999
these unproductive women and their families
would simply be kicked off the land.

01:06:10.000 --> 01:06:14.999
The new company could then take

01:06:15.000 --> 01:06:19.999
further advantage of the homelessness if it
helped create by getting cheap labor here.

01:06:20.000 --> 01:06:24.999
[sil.]

01:06:25.000 --> 01:06:29.999
The number of homeless children

01:06:30.000 --> 01:06:34.999
and the urban squalor of developing countries
is now epidemic in its proportions.

01:06:35.000 --> 01:06:39.999
[sil.]

01:06:40.000 --> 01:06:44.999
This resourceful mother has managed
to keep her family together

01:06:45.000 --> 01:06:49.999
by moving right into the city garbage dump.

01:06:50.000 --> 01:06:54.999
These cardboard boxes are
home to her family of five.

01:06:55.000 --> 01:06:59.999
Here, the entire family

01:07:00.000 --> 01:07:04.999
can work collecting scrap metal or plastic or whatever
can be sold to the junk shops in order to buy food.

01:07:05.000 --> 01:07:09.999
[sil.]

01:07:10.000 --> 01:07:14.999
The cycle of poverty begins
to repeat itself very early

01:07:15.000 --> 01:07:19.999
as the eldest girl in a
family at age eight or nine

01:07:20.000 --> 01:07:24.999
is expected to give up school and look after her
youngest siblings while her mother uses that time

01:07:25.000 --> 01:07:29.999
to do whatever she can to
keep her family alive.

01:07:30.000 --> 01:07:34.999
Older boys may be left to fend for
themselves and to sleep in the streets.

01:07:35.000 --> 01:07:39.999
[sil.]

01:07:40.000 --> 01:07:44.999
Female\'s sexual slavery is a
major growth industry worldwide

01:07:45.000 --> 01:07:49.999
and where a multimillion dollar
industry in prostitution is operating.

01:07:50.000 --> 01:07:54.999
Full advantage is taken
up this grinding poverty.

01:07:55.000 --> 01:07:59.999
[sil.]

01:08:00.000 --> 01:08:04.999
Jennifer and Renren are 10-year-olds.

01:08:05.000 --> 01:08:09.999
They\'re just two of the children
available through this Japanese brochure

01:08:10.000 --> 01:08:14.999
which sells men only tourists
junkets to the Philippines.

01:08:15.000 --> 01:08:19.999
Recent studies in Thailand which
also has a lucrative business

01:08:20.000 --> 01:08:24.999
in female sexual slavery have shown
that 70% of the women and girls

01:08:25.000 --> 01:08:29.999
have become infected with the HIV virus.

01:08:30.000 --> 01:08:34.999
[music]

01:08:35.000 --> 01:08:39.999
Those were sexually exploit children accounted as
doing productive work increasing economic growth.

01:08:40.000 --> 01:08:44.999
[music]

01:08:45.000 --> 01:08:49.999
Even if their activities are illegal,
they considered valuable enough

01:08:50.000 --> 01:08:54.999
to be in the calculations because
they\'re income generating.

01:08:55.000 --> 01:08:59.999
[music]

01:09:00.000 --> 01:09:04.999
Here, foreign-owned companies
and the small Filipino elite

01:09:05.000 --> 01:09:09.999
earn 90% of the land.

01:09:10.000 --> 01:09:14.999
In a country of 58 million people,

01:09:15.000 --> 01:09:19.999
20 million are now homeless.

01:09:20.000 --> 01:09:24.999
Thanks to multinational
mono-crop plantations,

01:09:25.000 --> 01:09:29.999
the Philippines is the 14th largest
exporter of food in the world

01:09:30.000 --> 01:09:34.999
and yet 80% of the children who
live here can\'t get enough to eat.

01:09:35.000 --> 01:09:39.999
Over one billion people

01:09:40.000 --> 01:09:44.999
on the planet are malnourished. In the
developing countries 50,000 people a day

01:09:45.000 --> 01:09:49.999
die from malnutrition.

