WEBVTT

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(MUSIC PLAYING)

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- Across the planet, oceans
are being plundered.

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The world\'s fishing fleets
hunting down the last great

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shoals of wild fish, often
sucked up for animal feed.

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The last frontier in
this marine Wild

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West, the South Pacific.

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This is the story of an
exclusive investigation into

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what was once one of the world\'s
great fish stocks.

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- This was the last frontier.

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- Absolute crisis.

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- Well it\'s pretty disastrous,
really.

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- The fish are hunted
everywhere, absolutely

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everywhere.

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- Mort Rosenblum has seen more
than his share of disasters

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and scandals.

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He\'s run news bureau
across the world.

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His latest investigation into
one of nature\'s last, great,

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wild resources.

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- Since the 1960s, I\'ve seen
us, \"us\" being mankind, do

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really stupid things to
ourselves, to our planet, to

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really the only neighborhood
we have.

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And each decade, I see it
get worse and worse.

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And since the \'80s, I\'ve been
really watching it closely.

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And I realize, now, that what\'s
really bad now are the

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oceans, the fish.

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- Mort\'s been working with the
US based, nonprofit reporters

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network the International
Consortium of Investigative

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Journalists, the ICIJ.

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Their prize winning
investigations have revealed

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rampant overfishing
across the globe.

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Together, they took the
investigation into new

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territory: the South Pacific.

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- I took about seven months
with a team of

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some very good people.

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And we looked very carefully.

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And we decided to focus on the
jack mackerel, which used to

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be so thick here you could
almost walk across it, halfway

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to New Zealand.

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- What the ICIJ investigation
revealed: Stocks of jack

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mackerel, one of the world\'s
most important fishing stocks,

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have crashed from 30 million
tons to three.

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And plans for an organization
to save the fish have so far

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made things worse.

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It\'s a Wild West story of greed,
foot-dragging, and

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literal lawlessness.

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- The jack mackerel was thought
to be inexhaustible.

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There was supposed to
be a huge stock

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that would never end.

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Now, it\'s gone.

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Now, it\'s gone.

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And it\'s amazing that it\'s gone,
because it was supposed

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to be there forever.

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- Lawyer Duncan Currie
represents a coalition of

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ecology groups campaigning
against the industrial fleets

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in the South Pacific.

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- This was the last frontier
for fishery.

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The effect of this overfishing
has, quite simply, been the

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demolition of one of the world\'s
last great fishing

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populations.

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- Dockside at dawn.

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Many of Chile\'s small fishing
boats have almost given up

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looking for jack mackerel.

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Mort found the only men handling
them were what

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Chileans call \"gattos,\" or
cats: bandits who may be

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supplying the black market.

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- Here is this place that was
just jammed with jack mackerel

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in the old days.

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Today, it\'s only the cats, the
bandits, that have it.

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- Later, Mort went to talk to
the legal, small fishing fleet

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in San Vicente.

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Captain Leal blames the shortage
on the past record of

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the big industrial fishing
fleets, which have long caught

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most jack mackerel in
Chile\'s waters.

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(SPEAKING SPANISH)

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- Look at the large fishing
companies and big ship owners.

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They know what the term
\"murder\" means.

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They captured a resource, and
if it wasn\'t the size they

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needed, they killed it
and threw it away.

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- Jack mackerel are an essential
part of the marine

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food chain.

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They swim in shoals close to the

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surface; so do many predators.

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In the Wild West underwater,
they draw up

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their wagons when attacked.

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(SPEAKING SPANISH)

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- The community structure
of the marine

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ecosystem will change.

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Another fish will take over the
function now performed by

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the jack mackerel.

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But it will take thousands of
years, thousands of years.

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- Don\'t know about
jack mackerel?

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If you\'ve eaten salmon, your
stomach could well do.

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In Chile, most of the catch is
turned into fishmeal; protein

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fed to fish like farmed salmon.

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These fish are sardines.

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Mort wasn\'t able to get into
jack mackerel factories, but

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the industrial process
is the same.

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- I can think of a whole lot
of battlefields I\'d rather

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walk into than a fishmeal plant.

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And it\'s really important that
reporters looking at this kind

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of thing, look at
fishmeal plants.

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Because it tells you what the
whole thing is about.

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Fish are tossed through a thing.

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They end up chopped up.

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They end up into this kind
of darkened gruel.

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They end up reduced.

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They end up put into a dryer.

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And then they\'re turned
into this powder.

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Each one of those bags is one
fifth of an original biomass

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of perfectly good fish swimming
out in the ocean.

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To me I just think what a waste.

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- Where much jack mackerel
powder ends up: the world\'s

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salmon and other fish farms,
from here to supermarkets and

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restaurants.

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(SPEAKING SPANISH)

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- I have been concerned to
find that the actual data

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suggests you will need between
five, seven, maybe 10 kilos of

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jack mackerel to produce one
kilo of salmon, which is

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ecological nonsense.

