Germany leads the world into war.
The Hitler Chronicles - Blueprint for Dictators - Part 1
- Description
- Reviews
- Citation
- Cataloging
- Transcript
From an easygoing childhood in Austria through high school problems and hardship: as a young adult, Hitler is hungry and even homeless at times. It’s only after his parents’ early death and an inheritance from his father that he manages to make something resembling a normal life in Munich, his city of choice. It is also here that he joins an army for the first time voluntarily. After World War I Hitler is installed at the NSDAP as a police informer. He quickly takes over a leadership role and modernizes the party. Admiring Mussolini’s ‘March to Rome’ he attempts a coup in 1923 but fails and is jailed. In his year in prison, he writes ‘Mein Kampf’, and after being released, he re-establishes the NSDAP and develops the party into a powerful movement, even if the roaring 1920's don’t cry for nationalism.
Citation
Main credits
Pölking, Hermann (filmmaker)
Pollfuss, Thorsten (film producer)
Other credits
Editing, Julio Olmo Poranzke, Martin Bomke; original music by Julius Holtz.
Distributor subjects
No distributor subjects provided.Keywords
WEBVTT
00:00:07.086 --> 00:00:11.503
-Adolf Hitler neither finished school
nor had any vocational training.
00:00:13.499 --> 00:00:15.788
He occasionally lived
in homeless shelters
00:00:16.026 --> 00:00:17.026
or on the street.
00:00:18.089 --> 00:00:20.105
He refused to pursue a regular job.
00:00:22.124 --> 00:00:24.210
To this day, it seems inexplicable
00:00:24.448 --> 00:00:25.987
that he could come to power.
00:00:28.984 --> 00:00:31.437
Out of nowhere,
Hitler became the Fuhrer,
00:00:31.691 --> 00:00:33.130
leader of the German Reich,
00:00:34.220 --> 00:00:36.931
one of the most powerful men
of the 20th century
00:00:37.232 --> 00:00:39.515
who brought the world
to the brink of disaster
00:00:40.152 --> 00:00:42.165
and death to millions of people.
00:00:46.341 --> 00:00:47.800
The nation worshiped him
00:00:47.968 --> 00:00:50.794
and followed him blindly
into the abyss.
00:00:52.587 --> 00:00:53.836
During his lifetime,
00:00:54.160 --> 00:00:56.662
he kept his origins
and his life secret.
00:00:57.715 --> 00:01:00.592
No one should know how or who he was.
00:01:03.401 --> 00:01:06.396
Hitler\'s contemporaries
from his birth to his death
00:01:06.878 --> 00:01:08.059
flesh out the picture.
00:01:08.282 --> 00:01:09.662
Who was Hitler?
00:01:09.844 --> 00:01:12.321
[music]
00:01:12.555 --> 00:01:19.555
[music]
00:01:19.722 --> 00:01:26.722
[music]
00:01:27.506 --> 00:01:33.434
[music]
00:01:38.295 --> 00:01:40.600
-On June the 30th, 1903,
00:01:40.768 --> 00:01:43.893
the 72-year-old
Kaiser Franz Joseph the first,
00:01:44.061 --> 00:01:47.845
visits Braunau am Inn
to celebrate its 700th birthday.
00:01:48.506 --> 00:01:50.344
A historical coincidence,
00:01:50.770 --> 00:01:53.410
this older town
to Bavaria of all places
00:01:53.578 --> 00:01:55.860
is the origin
of the oldest film footage
00:01:56.028 --> 00:01:58.406
shot by an Austrian cinematographer.
00:02:01.586 --> 00:02:03.728
-\"In the late \'80s
of the last century,
00:02:03.950 --> 00:02:06.661
my parents lived
in a small town of the inn
00:02:06.938 --> 00:02:08.556
which is Bavarian by blood
00:02:08.724 --> 00:02:10.557
and Austrian by nationality.\"
00:02:12.686 --> 00:02:14.695
Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf.
00:02:17.670 --> 00:02:19.783
-The customs inspector, Alois Hitler,
00:02:19.951 --> 00:02:22.283
and his family occupy
a small apartment
00:02:22.451 --> 00:02:25.254
on the top floor
of the Palmer Hotel in Braunau.
00:02:26.639 --> 00:02:30.078
At Easter time,
on April the 20th 1889
00:02:30.246 --> 00:02:32.379
at about 6:30 in the evening,
00:02:32.632 --> 00:02:34.215
Adolf Hitler is born.
00:02:40.564 --> 00:02:42.703
-Parish register, Braunau.
00:02:43.528 --> 00:02:47.567
Adolf Hitler born
on April the 20th 1889
00:02:47.735 --> 00:02:49.424
at 6:30 in the evening.
00:02:49.883 --> 00:02:51.813
Baptized on April the 22nd
00:02:51.981 --> 00:02:54.916
at 3:15 by Ignat Proust.
00:02:58.496 --> 00:03:02.879
-\"To begin with, there\'s this
picture of little Adolf from 1889
00:03:03.047 --> 00:03:04.822
a few months after his birth.
00:03:05.381 --> 00:03:07.959
One thing worthy of note
in this first picture of Hitler
00:03:08.127 --> 00:03:11.129
is the close resemblance
of Adolf to his mother.\"
00:03:13.890 --> 00:03:17.310
August Kubizek,
a childhood friend of Adolf Hitler.
00:03:22.668 --> 00:03:25.723
-Adolf Hitler is the third
of the couple\'s six children.
00:03:26.082 --> 00:03:27.930
He and his younger sister, Paula,
00:03:28.129 --> 00:03:31.036
are the only ones
to survive beyond childhood.
00:03:33.118 --> 00:03:36.009
The mother is 28 years old
at the time of the birth.
00:03:36.177 --> 00:03:37.822
The father is 51.
00:03:38.498 --> 00:03:41.192
Klara Hitler is related
to Alois Hitler.
00:03:41.548 --> 00:03:43.634
She\'s her husband\'s second cousin.
00:03:46.044 --> 00:03:47.716
When Hitler is three years old,
00:03:47.884 --> 00:03:50.165
his father is transferred
to a new post
00:03:50.333 --> 00:03:52.149
and decides to move into an apartment
00:03:52.317 --> 00:03:54.774
in Passau on the German side
of the border.
00:03:55.262 --> 00:03:58.669
Adolf Hitler lives with his family
in Bavaria for three years
00:03:58.837 --> 00:04:00.692
until 1895.
00:04:02.669 --> 00:04:06.278
-\"Actually, Hitler didn\'t speak
a typical Austrian dialect.\"
00:04:08.679 --> 00:04:09.835
August Kubizek.
00:04:11.946 --> 00:04:12.946
-\"In my youth,
00:04:13.114 --> 00:04:16.158
my German was the dialect spoken
in lower Bavaria.\"
00:04:17.470 --> 00:04:19.529
Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf.
00:04:24.721 --> 00:04:27.284
-The oldest film recording
made in Austria, Hungary
00:04:27.452 --> 00:04:28.749
was shot by foreigners,
00:04:28.917 --> 00:04:30.202
the Lumiere brothers.
00:04:30.502 --> 00:04:31.529
It shows Vienna,
00:04:31.654 --> 00:04:35.885
the capital of a multinational empire
in the year 1896.
00:04:41.742 --> 00:04:42.844
-\"In old Austria,
00:04:43.012 --> 00:04:44.824
you could travel without a passport.
00:04:44.992 --> 00:04:47.430
From the Mediterranean,
over the Alps,
00:04:47.598 --> 00:04:50.030
way into the East,
the West and the North.\"
00:04:52.754 --> 00:04:53.984
Oscar Kokoshka
00:04:54.597 --> 00:04:55.597
[?].
00:05:02.187 --> 00:05:04.508
-Hitler\'s ancestry
from lower Austria,
00:05:04.840 --> 00:05:08.959
as well as a total of 21 years
spent in upper Austria and Vienna,
00:05:09.267 --> 00:05:11.338
do not suffice to make him Austrian
00:05:11.506 --> 00:05:13.673
in the sense of a citizen
of that nation.
00:05:17.661 --> 00:05:18.943
-Kurt Schuschnigg,
00:05:19.274 --> 00:05:22.831
Austrian Chancellor
from 1934 to 1938.
00:05:25.639 --> 00:05:28.780
Austrians who spoke
about the nation before 1938
00:05:28.979 --> 00:05:33.172
met the national culture
that extended beyond their borders
00:05:33.340 --> 00:05:36.394
which is what Austrian man
also identified with.
00:05:38.425 --> 00:05:41.116
-This cultural nation is Germany.
00:05:45.839 --> 00:05:49.274
Transporting a locomotive
through the streets of Kemlitz,
00:05:49.512 --> 00:05:52.278
16 workhorses pulled the locomotive
00:05:52.476 --> 00:05:55.142
as the factory has
no rail connection.