01:09:50.000 --> 01:09:54.999
Seventeen million children in the world

01:09:55.000 --> 01:09:59.999
die each year from diseases
that are related to poverty,

01:10:00.000 --> 01:10:04.999
two-thirds of these deaths are preventable.

01:10:05.000 --> 01:10:09.999
The gross domestic product claims to
measure the well-being of the country.

01:10:10.000 --> 01:10:18.000
[sil.]

01:10:30.000 --> 01:10:34.999
When my friends

01:10:35.000 --> 01:10:39.999
Imelda and Laura harvest New Zealand seafood for their
families, it isn\'t seen as economically valuable,

01:10:40.000 --> 01:10:44.999
that if they went and
bought the oysters intense

01:10:45.000 --> 01:10:49.999
at the supermarket then
that would be counted.

01:10:50.000 --> 01:10:54.999
Before the Europeans come on,
the Maori never ever had

01:10:55.000 --> 01:10:59.999
umm… electricity and things…
Their food mainly depended on

01:11:00.000 --> 01:11:04.999
from the sea, it was gathered from the sea.
We have a custom, and it\'s called Kai Moana.

01:11:05.000 --> 01:11:09.999
It\'s meaning is gathering of… of food,

01:11:10.000 --> 01:11:14.999
mainly shellfish from the sea.

01:11:15.000 --> 01:11:19.999
We\'ll go out when it\'s the
tide low and pick up sea food,

01:11:20.000 --> 01:11:24.999
mussels, oysters. The oysters take
about two to three years to grow

01:11:25.000 --> 01:11:29.999
so that you just take a little bit.
Yeah. Here we usually take

01:11:30.000 --> 01:11:34.999
enough food for a male, you know.

01:11:35.000 --> 01:11:39.999
Then if he\'s still hungry and a couple of days you come back and
get another bucket home, then you having fish all the time.

01:11:40.000 --> 01:11:44.999
We don\'t basically go to the same place,
we go all over the place. Over the years,

01:11:45.000 --> 01:11:49.999
we\'ve just moved either. We said, you know, get… get the
bigger ones from because we watched mom and dad doing.

01:11:50.000 --> 01:11:54.999
We get… get mainly for family or

01:11:55.000 --> 01:11:59.999
the (inaudible) if they\'ve got (inaudible)
me usually go and gather shellfish,

01:12:00.000 --> 01:12:04.999
or, you know, to catch fish for the (inaudible).
And then you take it back from (inaudible),

01:12:05.000 --> 01:12:09.999
everybody just mingles and then you all open
it. And you put them in dishes and cook.

01:12:10.000 --> 01:12:14.999
And then they put them out on the
table for supper or tea or whatever.

01:12:15.000 --> 01:12:19.999
We have a big feast

01:12:20.000 --> 01:12:24.999
But we never the… the old (inaudible)
don\'t sell shellfish, shell food.

01:12:25.000 --> 01:12:29.999
That\'s not meant to be, it\'s mean, you know…
They give it away even if you sell it.

01:12:30.000 --> 01:12:34.999
You get the odd one who take
it back to the cities to sell

01:12:35.000 --> 01:12:39.999
but the elder usually come
down hard on them and say,

01:12:40.000 --> 01:12:44.999
\"It\'s costing you nothing.\" And if you take, come and
take a whole lot of food from here then the next person

01:12:45.000 --> 01:12:49.999
that comes along to get some can\'t find it because
you\'re taking it all away and selling it for money.

01:12:50.000 --> 01:12:54.999
We should leave it for food.

01:12:55.000 --> 01:12:59.999
Well, if I\'m going down to the
beach to collect (inaudible),

01:13:00.000 --> 01:13:04.999
I always behave the way
that I\'ve been taught

01:13:05.000 --> 01:13:09.999
by the local people, by the Maori people.