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- So this means that someone
sitting in New York, or

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London, or Singapore, who\'s
eating a high quality salmon,

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who says, \"Well, I\'ve never
heard of jack mackerel.\" But

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with every bite of salmon,
they\'re eating up to 10 bites

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of jack mackerel.

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(SPEAKING SPANISH)

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- That\'s it.

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So the question is if salmon
production is ecologically

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sustainable.

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- Sustainable?

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Maybe not.

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Profitable?

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Certainly.

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By the \'90s, Chilean companies
with bigger and better vessels

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had seized their chance.

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It was a gold rush for the

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bronze-hued fish, jack mackerel.

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- I met Juan Vilches, who\'s not
only a marine biologist,

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is also a fisheries master,
which means his job is to go

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out with these big fleets
and look for fish.

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(SPEAKING SPANISH)

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- For us, this was
an amazing time.

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Economically, it was good.

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We only needed to travel
a mere hour and a

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half or two to fish.

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We had the mackerel right there.

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The sizes were good.

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Nobody cared that the mackerel
was shrinking or was being

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exploited too much.

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For us, it was God\'s blessing.

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So we were all happy.

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We thought this would
never happen.

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We thought, \"Ooh!

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We are fine.

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We earn good money for seven
years, and we all live very

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well.\" No one ever worried that
the jack mackerel needed

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to reproduce.

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- Before long, stocks
across the South

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Pacific were crashing.

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For every 10 jack mackerel
in 1990, by 2000

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there were just three.

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Where this had happened
elsewhere, states had set up

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management organizations
and legal quotas.

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Now, South Pacific nations
contemplated doing the same.

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- It was at about 2006, the
Chileans, with the Australians

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and the New Zealanders and some
others, began to talk

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about a regional fishing
management organization, so

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that they could protect
the stocks.

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And so that began to form.

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But then, the idea was to
protect the jack mackerel that

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was left, that was really
outside the Chilean waters.

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- Talking without doing was
an invitation to disaster.

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How to be sure you\'re allowed
to catch lots if there were

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quotas in the future?

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Catch lots now, and
stake a claim.

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It was a marine Wild West.

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- What happened when these
negotiations began was that

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the world\'s fishing nations came
down to the Pacific and

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wanted to establish a fishing
track record.

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Now, that fishing record
would be used...

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They hoped...

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In the future, to establish
allocations.

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So if a country such as Russia
had caught, for the sake of

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argument, 200,000 tons in a
given year, then they would

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use that argument to have a
quota of a bigger allocation

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of fish in the future.

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Of course what this meant was
that there was a race to fish.

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- Soon, dozens of trawlers and
factory ships from across the

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world were hunting
jack mackerel.

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They included a number of ships
from EU countries, and

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the Lafayette, the world\'s
largest floating

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fish factory...

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Flying a Russian flag but Hong
Kong owned, and longer than

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two soccer pitches...

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And the Greek owned Odin, flying
the flag of the Pacific

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state Vanuatu.

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- The debacle really has to
be placed, I think, at the

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doorstep of the world\'s
industrial fishing fleets that

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simply use the system for
their own advantage.

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The European fleet went
from one vessel

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to seven very quickly.

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The Russians came, and
the Chinese fleets

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came, and then so on.

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But everyone was a
loser for this.

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And the reason for that was
simply the industrial fishing

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fleets, who treat the world as a
giant chess board, were able

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to come down and decimate the
fishing population in a short

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number of years.

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- Owners of the world\'s big
super-trawler fleets, which

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travel across the ocean\'s
hunting catches, have been

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reluctant to talk on camera.

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Owners of the Helen Mary and
other EU vessels which fished

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the South Pacific are
represented by the Pelagic

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Freezer Trawler Association.

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In response to the ICIJ
investigation, their president

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did spell out the irresistible
attractions of

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fishing\'s last frontier.

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(SPEAKING DUTCH)

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- This was, I think, the last
area in the world where

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unregulated fishing was allowed.

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Because everybody used to be
allowed to fish freely in the

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waters outside the
200 mile zone.

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When you are confronted with
competition in an unregulated

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area you can do one of two
things: Either let the

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competition do their thing and
stay put, or you can move into

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the area yourself.

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- So if you don\'t fish there,
then somebody else will?

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- Absolutely, only
in the free area.

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The rest of the world is
already regulated.

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- The invasion of the South
Pacific by the world\'s super

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trawlers made the need
for binding quotas

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all the more pressing.

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But setting up the organization
to enforce them

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was not going to happen
overnight.

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- They\'ve been talking about
this organization, and trying

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to organize this organization,
for almost seven years now.

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It\'s not legal.

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It\'s not legally binding.

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It\'s only voluntary.

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It has to have eight
members ratify it.

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And one of those eight members
has to be an eastern coastal

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state, that is, Peru or Chile.