00:06:02.620 --> 00:06:05.354
The majority
of German-speaking Austrians
00:06:05.600 --> 00:06:09.597
feel close links to the Germans
in Prussia, Saxony, Bavaria,
00:06:09.765 --> 00:06:11.460
and the smaller federal states
00:06:11.628 --> 00:06:14.901
already united in a part
in the industrialized life.
00:06:22.138 --> 00:06:24.287
-\"He was a grumpy, reticent old man,
00:06:24.478 --> 00:06:27.455
and like a lot of political
free spirits at the time,
00:06:27.723 --> 00:06:29.974
a stern German nationalist.\"
00:06:32.591 --> 00:06:37.136
Josef Myolf, farmer
in a village of Leonding by Linz.
00:06:39.193 --> 00:06:40.988
-\"A visit to his parents\' grave.
00:06:43.195 --> 00:06:46.212
His school friends say his mother
was loving and kind-hearted,
00:06:47.169 --> 00:06:49.555
the father was
cold, silent, and strict.\"
00:06:53.036 --> 00:06:57.630
Joseph Goebbels,
diary, July 22nd, 1938.
00:07:02.292 --> 00:07:03.740
-\"I know I loved my father,
00:07:04.510 --> 00:07:06.127
but feared him all the more.\"
00:07:08.150 --> 00:07:10.275
Adolf Hitler, table talk,
00:07:10.513 --> 00:07:13.199
recorded by his secretary,
Christa Schroeder.
00:07:17.912 --> 00:07:20.975
-\"My brother Adolf provoked
my father to such extremes
00:07:21.143 --> 00:07:23.038
that he was beaten every day.\"
00:07:25.275 --> 00:07:27.808
Paula Hitler, later Paula Wolff.
00:07:31.252 --> 00:07:33.161
-In June 1939,
00:07:33.422 --> 00:07:35.508
Eva Brawn filmed the small farm
00:07:35.676 --> 00:07:38.110
in the village of Hafeld
in Upper Austria
00:07:38.340 --> 00:07:42.718
that Hitler\'s father leases
after retiring early in 1895.
00:07:47.152 --> 00:07:49.362
On May the 1st 1895,
00:07:49.646 --> 00:07:52.225
Hitler starts school
in a one-roomed schoolhouse
00:07:52.393 --> 00:07:54.630
in the neighboring village
of Fischlham.
00:07:57.329 --> 00:07:59.420
In the year 1897,
00:07:59.649 --> 00:08:02.288
Hitler\'s father
sells the farm in Hafeld.
00:08:04.330 --> 00:08:07.910
The family lives temporarily
in the smalltown of Lambach.
00:08:12.008 --> 00:08:13.785
In 1898,
00:08:14.031 --> 00:08:17.372
the Hitler family moves
to the village of Leonding near Linz.
00:08:17.633 --> 00:08:20.871
Here Hitler\'s father
buys property number 61
00:08:21.202 --> 00:08:24.123
including 1900 sq metres of land.
00:08:28.415 --> 00:08:30.642
After five years
of elementary school,
00:08:30.810 --> 00:08:32.102
in 1900
00:08:32.270 --> 00:08:33.911
Adolf Hitler aged 11
00:08:34.117 --> 00:08:36.698
begins secondary school
in the city of Linz.
00:08:37.969 --> 00:08:41.219
Adolf Hitler had to repeat his
first year at secondary school
00:08:41.411 --> 00:08:42.825
due to poor grades.
00:08:45.528 --> 00:08:48.383
-\"I remember the scrawny pale boy
00:08:48.551 --> 00:08:52.686
who commuted every day between
Linz and Leonding fairly well.
00:08:53.846 --> 00:08:56.500
He was definitely talented
on the one hand,
00:08:57.715 --> 00:08:59.840
but was lacking control of himself.
00:09:00.289 --> 00:09:02.139
He was considered rebellious
00:09:02.852 --> 00:09:04.454
and he didn\'t work hard.\"
00:09:07.172 --> 00:09:10.281
Dr. Edwand Schumer,
Hitler\'s French teacher.
00:09:20.788 --> 00:09:23.018
-The quiet life enjoyed
by the Hitler family
00:09:23.186 --> 00:09:24.581
on this little patch of land
00:09:24.749 --> 00:09:26.759
only lasted a few years.
00:09:27.123 --> 00:09:30.780
The head of the family died
unexpectedly of a heart attack
00:09:30.971 --> 00:09:33.031
in January 1903,
00:09:35.510 --> 00:09:39.309
[?] Leonding,
the Furher\'s hometown.
00:09:41.510 --> 00:09:43.776
-Alois Hitler leaves
his modest savings
00:09:43.944 --> 00:09:45.954
to his four surviving children.
00:09:46.168 --> 00:09:49.592
Alois and Angele from the second
of his three marriages,
00:09:49.861 --> 00:09:51.571
and Adolf and Paula.
00:09:51.979 --> 00:09:55.351
This inheritance is to be paid out
when they come of age.
00:09:56.831 --> 00:10:00.397
-The quiet cemetery of Leonding
was his final resting place.
00:10:01.362 --> 00:10:04.018
His widow moved
to the nearby city of Linz
00:10:04.232 --> 00:10:07.457
for the better educational
opportunities for her children,\"
00:10:09.077 --> 00:10:10.544
Max XIXth.
00:10:13.988 --> 00:10:15.323
-In 1904,
00:10:15.491 --> 00:10:18.053
Klara Hitler has
to send her son Aldof
00:10:18.221 --> 00:10:22.493
who due to bad grades is again
in danger of not moving up a class
00:10:22.661 --> 00:10:24.975
to the State Secondary School
in Steyr
00:10:25.143 --> 00:10:26.763
40 kilometers away.
00:10:33.178 --> 00:10:34.577
-\"Look at my school grades.
00:10:35.209 --> 00:10:36.862
I had bad marks in German.
00:10:37.510 --> 00:10:40.677
That idiot of the professor
spoil the German language for me.
00:10:41.308 --> 00:10:43.555
I would never be able
to write a proper letter,\"
00:10:45.192 --> 00:10:48.926
Adolf Hitler
in the Fuhrer\'s headquarters, 1943.
00:10:56.219 --> 00:10:58.804
Last grades of secondary school
in Steyr,
00:10:59.191 --> 00:11:01.398
diligence, inconsistent;
00:11:02.112 --> 00:11:04.173
German, insufficient;
00:11:04.934 --> 00:11:07.491
geography and history, sufficient,
00:11:07.901 --> 00:11:10.339
mathematics, insufficient;
00:11:10.733 --> 00:11:13.278
physics, satisfactory;
00:11:13.968 --> 00:11:16.337
freehand drawing, commendable;
00:11:16.598 --> 00:11:18.766
sport, excellent.
00:11:22.415 --> 00:11:24.540
-\"I don\'t have
a photograph of Adolf Hitler
00:11:24.708 --> 00:11:26.455
during the years of our friendship.
00:11:27.224 --> 00:11:30.727
There probably aren\'t any photos
of Hitler during this period.
00:11:31.324 --> 00:11:33.910
Everything that could be said
about images of Hitler,
00:11:34.078 --> 00:11:36.180
as a young man has already been said,
00:11:36.348 --> 00:11:38.426
were it not for the drawing
by a classmate
00:11:38.594 --> 00:11:41.484
from the fourth grade
of the junior high school in Steyr.
00:11:42.191 --> 00:11:46.142
By chance, this drawing
done in 1905 was preserved.
00:11:46.583 --> 00:11:48.822
The boy could only draw profiles.
00:11:49.255 --> 00:11:52.091
Nevertheless, there\'s something
peculiarly fascinating
00:11:52.259 --> 00:11:53.845
about this pencil sketch,\"
00:11:56.642 --> 00:11:57.642
August Kubizek.
00:12:00.119 --> 00:12:01.221
-After nine years,
00:12:01.389 --> 00:12:04.362
Adolf Hitler finishes school
without graduating.
00:12:04.749 --> 00:12:06.324
For the following three years,
00:12:06.530 --> 00:12:08.585
he lives in Linz
on his mother\'s pension,
00:12:08.948 --> 00:12:10.425
not really doing anything.
00:12:15.956 --> 00:12:18.382
-\"All of his relatives
considered him worthless.
00:12:18.604 --> 00:12:22.545
A person who shied away from any
gainful employment from the start,\"
00:12:25.214 --> 00:12:26.718
August Kubizek.
00:12:35.063 --> 00:12:36.423
-Adolf Hitler talks his mother
00:12:36.591 --> 00:12:38.809
into allowing him
to travel to Vienna.