01:13:10.000 --> 01:13:14.999
And I find in this and
so many of the practices

01:13:15.000 --> 01:13:19.999
in Tirol in New Zealand that

01:13:20.000 --> 01:13:24.999
they make perfect sense. I
mean, by pivot economic sense,

01:13:25.000 --> 01:13:29.999
pivot environmental sense, pivot
ecological sense, uh… from, you know,

01:13:30.000 --> 01:13:34.999
centuries of tradition of indigenous
people, so why change it?

01:13:35.000 --> 01:13:40.000
Why behave any other way?

01:13:45.000 --> 01:13:53.000
[sil.]

01:13:55.000 --> 01:13:59.999
The children playing on this beach in New Zealand
have an increased risk of developing skin cancer

01:14:00.000 --> 01:14:04.999
because of the ultraviolet radiation that\'s giving
through the atmospheres protective ozone layer.

01:14:05.000 --> 01:14:09.999
The manufacture of

01:14:10.000 --> 01:14:14.999
chloroflurocarbons which cause the
ozone depletion, counters growth

01:14:15.000 --> 01:14:19.999
in the international economic system

01:14:20.000 --> 01:14:24.999
and if ozone depletion continues,
aquatic life will be killed,

01:14:25.000 --> 01:14:29.999
weather patterns will change,
crop yields will be diminished

01:14:30.000 --> 01:14:34.999
and the increase in cancers
will rise dramatically.

01:14:35.000 --> 01:14:39.999
Well, people may choose to stay
indoors, plants and animals can\'t,

01:14:40.000 --> 01:14:44.999
and will be weakened from radiation damage.
On the positive side,

01:14:45.000 --> 01:14:49.999
there will be increase markets for
sun blocks, skin creams, sunglasses,

01:14:50.000 --> 01:14:54.999
other protective gear, medical insurance.

01:14:55.000 --> 01:14:59.999
There\'ll be an increased demand for medical goods and
services particularly in the field of dermatology

01:15:00.000 --> 01:15:04.999
and this will increase the GDP

01:15:05.000 --> 01:15:09.999
and a rise in the GDP indicates the
well-being of the community is improving.

01:15:10.000 --> 01:15:15.000
That\'s what the international
economic system sees.

01:15:25.000 --> 01:15:29.999
I certainly feel in this

01:15:30.000 --> 01:15:34.999
entire journey that my
constituents and then women

01:15:35.000 --> 01:15:39.999
and the ecosystem has been my teachers.

01:15:40.000 --> 01:15:44.999
Well, it was very early

01:15:45.000 --> 01:15:49.999
when I was a member of Parliament,
there was an application made for

01:15:50.000 --> 01:15:54.999
the prospecting license
on Mount (inaudible)

01:15:55.000 --> 01:15:59.999
by a company called Gold Mines New
Zealand, and the planning procedure

01:16:00.000 --> 01:16:04.999
was such that the mining company could show

01:16:05.000 --> 01:16:09.999
all the apparent good, there was
gonna accrue to all of this area,

01:16:10.000 --> 01:16:14.999
will provide loads of
jobs, uh… will provide

01:16:15.000 --> 01:16:19.999
loads of support to the service infrastructures,
you know, your schools will stay open,

01:16:20.000 --> 01:16:24.999
you\'ll get more routing, your post
offices, all of those kinds of services,

01:16:25.000 --> 01:16:29.999
you\'re electricians and plumbers and everybody
else will have loads of jobs while we are involved

01:16:30.000 --> 01:16:34.999
in all of this, they\'ll be export
earnings, it\'s gold we\'re talking about.

01:16:35.000 --> 01:16:39.999
They\'ll be substantial reductions in overseas
funds, you know, we\'ll be here for years.

01:16:40.000 --> 01:16:44.999
Yeah, the usual growth development

01:16:45.000 --> 01:16:49.999
kinds of arguments. No debit side, you
notice, there\'s never any debit side

01:16:50.000 --> 01:16:54.999
in terms of this kind of development.
Nobody talking about

01:16:55.000 --> 01:16:59.999
what you\'re gonna do with all the materials
that you take out of the mountain

01:17:00.000 --> 01:17:04.999
that then begin to leach
into surrounding family.