00:12:39.621 --> 00:12:42.950
He wants to apply for admission
to the general painting class
00:12:43.078 --> 00:12:44.938
at the Academy of Fine Arts.
00:12:48.968 --> 00:12:51.170
-\"From early in the morning
to late at night,
00:12:51.580 --> 00:12:54.580
I ran from one sightseeing attraction
to the next,
00:12:54.849 --> 00:12:57.623
but the buildings were
the only things that fascinated me.
00:12:57.791 --> 00:13:01.760
All of ring street affected me like
a spell from the Arabian Nights.\"
00:13:03.950 --> 00:13:05.924
Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf.
00:13:09.146 --> 00:13:11.344
\"From 1904 to 1908
00:13:12.082 --> 00:13:14.621
I was Adolf Hitler\'s
only friend in Linz,
00:13:14.789 --> 00:13:16.343
and thereafter in Vienna,\"
00:13:18.813 --> 00:13:20.102
August Kubizek.
00:13:24.019 --> 00:13:27.226
-Hitler, who later
in the opinion of a few art experts
00:13:27.394 --> 00:13:29.211
was not entirely untalented
00:13:29.379 --> 00:13:31.426
manages to pass the first election,
00:13:31.594 --> 00:13:33.710
but is turned down after the second.
00:13:36.015 --> 00:13:38.365
-\"Adolf Hitler, born in Braunau,
00:13:38.533 --> 00:13:42.278
Upper Austria
on April the 20th, 1889.
00:13:43.259 --> 00:13:44.931
German, Catholic,
00:13:45.262 --> 00:13:46.325
few faces,
00:13:46.704 --> 00:13:48.970
test drawing unsatisfactory.\"
00:13:50.884 --> 00:13:53.626
Classification list
of the general painting class.
00:13:56.032 --> 00:13:59.157
-When Adolf Hitler disappointed
by the rejection
00:13:59.325 --> 00:14:02.067
returns to his family
in Linz after eight weeks,
00:14:02.235 --> 00:14:05.470
Klara Hitler is struck down
with a serious illness.
00:14:06.239 --> 00:14:08.567
She\'s suffering from a swelling.
00:14:08.813 --> 00:14:11.392
Nowadays it would be
diagnosed as cancer.
00:14:11.560 --> 00:14:12.693
For several months,
00:14:12.861 --> 00:14:16.132
Adolf Hitler devotedly
takes care of his mother at home.
00:14:18.048 --> 00:14:19.048
-\"Dr. Bloch,
00:14:19.216 --> 00:14:22.414
well-loved by all
was the Hitler family physician,\"
00:14:23.856 --> 00:14:25.019
August Kubizek.
00:14:26.336 --> 00:14:29.446
\"To a great degree,
the boy lived in his own world.
00:14:30.278 --> 00:14:33.033
I have no idea
what dreams he dreamt,\"
00:14:35.381 --> 00:14:36.748
Dr. Eduard Bloch,
00:14:37.009 --> 00:14:39.259
Jewish physician
of the Hitler family.
00:14:40.412 --> 00:14:44.908
-Klara Hitler dies in the night
of December the 21st 1907
00:14:45.076 --> 00:14:46.772
surrounded by her family.
00:14:48.510 --> 00:14:52.028
-\"The death of our mother had
a great effect on me and Adolf.
00:14:52.368 --> 00:14:54.484
We were very attached to our mother.
00:14:54.800 --> 00:14:57.480
When she died
Adolf stopped coming home,\"
00:15:00.043 --> 00:15:02.694
Paula Hitler, Adolf Hitler\'s sister.
00:15:06.949 --> 00:15:10.277
-In contrast to what Hitler\'s sister
Paula claims later,
00:15:10.445 --> 00:15:11.995
Adolf Hitler remains in Linz
00:15:12.163 --> 00:15:14.503
several weeks
after the death of his mother.
00:15:14.923 --> 00:15:17.885
He never tells his family
or his friend Kubizek
00:15:18.053 --> 00:15:20.837
that he failed the admissions tests
the previous year.
00:15:24.069 --> 00:15:27.123
-\"Apparently,
he was having some really bad days.
00:15:27.385 --> 00:15:28.908
He was easily irritated
00:15:29.076 --> 00:15:30.373
and gave me short shrift
00:15:30.541 --> 00:15:32.919
when I started to talk
about my studies,\"
00:15:34.471 --> 00:15:35.710
August Kubizek.
00:15:39.686 --> 00:15:41.475
-In the spring of 1908,
00:15:41.725 --> 00:15:45.574
Adolf Hitler begins living the life
of a wastrel in the metropolis.
00:15:47.686 --> 00:15:50.825
-\"Vienna was the most [?]
education in my life,\"
00:15:51.766 --> 00:15:53.653
Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf.
00:15:55.180 --> 00:15:59.063
\"The small inheritance that was
diligently managed by his guardian
00:15:59.269 --> 00:16:02.562
had to cover both the cost
of living and his studies,
00:16:02.989 --> 00:16:05.004
he may have been able
to supplement his income
00:16:05.172 --> 00:16:07.502
through the sale
of drawings and paintings,\"
00:16:09.742 --> 00:16:11.022
August Kubizek.
00:16:16.069 --> 00:16:20.001
-For the next month there is
no trace of his activities in Vienna.
00:16:20.247 --> 00:16:22.247
He\'s broken off contact
with his family
00:16:22.415 --> 00:16:26.033
and he fails the second entrance test
at the Art Academy.
00:16:28.857 --> 00:16:32.047
He begins to copy
street views of Vienna from books
00:16:32.223 --> 00:16:34.384
and then sells them as postcards.
00:16:39.645 --> 00:16:41.787
-\"As a young, inexperienced man
00:16:42.048 --> 00:16:43.773
without any means of support,
00:16:44.159 --> 00:16:45.843
forced to get by on my own,
00:16:46.011 --> 00:16:48.117
the few kronan often only cents
00:16:48.285 --> 00:16:49.785
from the proceeds of my work
00:16:49.953 --> 00:16:52.595
were barely enough to pay
for my bed and board,\"
00:16:54.091 --> 00:16:56.018
Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf.
00:16:57.545 --> 00:16:59.767
-Hitler\'s share
of his father\'s inheritance
00:16:59.935 --> 00:17:03.215
is paid out on April the 20th 1913,
00:17:03.500 --> 00:17:05.205
his 24th birthday.
00:17:06.795 --> 00:17:09.944
Hitler met Rudolph Heisler
in a men\'s hospital.
00:17:10.112 --> 00:17:13.407
With him, he wants to move
to the German city of Munich.
00:17:19.042 --> 00:17:21.777
-\"He was just full
of praise for this city.
00:17:22.190 --> 00:17:23.424
At the same time, he didn\'t forget
00:17:23.592 --> 00:17:26.463
the large beer gardens
and radishes, et cetera,\"
00:17:28.650 --> 00:17:30.892
Housemate of Hitler\'s in 1912.
00:17:37.115 --> 00:17:39.357
-\"I had arrived in this town as a boy
00:17:39.525 --> 00:17:42.393
and departed
as a quiet and serious man.\"
00:17:45.104 --> 00:17:47.079
Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf.
00:17:53.006 --> 00:17:54.740
-The main reason for leaving Austria
00:17:54.908 --> 00:17:58.111
is probably that the later
commander-in-chief Adolf Hitler
00:17:58.279 --> 00:18:00.809
wants to get out
of doing military service.
00:18:00.977 --> 00:18:03.758
On Saturday, May the 24th 1913,
00:18:03.926 --> 00:18:07.035
Hitler and Heisler give notice
of departure to the police,
00:18:07.203 --> 00:18:09.500
but don\'t state
where they plan to live.
00:18:12.418 --> 00:18:14.921
In Munich,
Adolf Hitler has found the city
00:18:15.089 --> 00:18:17.362
that is to become
the center of his life.
00:18:17.647 --> 00:18:20.032
He does, however, remain an outsider.
00:18:20.949 --> 00:18:23.434
His inheritance helps
him build an uncertain
00:18:23.602 --> 00:18:26.694
yet adequate existence
on the fringe of society.
00:18:30.180 --> 00:18:37.180
[music]
00:18:37.347 --> 00:18:44.347
[music]
00:18:45.128 --> 00:18:50.413
[music]
00:18:57.335 --> 00:19:00.046
-\"It was a beautiful
Sunday afternoon in spring.
00:19:02.003 --> 00:19:04.410
Someone knocked on the door
and I answered it.
00:19:04.984 --> 00:19:08.183
It was a young man wanting
to see the room we were renting.
00:19:08.882 --> 00:19:11.727
I showed it to him
and we reached an agreement,\"
00:19:13.859 --> 00:19:15.984
Frau landlady,
00:19:16.221 --> 00:19:18.497
Schleissheimer-Strasse 34.
00:19:20.984 --> 00:19:23.250
-Adolf Hitler and Rudolf Heisler
00:19:23.457 --> 00:19:25.856
rent a room together
from the Taylor Pop
00:19:26.110 --> 00:19:28.504
at 34 Stiglmaierplatz
00:19:28.695 --> 00:19:30.383
near the district of Schwabing.
00:19:34.258 --> 00:19:36.125
-\"The younger generation
that we belong to
00:19:36.293 --> 00:19:38.219
didn\'t know anything about war,
00:19:38.387 --> 00:19:41.069
but were intoxicated by foreign wars.
00:19:41.643 --> 00:19:44.196
We had no real idea what war was.
00:19:44.598 --> 00:19:46.687
Adolf\'s father had
never been a soldier.
00:19:47.081 --> 00:19:51.592
Now and again, old men would talk
about [?],\"
00:19:54.556 --> 00:19:55.988
August Kubizek.
00:19:58.845 --> 00:20:03.069
-Diary, Monday, June 29th, 1914,
00:20:03.533 --> 00:20:05.158
\"Archduke Franz Ferdinand,
00:20:05.326 --> 00:20:07.670
the heir apparent
to the Austrian throne
00:20:07.838 --> 00:20:09.827
has been killed along with his wife,
00:20:10.816 --> 00:20:13.381
the scum of moral turpitude.\"
00:20:14.956 --> 00:20:17.696
Henrietta Schneider born 1872,
00:20:17.864 --> 00:20:19.771
housekeeper, East Prussia.
00:20:24.247 --> 00:20:26.723
-The incident triggers
a war in the Balkans
00:20:26.891 --> 00:20:29.293
that grows to become a World War.
00:20:35.791 --> 00:20:39.768
-\"For me, those hours were release
from the annoying emotions of youth.
00:20:40.264 --> 00:20:41.913
I\'m not ashamed to say today
00:20:42.081 --> 00:20:44.080
that I was overwhelmed
with enthusiasm,
00:20:44.248 --> 00:20:46.061
fell to my knees
and thanked the heavens
00:20:46.229 --> 00:20:47.901
with all my heart
that they had given me
00:20:48.069 --> 00:20:50.115
the good fortune
to live in this year,\"
00:20:52.421 --> 00:20:54.281
Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf.
00:20:58.028 --> 00:21:00.496
-On August 2nd, 1914,
00:21:00.664 --> 00:21:03.399
the day after Germany
declares war on Russia,
00:21:03.621 --> 00:21:06.551
there was a big patriotic
rally on Odeonsplatz
00:21:06.719 --> 00:21:08.448
in front of the Town Hall.
00:21:11.733 --> 00:21:14.227
Heinrich Hoffmann
photographs the ceremony.
00:21:14.793 --> 00:21:16.622
Years later in an enlargement,
00:21:16.790 --> 00:21:18.790
he discovers a face among the masses,
00:21:18.918 --> 00:21:20.752
which is presumably Hitler\'s.
00:21:31.610 --> 00:21:33.664
-\"On August 5th, 1914,
00:21:33.832 --> 00:21:36.535
I enlisted in the Army
on a request to His Majesty
00:21:36.703 --> 00:21:39.580
and entered
the first Bavarian Infantry Regiment.
00:21:39.802 --> 00:21:41.594
I was deferred for several days,
00:21:41.762 --> 00:21:44.697
then transferred
to the Second Infantry Regiment.
00:21:45.076 --> 00:21:49.513
Finally assigned to the Bavarian
Reserve Infantry Regiment number 16
00:21:49.681 --> 00:21:51.577
on August 16th.\"
00:21:53.994 --> 00:21:56.760
Adolf Hitler, Outline of My Person.
00:22:01.789 --> 00:22:03.411
-For the first time in his life,
00:22:03.728 --> 00:22:05.942
Adolf Hitler wears a uniform.
00:22:09.478 --> 00:22:13.314
In the early morning hours
of October 21st, 1914,
00:22:13.482 --> 00:22:15.865
Hitler\'s regiment sets out
from Munich station
00:22:16.033 --> 00:22:17.569
in a westerly direction.
00:22:34.460 --> 00:22:37.749
Shortly after the first
combat mission of the list Regiment,
00:22:37.987 --> 00:22:40.218
Hitler is promoted to Lance Corporal.
00:22:42.378 --> 00:22:45.527
He will reject further promotions
during the course of the war.
00:22:46.394 --> 00:22:49.701
This would have involved
an attachment to other army units
00:22:50.010 --> 00:22:52.080
and Hitler would have
lost the camaraderie
00:22:52.248 --> 00:22:54.956
and security
of the regimental family.
00:23:03.672 --> 00:23:06.913
-\"For the first time,
Hitler was part of a bigger community
00:23:07.487 --> 00:23:09.542
and with that came
the order and structure
00:23:09.710 --> 00:23:12.491
that spared him
the daily struggle to survive,\"
00:23:15.577 --> 00:23:17.711
Fritz Weiderman, Lieutenant.
00:23:22.933 --> 00:23:24.367
-As of November 9th,
00:23:24.535 --> 00:23:26.805
Hitler is deployed
as a dispatch runner
00:23:27.004 --> 00:23:29.126
and assigned to the regimental staff.
00:23:29.613 --> 00:23:32.161
In the eyes of many soldiers
in the trenches,
00:23:32.344 --> 00:23:35.024
the staff orderlies
behind the immediate front
00:23:35.192 --> 00:23:36.885
are privileged cowards.
00:23:39.544 --> 00:23:41.298
-\"Whenever desk was on the prowl,
00:23:41.629 --> 00:23:44.020
a certain something
attempted to rebel,
00:23:44.188 --> 00:23:47.145
and appeared to the weak body
in the guise of reason,
00:23:47.516 --> 00:23:50.930
and was in fact only cowardice
that was behind this disguise
00:23:51.098 --> 00:23:53.081
trying to seduce the individual.
00:23:55.382 --> 00:23:57.843
By the winter of 1915-16
00:23:58.011 --> 00:24:00.614
this battle was
already decided for me.
00:24:01.117 --> 00:24:04.590
The will itself had finally
become my complete master.
00:24:04.953 --> 00:24:07.151
Now fate could put me to the test
00:24:07.319 --> 00:24:09.217
without me losing my nerves.
00:24:09.517 --> 00:24:12.378
A young war volunteer
had become an old soldier.\"
00:24:14.081 --> 00:24:16.076
Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf.
00:24:19.539 --> 00:24:23.250
-Hitler is respected by his comrades
at regimental headquarters,
00:24:23.418 --> 00:24:25.355
but he remains an outsider.
00:24:25.523 --> 00:24:28.961
In five or six photos
showing Hitler with his comrades,
00:24:29.129 --> 00:24:32.225
he\'s either standing
or sitting to one side.
00:24:36.018 --> 00:24:38.487
Hitler is wounded
by British artillery shrapnel
00:24:38.655 --> 00:24:40.776
on October 5th, 1916,
00:24:40.944 --> 00:24:42.850
and is taken
to the Red Cross Hospital
00:24:43.018 --> 00:24:44.952
in Berlitz, South of Berlin.
00:24:47.166 --> 00:24:49.346
By March 1st, 1917
00:24:49.514 --> 00:24:52.528
he\'s back running dispatches
in the regimental staff.
00:24:53.912 --> 00:24:55.006
In the following months,
00:24:55.174 --> 00:24:57.666
he participates in combat activities.
00:25:00.060 --> 00:25:02.672
On August 4th, 1918,
00:25:02.917 --> 00:25:05.890
Hitler is awarded
the Iron Cross First Class,
00:25:06.128 --> 00:25:08.823
the highest military honor
that soldiers of his rank
00:25:08.991 --> 00:25:11.757
in the Imperial German Army
can receive.
00:25:12.269 --> 00:25:15.160
The nomination was submitted
by a Jewish officer,
00:25:15.397 --> 00:25:17.128
Lieutenant Hugo Gutmann.
00:25:20.518 --> 00:25:21.589
-\"I never got out of Hitler,
00:25:21.757 --> 00:25:24.511
the reason for his
fanatical hatred of Jews.
00:25:25.296 --> 00:25:27.968
The experience with Jewish offices
during the World War
00:25:28.136 --> 00:25:30.126
couldn\'t have contributed to this,\"
00:25:33.097 --> 00:25:35.419
Flitz Weiderman, Lieutenant.
00:25:40.558 --> 00:25:42.746
-In the night of October 13th,
00:25:43.066 --> 00:25:47.025
Hitler\'s war service ends
in a heavy British barrage.