01:17:05.000 --> 01:17:09.999
And the kind of scarring that will be happening
in the bush and the forest and the mountains,

01:17:10.000 --> 01:17:14.999
the… the ruin of the habitat
of so many species.

01:17:15.000 --> 01:17:19.999
[sil.]

01:17:20.000 --> 01:17:24.999
(inaudible) Murray was a party official
in my constituency and a key member

01:17:25.000 --> 01:17:29.999
of the local Farmer\'s Organization
working against the goldmine license.

01:17:30.000 --> 01:17:34.999
It\'s a fascinating land because
it\'s different every day,

01:17:35.000 --> 01:17:39.999
a little bit of cloud behind that
it was a volcano originally,

01:17:40.000 --> 01:17:44.999
it also plays a big part in our lives
because it affects the weather so much.

01:17:45.000 --> 01:17:49.999
We have 90 inch rainfall
here which makes this area

01:17:50.000 --> 01:17:54.999
so good for… for dairying
and farming generally.

01:17:55.000 --> 01:17:59.999
Umm… And that brought about to very,
very large extent by Mount (inaudible).

01:18:00.000 --> 01:18:04.999
The water around here have
lovely stream through the farm

01:18:05.000 --> 01:18:09.999
across the road there and the water the tests
that the Waikato regional authority of done

01:18:10.000 --> 01:18:14.999
on the water, it\'s… it\'s amongst the purest
water in the country and that\'s just something

01:18:15.000 --> 01:18:19.999
you can\'t put a value on. Economics
is a… is a tool of people in power.

01:18:20.000 --> 01:18:24.999
I mean economics didn\'t just come
up from nowhere. Umm… It\'s a tool

01:18:25.000 --> 01:18:29.999
of those who want to exploit,
its a justification and so as a

01:18:30.000 --> 01:18:34.999
so-called science, it doesn\'t allow for

01:18:35.000 --> 01:18:39.999
the introduction of values that don\'t find
their way into a mathematical formula.

01:18:40.000 --> 01:18:44.999
It also operates in terms of language,
you know, if you want to argue that

01:18:45.000 --> 01:18:49.999
mining this mountain would be devastating.

01:18:50.000 --> 01:18:54.999
You are invited to use a whole lot
of words that are called soft,

01:18:55.000 --> 01:18:59.999
you know, flaky, value laden, subjective.

01:19:00.000 --> 01:19:04.999
Economics has got it down really tight, you know,
so that if you\'re not talking their language,

01:19:05.000 --> 01:19:09.999
if you\'re not talking in the jag and you\'re not part of the
argument, you know, there must be something wrong with you.

01:19:10.000 --> 01:19:14.999
You know, you\'re not sensible or intelligent
about your approach to this thing.

01:19:15.000 --> 01:19:19.999
So the power of economics mirrors
to a great extent, you know,

01:19:20.000 --> 01:19:24.999
the political power rampant anywhere
else, you operate with language

01:19:25.000 --> 01:19:29.999
as well as operating with mathematics.
The economic activity

01:19:30.000 --> 01:19:34.999
that the mountain is engaged in is
like 24 hours a day, never ending.

01:19:35.000 --> 01:19:43.000
[music]

01:19:50.000 --> 01:19:54.999
It\'s the habitat for the
pollinating species without which

01:19:55.000 --> 01:19:59.999
none of this agriculture could survive.
It\'s uh… controlling

01:20:00.000 --> 01:20:04.999
the micro-climate for… for the production
that comes from everything else here.

01:20:05.000 --> 01:20:13.000
[music]

01:20:20.000 --> 01:20:24.999
It\'s breathing means creating oxygen.

01:20:25.000 --> 01:20:33.000
[music]

01:20:45.000 --> 01:20:49.999
And it provides hundreds of hours

01:20:50.000 --> 01:20:54.999
for just what is euphemistically called
leisure and recreation, tramping.

01:20:55.000 --> 01:20:59.999
None of those features can find

01:21:00.000 --> 01:21:04.999
a very easy expression in terms
of cost benefit analysis.