00:25:50.957 --> 00:25:52.824
-\"Mustard Gas was used
00:25:53.023 --> 00:25:55.172
on a hill south of the city of Vivec.
00:25:55.481 --> 00:25:56.895
On October 13th,
00:25:57.063 --> 00:26:01.103
we came under several hours
of artillery fire with gas shells.
00:26:01.317 --> 00:26:02.732
Already around midnight,
00:26:02.900 --> 00:26:04.251
some of us dropped out,
00:26:04.419 --> 00:26:06.975
including some comrades permanently.
00:26:07.470 --> 00:26:10.045
In the morning I too experienced pain
00:26:10.213 --> 00:26:12.873
that grew stronger every 15 minutes.
00:26:13.111 --> 00:26:14.244
Then by seven o\'clock
00:26:14.420 --> 00:26:17.108
I staggered and stumbled back
with burning eyes
00:26:17.276 --> 00:26:19.627
taking my last message
of the war with me,\"
00:26:21.069 --> 00:26:23.532
Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf.
00:26:26.287 --> 00:26:28.794
-After treatment
in a mobile Army Hospital,
00:26:29.055 --> 00:26:32.141
Adolf Hitler is transported
to the Prussian reserve Hospital
00:26:32.309 --> 00:26:34.746
in Pasewalk, Western Pomerania.
00:26:35.086 --> 00:26:39.338
He\'s been on the front
for 42 of the 51 months of the war.
00:26:39.552 --> 00:26:42.302
Hitler remains
in Pasewalk for 28 days
00:26:42.470 --> 00:26:44.456
during which the world changes.
00:26:47.576 --> 00:26:54.576
[music]
00:26:54.743 --> 00:27:01.743
[music]
00:27:02.513 --> 00:27:08.170
[music]
00:27:13.237 --> 00:27:15.455
-In the military hospital
in Pasewalk,
00:27:15.667 --> 00:27:17.932
Adolf Hitler
and the other patients learned
00:27:18.100 --> 00:27:19.944
that a revolution has taken place,
00:27:20.135 --> 00:27:21.643
the monarchy abdicated
00:27:22.026 --> 00:27:23.964
and a ceasefire being concluded.
00:27:31.120 --> 00:27:34.761
-\"I hadn\'t cried since the day
I stood by my mother\'s grave.
00:27:34.999 --> 00:27:37.304
Now, I couldn\'t stop myself.\"
00:27:39.636 --> 00:27:41.761
Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf.
00:27:44.683 --> 00:27:46.675
-Like everything else in Mein Kampf,
00:27:46.882 --> 00:27:50.366
this portrayal is a stylization
and must be doubted.
00:27:50.979 --> 00:27:53.377
We don\'t know
whether it was Hitler\'s will
00:27:53.545 --> 00:27:57.451
or merely coincidence that influenced
his future cause from then on.
00:28:00.080 --> 00:28:02.643
On November 21st, 1918,
00:28:02.975 --> 00:28:04.889
Adolf Hitler returns to Munich.
00:28:05.334 --> 00:28:09.061
He tries to evade demobilization
and remain a soldier.
00:28:12.252 --> 00:28:15.244
There were clashes between supporters
of the Workers Councils
00:28:15.412 --> 00:28:18.138
and parliamentary democracy
in the state capital.
00:28:21.033 --> 00:28:25.216
The Social Democratic majority
allows right-wing volunteer groups
00:28:25.384 --> 00:28:26.916
the so-called Freikorps
00:28:27.138 --> 00:28:29.536
to break the power
of the Workers Councils.
00:28:37.324 --> 00:28:39.527
-A letter to Klara in Fritz Hess.
00:28:42.562 --> 00:28:45.234
\"The Volunteer Corps made
an excellent impression.
00:28:45.863 --> 00:28:48.965
Without them, we would have been
finished in Bavaria.\"
00:28:52.102 --> 00:28:55.430
Rudolf Hess,
student and member of the Freikorps.
00:29:02.033 --> 00:29:05.487
-Adolf Hitler keeps his distance
to the revolutionary forces,
00:29:05.912 --> 00:29:08.209
but also to their right-wing
opponents.
00:29:10.635 --> 00:29:13.518
During this period,
Hitler grows more radical.
00:29:14.126 --> 00:29:17.518
He\'s under the influence
of Army officers like Karl Mayr,
00:29:17.936 --> 00:29:19.811
the head of the intelligence
battalion.
00:29:23.357 --> 00:29:24.873
-\"When I met him for the first time,
00:29:25.127 --> 00:29:28.455
he came across as a tired stray dog
looking for an owner.\"
00:29:31.092 --> 00:29:33.858
Karl Mayr, captain of the Reichswehr.
00:29:38.083 --> 00:29:41.466
-Karl Mayr also finances
patriotic parties,
00:29:41.802 --> 00:29:43.669
like the Deutsche Arbeiterpartei,
00:29:43.876 --> 00:29:45.416
the German Workers Party,
00:29:45.969 --> 00:29:49.783
which is founded in Munich
on January 5th, 1919,
00:29:50.204 --> 00:29:52.172
mainly by a group of rear women.
00:29:56.907 --> 00:29:59.493
On September 12th 1919,
00:29:59.848 --> 00:30:02.794
Hitler who has in the meantime,
being demobbed
00:30:03.180 --> 00:30:06.500
is sent to spy
on the German Workers Party by Mayr
00:30:06.668 --> 00:30:08.832
who also provides financial support.
00:30:10.554 --> 00:30:11.585
-:During the discussion,
00:30:11.753 --> 00:30:14.452
a professor spoke
about separatist views.
00:30:14.837 --> 00:30:16.837
The second Narrator
then took the floor
00:30:17.005 --> 00:30:20.622
and in short, powerful words,
demolished the professor.
00:30:21.595 --> 00:30:22.970
It was Adolf Hitler,\"
00:30:26.141 --> 00:30:27.141
Michelle Lotter,
00:30:27.309 --> 00:30:29.789
secretary
of the German Workers Party.
00:30:29.957 --> 00:30:34.538
[music]
00:30:34.706 --> 00:30:38.253
-\"One day I had the opportunity
to talk to a large audience
00:30:38.444 --> 00:30:41.656
and what I had always
instinctively felt without knowing it
00:30:41.824 --> 00:30:43.074
turned out to be true.
00:30:43.855 --> 00:30:45.738
I could speak in public,\"
00:30:47.898 --> 00:30:49.952
Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf.
00:30:52.787 --> 00:30:55.718
-In the second half
of September 1919,
00:30:56.113 --> 00:30:58.331
Hitler joins the German Workers Party
00:30:58.537 --> 00:31:01.358
and participates regularly
in its meetings.
00:31:03.303 --> 00:31:06.335
-\"Among the various right-wing
radical organizations,
00:31:06.663 --> 00:31:09.475
the NSDAP was
by no means the strongest,
00:31:09.967 --> 00:31:12.483
but it was the most active
and cohesive group.
00:31:13.057 --> 00:31:14.057
It\'s significance
00:31:14.225 --> 00:31:17.350
is solely the result of the effect
of Hitler as a Narrator.\"
00:31:20.330 --> 00:31:21.494
[?]
00:31:21.857 --> 00:31:23.080
son of a publisher,
00:31:23.248 --> 00:31:26.061
acquaintance of Adolf Hitler
from 1920.
00:31:29.966 --> 00:31:32.615
-On February the 24th, 1920,
00:31:33.021 --> 00:31:34.899
Hitler speaks for the first time
00:31:35.067 --> 00:31:38.279
in front of more than
a thousand people at the Hofbräuhaus.
00:31:38.879 --> 00:31:42.255
He also announces
the 25 point party program,
00:31:42.485 --> 00:31:45.298
which is formally valid
for a quarter of a century
00:31:45.544 --> 00:31:48.012
until the demise of the NSDAP.
00:31:52.981 --> 00:31:53.981
-\"First,
00:31:54.493 --> 00:31:58.055
we demand the unification
of all Germans in a Greater Germany,
00:31:58.293 --> 00:32:01.137
based on the right
of self determination of the people.
00:32:02.303 --> 00:32:03.303
Second,
00:32:03.914 --> 00:32:06.168
we demand equal rights
for the German people
00:32:06.336 --> 00:32:07.968
in respect to other nations
00:32:08.136 --> 00:32:10.804
as the abrogation
of the peace treaties of Versailles
00:32:10.972 --> 00:32:12.136
and Saint Germain.
00:32:13.288 --> 00:32:16.190
Third, we demand land and territory
00:32:16.358 --> 00:32:17.940
for the sustenance of our people
00:32:18.108 --> 00:32:20.601
and settlement
of our surplus population.
00:32:21.464 --> 00:32:25.253
Fourth, only a national comrade
can be a citizen.
00:32:25.628 --> 00:32:29.065
Only those of German blood
can be national comrades,
00:32:29.358 --> 00:32:30.835
regardless of creed.
00:32:31.597 --> 00:32:35.292
Consequently,
no Jew can be a national comrade.\"
00:32:37.855 --> 00:32:38.898
-A few days later,
00:32:39.066 --> 00:32:42.042
they changed their name
from the German Workers Party
00:32:42.437 --> 00:32:46.796
to the National Socialist
German Workers Party, or NSDAP.
00:32:48.155 --> 00:32:49.624
-\"Hitler was the party
00:32:50.023 --> 00:32:51.780
and the party was Hitler,\"
00:32:52.765 --> 00:32:53.929
[?]
00:32:54.097 --> 00:33:00.807
[music]
00:33:00.948 --> 00:33:03.409
-\"Because right now here in Munich,
00:33:03.859 --> 00:33:05.831
a movement is starting so strong
00:33:05.999 --> 00:33:09.280
that all young, powerful and healthy
forces are attracted to it.
00:33:09.839 --> 00:33:12.628
It is the National Socialist
German Workers Party.
00:33:13.835 --> 00:33:15.499
To make it absolutely clear,
00:33:16.101 --> 00:33:17.632
we are anti-semites.\"
00:33:20.097 --> 00:33:22.331
Ilse Pröhl, later Ilse Hess,
00:33:22.499 --> 00:33:25.691
from 1921 member of the NSDAP,
00:33:26.221 --> 00:33:28.191
letter to her former college teacher.
00:33:28.359 --> 00:33:31.870
[music]
00:33:33.198 --> 00:33:40.198
[music]
00:33:40.456 --> 00:33:47.034
[music]
00:33:47.222 --> 00:33:53.713
[music]
00:33:58.730 --> 00:34:00.965
-\"When the first
party Congress is held,
00:34:01.355 --> 00:34:03.847
the Augsburg SA is well represented.
00:34:04.281 --> 00:34:07.593
At this first public presentation,
I get the impression
00:34:07.823 --> 00:34:09.269
that this has substance.
00:34:09.437 --> 00:34:10.757
We are not alone.
00:34:11.421 --> 00:34:13.702
The idea of the fatherland
is growing.\"
00:34:16.980 --> 00:34:20.331
[?], Augsburg, former SA member.
00:34:23.335 --> 00:34:25.460
-The German economy collapses.
00:34:25.995 --> 00:34:27.901
In August, 1923,
00:34:28.101 --> 00:34:29.909
hyperinflation sets in.
00:34:33.659 --> 00:34:35.464
-\"Everything is getting worse.
00:34:35.632 --> 00:34:39.781
Famine, a loaf of bread 140 billion,
00:34:40.327 --> 00:34:42.421
then reduced again to 80 billion,
00:34:42.846 --> 00:34:45.034
famine, famine everywhere.\"
00:34:47.757 --> 00:34:48.890
Peter Kovitz,
00:34:49.355 --> 00:34:50.714
painter and sculptors.
00:34:55.488 --> 00:34:59.143
-The national associations
overestimate their own strength
00:34:59.373 --> 00:35:02.772
and believe that
parliamentary democracy is at an end.
00:35:06.030 --> 00:35:08.018
-Interview
with the daily mail newspaper
00:35:08.186 --> 00:35:10.655
October the 2nd, 1923.
00:35:12.112 --> 00:35:14.354
\"If Mussolini were
to appear in Germany,
00:35:14.522 --> 00:35:17.033
then the people would fall
on their knees and worship him
00:35:17.201 --> 00:35:19.835
more than Mussolini
has ever been worshiped,\"
00:35:22.276 --> 00:35:23.253
Adolf Hitler.
00:35:25.979 --> 00:35:27.420
-\"A large revolt from the right
00:35:27.588 --> 00:35:30.120
and Bavaria was
Ludendorff at its head,\"
00:35:33.061 --> 00:35:36.538
Henrietta Schneider,
District L, East Prussia.
00:35:38.721 --> 00:35:41.330
[music]
00:35:41.533 --> 00:35:44.470
-Report of the Regional Government
of Upper Bavaria,
00:35:44.661 --> 00:35:47.841
Munich, November the 9th, 1923.
00:35:49.751 --> 00:35:51.087
\"The day before yesterday,
00:35:51.441 --> 00:35:53.418
Hitler promised General Foloso
00:35:54.051 --> 00:35:55.380
and Colonel Fonzaisa
00:35:55.548 --> 00:35:57.977
personally that he would not
undertake anything.
00:35:58.531 --> 00:36:00.008
The answer to this word of honor
00:36:00.176 --> 00:36:02.903
was given last night
when with pistol in hand,
00:36:03.148 --> 00:36:06.711
Hitler extorted a deKlaration
in favor of a national dictatorship
00:36:06.879 --> 00:36:08.965
from general state
commissioner, Foncar,
00:36:09.265 --> 00:36:11.991
General Foloso and Colonel Fonzaisa.
00:36:15.378 --> 00:36:17.760
At that the same time,
the ministers present
00:36:17.928 --> 00:36:20.116
were taken into custody
by Hitler\'s people.\"
00:36:22.592 --> 00:36:24.248
-Hitler presents his suggestions
00:36:24.416 --> 00:36:26.466
for new governments
in Berlin and Munich
00:36:26.709 --> 00:36:28.449
and mentions Erich Lunderdoff
00:36:28.617 --> 00:36:31.589
as Fuhrer and chief
with dictatorial power
00:36:31.757 --> 00:36:33.570
over the German National Army.
00:36:33.933 --> 00:36:36.300
He asks the already
drunken audience--
00:36:36.468 --> 00:36:39.382
-\"Do you accept this solution
for the German question
00:36:39.550 --> 00:36:41.245
of a Greater German state?\"
00:36:41.666 --> 00:36:44.058
-Then as the crowd shouts
its agreement,
00:36:44.226 --> 00:36:45.608
Hitler proclaims--
00:36:45.866 --> 00:36:47.241
-\"Morning will either find us
00:36:47.409 --> 00:36:49.507
with the national government
in Germany,
00:36:49.768 --> 00:36:50.909
or find us dead.\"
00:36:52.558 --> 00:36:55.534
-The revolt is intended
to put Munich and Bavaria
00:36:55.709 --> 00:36:57.463
in the hands of the revolutionaries,
00:36:57.631 --> 00:37:01.678
and then with a March on Berlin
to topple the democratic system.
00:37:01.885 --> 00:37:05.354
The [?] accounting on defections
from the army in Bavaria
00:37:05.529 --> 00:37:07.088
and the Bavarian police.
00:37:07.295 --> 00:37:09.826
These however fail to materialize.
00:37:10.740 --> 00:37:12.627
On the morning of November the 10th,
00:37:12.795 --> 00:37:15.529
2000 revolutionaries, some armed,
00:37:15.728 --> 00:37:17.676
march from the [?]
00:37:17.844 --> 00:37:21.367
through the center of town
to Ludwigstraße at Odeonsplatz.
00:37:25.595 --> 00:37:26.759
10 years later,
00:37:27.051 --> 00:37:30.286
Munich, November the 9th, 1933,
00:37:31.063 --> 00:37:33.337
amateur film of a tradition
00:37:33.559 --> 00:37:36.419
that actually dates from the year
of the seizure of power.
00:37:36.798 --> 00:37:40.360
The annual March
of the old fighters of the NSDAP
00:37:40.528 --> 00:37:41.754
to the [?].
00:37:42.876 --> 00:37:45.414
Leading the column as in 1923
00:37:45.684 --> 00:37:48.118
are Adolf Hitler and Hermann Goring.
00:37:53.855 --> 00:37:55.872
-\"We retreated to it
to Cafe Stephanie.
00:37:56.273 --> 00:37:57.551
People soon came in there, said
00:37:57.719 --> 00:37:59.875
there had been a skirmish on the [?]
00:38:00.043 --> 00:38:01.710
and the enormous crowd of Hitler-men
00:38:01.878 --> 00:38:04.121
turned and ran away
from the state police.\"
00:38:06.117 --> 00:38:09.289
Oscar Maria Graff,
writer, From my Life.
00:38:09.457 --> 00:38:16.457
[music]
00:38:18.343 --> 00:38:20.835
-On November the 12th, 1923,
00:38:21.135 --> 00:38:24.713
Adolf Hitler is sent
to the fortress prison in Lansberg.
00:38:25.256 --> 00:38:27.045
He is given cell number seven.
00:38:30.604 --> 00:38:33.404
The leaders of the [?]
are put on trial for high treason
00:38:33.572 --> 00:38:36.233
in the main lecture theater
of the Central War School
00:38:36.577 --> 00:38:39.616
on February the 26th, 1924.