01:21:05.000 --> 01:21:13.000
[music]

01:21:20.000 --> 01:21:24.999
I mean, you can\'t run around and say

01:21:25.000 --> 01:21:29.999
\"Oh well, so much oxygen is being produced from these
trees on a 24-hour basis and the same volume of oxygen

01:21:30.000 --> 01:21:34.999
in containers in a hospital
would equal, and therefore,

01:21:35.000 --> 01:21:39.999
the 24-hour oxygen production of this mountain
equals…\" I mean, who\'s gonna do that.

01:21:40.000 --> 01:21:44.999
This entire story so early

01:21:45.000 --> 01:21:49.999
in my political use demonstrated to me that

01:21:50.000 --> 01:21:54.999
absolute hollowness of the mathematical
formula that we have to work with.

01:21:55.000 --> 01:21:59.999
I\'m next with iterative farmers,

01:22:00.000 --> 01:22:04.999
the environmentalists, the
rural local authorities,

01:22:05.000 --> 01:22:09.999
the city counselors and we sat and discussed
this mountain them and what it meant to us.

01:22:10.000 --> 01:22:14.999
To say… to point out where
the problems are and…

01:22:15.000 --> 01:22:19.999
And we were invited to somehow
rather number-crunching…

01:22:20.000 --> 01:22:24.999
all of those values into an economic
equation and to set ourselves up

01:22:25.000 --> 01:22:29.999
against gold mines New Zealand Limited. There
was a tremendous uproar from the locals

01:22:30.000 --> 01:22:34.999
and plenty of meetings well attended and

01:22:35.000 --> 01:22:39.999
with the Marilyn Waring help, we
managed to block the miners that

01:22:40.000 --> 01:22:44.999
that\'s not going to take place now.
It\'s a forest preserve now,

01:22:45.000 --> 01:22:49.999
it\'s just all that bush pled mountainous
is reserved, there\'s a forest park.

01:22:50.000 --> 01:22:54.999
Yeah, this here… this farming

01:22:55.000 --> 01:22:59.999
that you can see all around you, is
here forever. It\'s not going to go away

01:23:00.000 --> 01:23:04.999
and we\'re producing something far more
valuable than gold. We\'re producing food

01:23:05.000 --> 01:23:09.999
and clothing for people, wool
and so on and, you know,

01:23:10.000 --> 01:23:14.999
mankind can do with that gold but you
can\'t last long with their food.

01:23:15.000 --> 01:23:19.999
So, you know, that was their argument
and… and I think it\'s the argument that

01:23:20.000 --> 01:23:24.999
this goes on forever if we look after it.
As they asked for a short time

01:23:25.000 --> 01:23:29.999
all way here on earth, that someone
else isn\'t gotta takeover.

01:23:30.000 --> 01:23:34.999
And providing, we look after it,
it should get better and better.

01:23:35.000 --> 01:23:39.999
It was just a local story, you know,
in my constituency. But I think

01:23:40.000 --> 01:23:45.000
as… as an analogy, it can be
expanded to the whole planet.

01:23:50.000 --> 01:23:54.999
What are we after then,

01:23:55.000 --> 01:23:59.999
what are the alternatives?

01:24:00.000 --> 01:24:04.999
Your country, Canada or mine New
Zealand, where there are political will,

01:24:05.000 --> 01:24:09.999
could establish qualitative

01:24:10.000 --> 01:24:14.999
environmental indicators,
indicators that told us

01:24:15.000 --> 01:24:19.999
what was happening toward
equality, equality.

01:24:20.000 --> 01:24:24.999
The remaining stands of forest, the
exploitation of mineral resources,

01:24:25.000 --> 01:24:29.999
the reproduction of fish species,

01:24:30.000 --> 01:24:34.999
the habitats of endangered species.
There is no reason

01:24:35.000 --> 01:24:39.999
why tomorrow, Canada or New Zealand

01:24:40.000 --> 01:24:44.999
could not establish time that use surveys
because the one common denominator

01:24:45.000 --> 01:24:49.999
that all of us have, the
one thing we might be seen

01:24:50.000 --> 01:24:54.999
to choose to exchange
that is our own is time.