00:38:45.168 --> 00:38:47.199
-Report of [?] Emissary,
00:38:47.429 --> 00:38:49.515
March 13, 1924.
00:38:51.112 --> 00:38:53.331
\"I attended one
of the hearings myself
00:38:53.894 --> 00:38:56.401
and I was upset
to see how the observers
00:38:56.569 --> 00:38:59.803
who you could clearly see were
mostly from circles close to Hitler,
00:39:00.397 --> 00:39:03.600
used every opportunity to show
their support for the accused.\"
00:39:06.697 --> 00:39:08.425
[?]
00:39:11.712 --> 00:39:13.869
-Letter to Klara and Fritz Hess.
00:39:14.881 --> 00:39:16.920
\"Hitler\'s final statement enclosed.
00:39:17.088 --> 00:39:19.166
It is one of the best,
most powerful speeches
00:39:19.334 --> 00:39:20.502
that he is ever given.
00:39:20.670 --> 00:39:21.791
Even those in the courtroom
00:39:21.959 --> 00:39:23.971
who weren\'t particularly
friendly to Hitler
00:39:24.139 --> 00:39:25.341
were deeply moved.\"
00:39:27.596 --> 00:39:29.166
Rudolph Hess, student.
00:39:34.635 --> 00:39:38.526
-The verdict is handed down
on April the 1st, 1924.
00:39:38.997 --> 00:39:43.091
All of the accused with the exception
of Ludendorff are found guilty.
00:39:48.485 --> 00:39:51.016
In his 13 months in Landsberg prison,
00:39:51.384 --> 00:39:54.205
Adolf Hitler begins
the transcript of a manifesto
00:39:54.595 --> 00:39:57.127
that portrays his alleged
journey through life
00:39:57.295 --> 00:39:59.209
and his development as a politician
00:39:59.650 --> 00:40:01.556
and sets out his worldview.
00:40:05.713 --> 00:40:10.025
-\"I decided not only to clarify
the goals of our movement,
00:40:10.255 --> 00:40:12.981
but also to draw a picture
of its development.
00:40:13.630 --> 00:40:15.661
With that, I also had the chance
00:40:15.829 --> 00:40:18.599
to give a representation
of my own development.\"
00:40:19.446 --> 00:40:22.634
Adolf Hitler, Foreword to Mein Kampf.
00:40:24.821 --> 00:40:26.758
-The biographical parts of his book
00:40:26.926 --> 00:40:30.449
are, to a great extent,
exaggerated and unverified;
00:40:30.766 --> 00:40:33.805
however, his political goals
are deadly serious.
00:40:34.141 --> 00:40:36.359
His view of the world
is voluntaristic.
00:40:36.527 --> 00:40:38.473
He sees it as he wants to see it.
00:40:41.641 --> 00:40:45.929
Hitler\'s political gospel is derived
from a primitive Darwinian idea
00:40:46.097 --> 00:40:48.280
of a struggle for existence.
00:40:48.448 --> 00:40:52.116
It reflects the permanent fight
for survival of all against all
00:40:52.284 --> 00:40:54.690
transferred from nature
to human society.
00:40:54.858 --> 00:40:56.928
This struggle is, in his view,
00:40:57.072 --> 00:40:58.501
a selection process
00:40:58.669 --> 00:41:00.954
in which so-called
higher quality races
00:41:01.122 --> 00:41:02.942
have a better chance of survival.
00:41:03.250 --> 00:41:05.474
At its head is supposedly
a white person
00:41:05.642 --> 00:41:07.383
of the Nordic race of Aryans,
00:41:07.552 --> 00:41:09.239
the founders of culture.
00:41:11.411 --> 00:41:13.653
Like most anti semites before him,
00:41:14.001 --> 00:41:16.392
Hitler believes in a Jewish race
00:41:16.668 --> 00:41:18.856
disguised as a religious community.
00:41:20.469 --> 00:41:23.243
He sees Jews in history
as being parasites
00:41:23.419 --> 00:41:25.110
in the bodies of other nations
00:41:25.785 --> 00:41:28.918
and as contaminators
of the blood of the Aryan race.
00:41:35.301 --> 00:41:37.770
-\"For hours, the blackhaired jew boy
00:41:37.938 --> 00:41:40.290
waits to ambush the unsuspecting girl
00:41:40.465 --> 00:41:42.251
who he pollutes with his blood
00:41:42.419 --> 00:41:44.493
and thus steals her from her people.
00:41:45.340 --> 00:41:47.114
With the same hidden agenda,
00:41:47.282 --> 00:41:49.364
destroying the hated white race
00:41:49.532 --> 00:41:52.454
with the inevitable
resulting bastardization.\"
00:41:55.208 --> 00:41:57.239
Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf.
00:41:58.575 --> 00:41:59.723
-In another chapter,
00:41:59.891 --> 00:42:03.013
Hitler draft plans
for territorial living space
00:42:03.181 --> 00:42:04.989
for his Aryan German people.
00:42:05.157 --> 00:42:08.067
-\"We are stopping the endless
German movement southwards
00:42:08.328 --> 00:42:11.227
and turning our gaze
towards the land in the east.
00:42:12.153 --> 00:42:14.739
If today we speak
of new land in Europe,
00:42:15.149 --> 00:42:17.727
we can primarily
only have in mind Russia
00:42:17.925 --> 00:42:20.020
that have vassal border states,\"
00:42:21.363 --> 00:42:23.418
Adolf Hitler, Mein Kampf.
00:42:25.870 --> 00:42:32.870
[music]
00:42:33.038 --> 00:42:40.038
[music]
00:42:40.206 --> 00:42:47.206
[music]
00:42:54.902 --> 00:42:58.293
-Diary, January the 14th, 1925.
00:43:00.691 --> 00:43:01.691
\"At the end of the month,
00:43:01.859 --> 00:43:03.644
Hitler wants to call
for the reestablishment
00:43:03.812 --> 00:43:06.242
of the National Socialist
German Workers\' Party.
00:43:06.972 --> 00:43:08.144
The only thing to do.\"
00:43:11.558 --> 00:43:12.633
Joseph Goebbels.
00:43:18.795 --> 00:43:24.049
-Hitler\'s remaining sentence
of three years, 333 days,
00:43:24.217 --> 00:43:27.385
21 hours, and 50 minutes is waived
00:43:27.553 --> 00:43:30.608
according to the pedantic
leaves act court records.
00:43:31.043 --> 00:43:34.036
On February the 27th, 1925,
00:43:34.465 --> 00:43:36.895
Hitler reestablishes the party.
00:43:38.375 --> 00:43:41.157
In the first round of elections
for German president
00:43:41.325 --> 00:43:43.914
on March the 29th, 1925,
00:43:44.082 --> 00:43:47.296
Erich Ludendorff
is the candidate of the NSDAP
00:43:47.464 --> 00:43:49.229
and other nationalistic groups.
00:43:49.397 --> 00:43:52.593
He only receives 1.1% of the votes.
00:43:52.761 --> 00:43:54.843
When Paul von Hindenburg
enters the race
00:43:55.011 --> 00:43:56.462
in the second round of voting,
00:43:56.630 --> 00:43:58.579
Hitler orders his party to support
00:43:58.747 --> 00:44:01.630
the aging 70-seven-year-old
army general.
00:44:01.798 --> 00:44:04.415
Hitler and Ludendorff
go separate ways.
00:44:04.826 --> 00:44:08.068
Hitler is now the sole leader
of the national camp.
00:44:11.868 --> 00:44:15.146
-Diary, April the 26th, 1925.
00:44:16.001 --> 00:44:17.322
\"Hindenburg elected,
00:44:17.853 --> 00:44:20.345
because he\'s a man that
Germany needs at this time.
00:44:20.513 --> 00:44:21.779
Is he not too old?
00:44:22.079 --> 00:44:23.650
Too easy to influence?\"
00:44:26.451 --> 00:44:29.333
Bella Fromm,
German Jewish journalist.
00:44:34.618 --> 00:44:36.571
-From 1924 onwards,
00:44:36.739 --> 00:44:38.579
the German economy recovers.
00:44:39.513 --> 00:44:43.481
This leads to the five golden years
of the Weimar Republic.
00:44:47.141 --> 00:44:48.200
-\"Looking back on it now,
00:44:48.368 --> 00:44:54.540
I see the mad world of this Berlin
of 1928-29 as a Pompeiian revel
00:44:54.761 --> 00:44:57.035
on the eve of the Vesuvian eruption.\"
00:45:01.601 --> 00:45:02.601
Sefton Delmer,
00:45:03.246 --> 00:45:05.824
correspondent
of the Daily Express in Berlin.
00:45:10.848 --> 00:45:13.254
-\"The Nazis hated culture itself
00:45:14.129 --> 00:45:16.559
because it is
essentially international
00:45:16.914 --> 00:45:19.297
and therefore subversive
of nationalism.\"
00:45:22.699 --> 00:45:25.428
Christopher Isherwood,
British-American writer.
00:45:25.596 --> 00:45:30.354
[music]
00:45:30.862 --> 00:45:37.862
[music]
00:45:38.475 --> 00:45:41.167
-\"In the 1920s,
Berlin was ahead of everything
00:45:41.335 --> 00:45:43.607
that was known as new in our field.
00:45:43.838 --> 00:45:45.057
It had everything.
00:45:45.389 --> 00:45:49.545
Reinhardt\'s great theater,
great film studios, great films,
00:45:49.979 --> 00:45:52.088
the most beautiful bars
and restaurants,
00:45:52.256 --> 00:45:53.541
including gay bars.
00:45:54.255 --> 00:45:57.014
Berlin was productive
and rich with ideas,
00:45:57.283 --> 00:46:00.291
rich in ideals
and at the same time, practical.
00:46:00.611 --> 00:46:03.299
A combination never achieved before.\"
00:46:05.389 --> 00:46:09.225
Marlene Dietrich,
actress and singer, Memoirs.
00:46:09.393 --> 00:46:16.393
[music]
00:46:16.986 --> 00:46:19.650
-\"Art was no longer
a mere ornament of life,
00:46:19.818 --> 00:46:21.756
but rather its immediate expression.
00:46:23.481 --> 00:46:26.114
Cubism, futurism, expressionism,
00:46:27.024 --> 00:46:28.306
whatever you want to call it,
00:46:28.595 --> 00:46:29.861
this is how we were.
00:46:30.067 --> 00:46:31.337
This was our world,
00:46:31.864 --> 00:46:35.450
so shaken and shocked
that everything was upside down.
00:46:37.469 --> 00:46:40.407
Surrealism? Of course, what else?\"
00:46:42.973 --> 00:46:45.270
Vicki Baum, writer and journalist.
00:46:45.438 --> 00:46:51.934
[music]
00:46:52.102 --> 00:46:54.422
-Despite the lack
of political success,
00:46:54.680 --> 00:46:57.414
the party stages spectacular rallies
00:46:57.582 --> 00:46:59.348
first in Munich and Weimar,
00:47:00.898 --> 00:47:03.133
then from 1927 onwards,
00:47:03.351 --> 00:47:05.094
exclusively in Nuremberg.
00:47:11.590 --> 00:47:15.308
-Diary, Nuremberg,
August the 4th, 1929.
00:47:16.792 --> 00:47:19.995
\"A stampede of people
that exceeds our wildest hopes.
00:47:21.570 --> 00:47:23.859
Outside,
the drums are already booming.
00:47:24.710 --> 00:47:26.945
Torchlight processions,
endlessly long.\"
00:47:29.476 --> 00:47:32.726
Joseph Goebbels,
NSDAP leader of Berlin.
00:47:38.298 --> 00:47:39.727
-\"The party conventions are,
00:47:39.895 --> 00:47:42.072
without question,
Hitler\'s personal work,
00:47:42.272 --> 00:47:44.358
just as he was involved
in building the SA
00:47:44.526 --> 00:47:46.760
from the smallest details
of the uniforms
00:47:47.042 --> 00:47:48.690
to the color of the color patches.
00:47:49.076 --> 00:47:50.076
He concerned himself
00:47:50.244 --> 00:47:52.255
with the planning
of the party conventions
00:47:52.677 --> 00:47:55.548
right down to the decorations
in the Congress Hall.\"
00:47:58.595 --> 00:48:02.243
Albert Krebs, NSDAP leader, Hamburg.
00:48:04.206 --> 00:48:07.119
-\"Through the city,
a triumphant procession.
00:48:07.807 --> 00:48:09.807
Everyone cheering
and throwing flowers.
00:48:10.530 --> 00:48:13.210
March-past almost four hours.
00:48:14.748 --> 00:48:16.475
A sea of joy and flowers.\"
00:48:20.889 --> 00:48:22.737
Joseph Goebbels, diary.
00:48:27.253 --> 00:48:30.069
-The continuing fragmentation
of the party landscape
00:48:30.237 --> 00:48:33.339
is advantageous
for the rise of the NSDAP.
00:48:34.225 --> 00:48:36.487
In elections,
they win more and more support
00:48:36.655 --> 00:48:38.796
from the splinter
and protest parties.
00:48:47.158 --> 00:48:49.221
After imprisonment in Landsberg,
00:48:49.549 --> 00:48:52.674
Hitler becomes the sole leader
of the nationalist movement.
00:48:53.467 --> 00:48:55.389
He feels chosen by destiny
00:48:55.557 --> 00:48:58.365
to show Germany
the way to national salvation.
00:48:59.104 --> 00:49:02.080
Although the party remains
unsuccessful at the polls
00:49:02.209 --> 00:49:04.584
and membership increases only slowly,
00:49:05.014 --> 00:49:07.779
the personality cult
around Hitler is growing.
00:49:08.759 --> 00:49:10.306
This Führer cult
00:49:10.478 --> 00:49:12.787
post the National Socialist
Movement together
00:49:12.955 --> 00:49:14.951
across ideological divisions
00:49:15.119 --> 00:49:16.689
and personal differences.
00:49:24.461 --> 00:49:27.484
Between 1925 and 1929,
00:49:27.652 --> 00:49:31.507
Hitler\'s small political movement
is marked by activism, dynamism,
00:49:31.675 --> 00:49:34.460
enthusiasm, usefulness, and strength.
00:49:35.602 --> 00:49:39.952
Nearly 60% of new party members
are under 30 years old.
00:49:48.905 --> 00:49:51.119
-\"Street processions,
press promotions,
00:49:51.287 --> 00:49:53.131
propaganda tools into the provinces
00:49:53.299 --> 00:49:56.045
created an atmosphere
of activism intention.
00:49:56.440 --> 00:49:59.026
There were countless clashes
and wounded people,
00:50:00.264 --> 00:50:02.553
even dead people left in the square.\"
00:50:05.893 --> 00:50:07.807
[?] autobiography.
00:50:14.052 --> 00:50:15.707
-In February 1930,
00:50:15.875 --> 00:50:18.571
one of the casualties
will be the Berlin student,
00:50:18.739 --> 00:50:19.739
Haus Vessal.
00:50:36.630 --> 00:50:44.234
For the last time, call to arms is sounded!
00:50:45.003 --> 00:50:51.721
For the fight, we all stand prepared!
00:50:52.198 --> 00:50:59.748
Soon Hitler\'s banners will fly over all streets.
00:51:00.639 --> 00:51:06.248
The time of bondage will last but a little while!
00:51:10.553 --> 00:51:11.716
...with dilligence,
00:51:12.262 --> 00:51:16.445
...through learning, and I must say
by starvation, slowly ...
00:51:16.613 --> 00:51:22.669
...the spectre of Asian Bolshevism systemetically
impplemented by the Versailles Treaty ...
00:51:23.341 --> 00:51:26.882
...and I once made the decision ...
00:51:27.109 --> 00:51:30.051
...better knowledge, now to override ...
00:51:31.500 --> 00:51:34.148
-On November 16th, 1928,
00:51:34.410 --> 00:51:37.082
for the first time
after the ban on public speaking
00:51:37.250 --> 00:51:38.645
in Prussia has been lifted,
00:51:39.281 --> 00:51:41.781
Hitler speaks
in the [?] Palace in Berlin
00:51:41.949 --> 00:51:44.973
allegedly in front
of 18,000 supporters.
00:51:45.218 --> 00:51:46.644
For the first time, he uses
00:51:46.812 --> 00:51:49.039
an electroacoustic
sound system
00:51:49.308 --> 00:51:50.992
speaking into a microphone,
00:51:51.464 --> 00:51:53.042
and for the first time,
00:51:53.210 --> 00:51:57.226
his words are clearly understood
in every corner of a large space.
00:52:10.934 --> 00:52:12.402
Hail!
00:52:12.735 --> 00:52:14.571
... National Comrads ...
00:52:14.868 --> 00:52:15.868
... victory...
00:52:16.626 --> 00:52:18.032
...or defeat ...
00:52:18.712 --> 00:52:20.860
... the middle class in destitute ...
00:52:22.477 --> 00:52:23.907
... the finances ...
00:52:24.602 --> 00:52:29.703
... so it is typically German to possess 30 parties...
Distributor: First Hand Films
Length: 50 minutes
Date: 2018
Genre: Expository
Language: English / English subtitles
Color/BW: /
Closed Captioning: Available
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