01:24:55.000 --> 01:24:59.999
And time is a better description
of the needs for intervention

01:25:00.000 --> 01:25:04.999
in people\'s lives then any other indicator.

01:25:05.000 --> 01:25:09.999
It shows you where the crisis points at.
It shows you where the service needs are

01:25:10.000 --> 01:25:14.999
as a policymaker.

01:25:15.000 --> 01:25:19.999
In a study conducted by the Commission
on the Status of Women in Canada,

01:25:20.000 --> 01:25:24.999
it was demonstrated that two-thirds

01:25:25.000 --> 01:25:29.999
of all primary health care
took place in the home,

01:25:30.000 --> 01:25:34.999
if two-thirds of the budget
for primary health care

01:25:35.000 --> 01:25:39.999
where directed towards those
responsible for that care,

01:25:40.000 --> 01:25:44.999
imagine what would happen to that budget

01:25:45.000 --> 01:25:49.999
and how that budget would be
redistributed and how the priorities

01:25:50.000 --> 01:25:54.999
would be turned on their head.

01:25:55.000 --> 01:25:59.999
These are the kinds of
effects in a budgetary sense

01:26:00.000 --> 01:26:04.999
that would flow from time use surveys.
Why don\'t policymakers

01:26:05.000 --> 01:26:09.999
or politicians or
bureaucrats like this idea?

01:26:10.000 --> 01:26:14.999
Well, first of all, it\'s terrifying
that would have to exercise judgment.

01:26:15.000 --> 01:26:19.999
They don\'t have a
uni-dimensional set of figures

01:26:20.000 --> 01:26:24.999
to which they can look and
say is growth up or down,

01:26:25.000 --> 01:26:29.999
thereby hangs our decision. Language
is a tool available to all of us,

01:26:30.000 --> 01:26:34.999
none of you when you leave this
room should ever again say,

01:26:35.000 --> 01:26:39.999
my mother doesn\'t work,
my wife doesn\'t work.

01:26:40.000 --> 01:26:44.999
That particularly relates
to people who are in media

01:26:45.000 --> 01:26:49.999
or teaching positions.
Take your senses form,

01:26:50.000 --> 01:26:54.999
it says \"What is your primary occupation?\"

01:26:55.000 --> 01:26:59.999
Well, the inventive. Pick up the
business pages of Saturday\'s paper,

01:27:00.000 --> 01:27:04.999
be logistics analyst, be
a management supervisor,

01:27:05.000 --> 01:27:09.999
be anything that fits, you know,
the kinds of things that you do,

01:27:10.000 --> 01:27:14.999
just don\'t be a housewife, don\'t be a home
engineer, don\'t be anything that uses the word

01:27:15.000 --> 01:27:19.999
house or home (inaudible). You know, how many
hours a week do you work? Ninety six or 107,

01:27:20.000 --> 01:27:24.999
whatever it is? How many
weeks a year you work, 52,

01:27:25.000 --> 01:27:29.999
for whom do you work? Well, that\'s an exciting
one. What\'s the name of your company?

01:27:30.000 --> 01:27:34.999
I found that women can be
extremely inventive here.

01:27:35.000 --> 01:27:39.999
It\'s good fun making up the senses, we\'ve
got that rolling in quite a few countries.

01:27:40.000 --> 01:27:44.999
Push for parody. Join political parties
and go to their annual conferences

01:27:45.000 --> 01:27:49.999
and year after year after year, drive them
crazy, half the candidate shall be women,

01:27:50.000 --> 01:27:54.999
half the candidate shall be women, half the candidate shall be women,
join this party till you get it through then move on to the next one.

01:27:55.000 --> 01:27:59.999
I mean…

01:28:00.000 --> 01:28:04.999
[sil.]

01:28:05.000 --> 01:28:09.999
…just because there is no one way feminism, there
is no one political tactic available here,

01:28:10.000 --> 01:28:14.999
there is no one political strategy. It is brought
in as wide as our imaginations can take it

01:28:15.000 --> 01:28:19.999
once we have heard and
seen and recognized that

01:28:20.000 --> 01:28:24.999
the emperor has no close. You
must choose, judge, assess

01:28:25.000 --> 01:28:29.999
the strategy and tactic
in your environment,

01:28:30.000 --> 01:28:34.999
in those communities that I don\'t have
access to, just as I do it in communities

01:28:35.000 --> 01:28:39.999
you won\'t have access to. I
mean, the only principles

01:28:40.000 --> 01:28:44.999
are that we don\'t stop that we are
rigorous, that we recognize that

01:28:45.000 --> 01:28:49.999
it\'s hard work and lastly and not
least, that we have a lot of fun

01:28:50.000 --> 01:28:54.999
along the way.

01:28:55.000 --> 01:29:00.000
Thank you.

01:29:10.000 --> 01:29:14.999
[sil.]

01:29:15.000 --> 01:29:19.999
I had all kinds of ideas when I was in
politics back when I was going to do

01:29:20.000 --> 01:29:24.999
and what I should do, that the truth of it was
I (inaudible) so envious of my constituents

01:29:25.000 --> 01:29:29.999
and whatever kind of fanciful
notions I might have had

01:29:30.000 --> 01:29:34.999
about what I should do.
This just called out to me,

01:29:35.000 --> 01:29:39.999
just too much, I couldn\'t…
couldn\'t get past it,

01:29:40.000 --> 01:29:44.999
and at that particular point in time, I wanted to be bigger, I
think that was the result of (inaudible) years in parliament.

01:29:45.000 --> 01:29:49.999
Yeah, I wanted to be the boss.

01:29:50.000 --> 01:29:54.999
I wanted to be part of trying
to restore the environment

01:29:55.000 --> 01:29:59.999
and looking after animals.

01:30:00.000 --> 01:30:04.999
The majority of women in the world

01:30:05.000 --> 01:30:09.999
live in rural areas in developing countries
that the overwhelming number of them

01:30:10.000 --> 01:30:14.999
are engaged in some kind
of primary production

01:30:15.000 --> 01:30:19.999
and if they have animals, they
are likely to have goats.

01:30:20.000 --> 01:30:24.999
It has many uses, you know, various
kinds of goats, you can milk them,

01:30:25.000 --> 01:30:29.999
you can use their fleece, the fiber
to make various kinds of clothing.

01:30:30.000 --> 01:30:34.999
You know, woman in… in a
lot of poor countries

01:30:35.000 --> 01:30:39.999
who has a couple of goats that she can get
a kid out of each year, that kid needs

01:30:40.000 --> 01:30:44.999
another year of education
for childhood (inaudible).

01:30:45.000 --> 01:30:49.999
[sil.]

01:30:50.000 --> 01:30:54.999
Well, this is tofu. He\'s very good.

01:30:55.000 --> 01:30:59.999
Well… Welcome visitors, aren\'t you? He… he
puts his horns down and he (inaudible) them.

01:31:00.000 --> 01:31:04.999
(inaudible) just trained himself,
he\'s a very good (inaudible) goat

01:31:05.000 --> 01:31:09.999
and he just buts people who are
un-welcomed and he is very good…

01:31:10.000 --> 01:31:14.999
He likes attacking the cars
and so the number of people

01:31:15.000 --> 01:31:19.999
who drive up my drive will never get out
of the car really if tofu is at the gate.

01:31:20.000 --> 01:31:24.999
Hey, you\'re a very good friend.

01:31:25.000 --> 01:31:29.999
You\'re so (inaudible), I\'m not so bad
myself. You go get the sand lady, go on.

01:31:30.000 --> 01:31:38.000
[sil.]

01:31:40.000 --> 01:31:44.999
The three sheep, (inaudible) and nod,

01:31:45.000 --> 01:31:49.999
and I got them because I like messing
and wanted some black fleeces

01:31:50.000 --> 01:31:55.000
and also they look, you know,
they look nice among my goats.