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Until Peru or Chile ratify it,
it\'s not going to be law.

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- It\'s eight hours left to
save the jack mackerel.

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- January, 2012, and the nations
trying to set up the

00:13:42.300 --> 00:13:44.579
South Pacific Regional
Fisheries Management

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Organization meet for the 11th
time, this year in Santiago.

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With no legal quotas yet set,
scientists advising the

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organization were now seriously
concerned about the

00:13:58.020 --> 00:13:59.270
jack mackerel\'s future.

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- The real problem in this
fishery, and the thing that

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people really need to be
concerned about, is that

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between 1995 and 2000, the adult
stock was so heavily

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over-fished that there are
strong indications that the

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adults are no longer capable
of producing good strong

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year-classes of small fish.

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Certainly...

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- Why are they not capable?

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- Well, you just don\'t have
enough adults around.

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- Despite the importance of the
issues at stake, we were

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the only media covering
the conference.

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We were not allowed inside to
follow the discussions.

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The EU wouldn\'t talk on camera.

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Nor would the man
from the Russian

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company running the Lafayette.

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- Sorry, I need to hurry to...

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- For the last five years, the
organization has been setting

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voluntary quotas for
jack mackerel.

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This year, scientists once again
warned these planned

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catches were too high.

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They had a much lower overall
target in mind.

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- The scientific advice that
we have given is, if the

00:15:12.890 --> 00:15:15.659
participants in this fishery
genuinely want to start

00:15:15.660 --> 00:15:18.919
rebuilding the stock, and if
they have any ambition to get

00:15:18.920 --> 00:15:23.619
the stock back up towards the
sorts of levels that can

00:15:23.620 --> 00:15:27.909
produce a million ton catch,
then our advice is that the

00:15:27.910 --> 00:15:31.919
catches should be less
than 390,000 tons.

00:15:31.920 --> 00:15:34.329
- 390,000.

00:15:34.330 --> 00:15:37.749
Halfway through, the
signs weren\'t good.

00:15:37.750 --> 00:15:39.639
What\'s going on in there?

00:15:39.640 --> 00:15:41.209
- There\'s been a lenghty
discussion

00:15:41.210 --> 00:15:42.429
about the interim measures.

00:15:42.430 --> 00:15:46.159
And they are approaching an
agreement, which wouldn\'t be

00:15:46.160 --> 00:15:48.649
enough to save the stock,
unfortunately.

00:15:48.650 --> 00:15:51.659
- It\'s fair to say that there\'s
some fairly different

00:15:51.660 --> 00:15:53.389
views around the table.

00:15:53.390 --> 00:15:55.429
- You mean a row.

00:15:55.430 --> 00:15:59.189
- Yes, there\'s certainly
disagreement about...

00:15:59.190 --> 00:16:02.209
mainly about who should
be taking what

00:16:02.210 --> 00:16:03.929
level of catch reduction.

00:16:03.930 --> 00:16:08.059
- With Peru pressing hard,
Ecuador not turning up, and

00:16:08.060 --> 00:16:11.869
Chile unsure what it could
deliver, the estimated catches

00:16:11.870 --> 00:16:15.809
came to well over the
390,000 tons the

00:16:15.810 --> 00:16:17.739
scientists had wanted.

00:16:17.740 --> 00:16:21.519
This year\'s catch could be as
high as half a million tons,

00:16:21.520 --> 00:16:24.469
if there\'s enough fish left.

00:16:24.470 --> 00:16:26.719
Have you saved the
jack mackerel?

00:16:26.720 --> 00:16:31.269
- No, we\'ve made sure that it\'s
got a fighting chance, I

00:16:31.270 --> 00:16:32.270
think, is what we\'ve done.

00:16:32.271 --> 00:16:37.069
- We defend the position of
Peru, regarding that we made a

00:16:37.070 --> 00:16:41.179
sustainable management
of the resources.

00:16:41.180 --> 00:16:45.299
- The Greenpeace poster this
morning said, \"Eight Hours to

00:16:45.300 --> 00:16:49.199
Save the Jack Mackerel.\" Have
you saved the jack mackerel?

00:16:49.200 --> 00:16:50.649
- Sure.

00:16:50.650 --> 00:16:52.379
- Thank you.

00:16:52.380 --> 00:16:55.389
- Saving the jack mackerel is
a case of... on the best

00:16:55.390 --> 00:16:59.479
scientific advice... is reducing
catches, reducing

00:16:59.480 --> 00:17:02.679
catches to a level which gives
the fish a chance.

00:17:02.680 --> 00:17:03.640
- 390,000.

00:17:03.640 --> 00:17:03.738
- Three hundred...

00:17:03.739 --> 00:17:05.849
- You said yourself at the
beginning of this conference.

00:17:05.850 --> 00:17:07.909
You haven\'t got it.

00:17:07.910 --> 00:17:12.299
- We haven\'t got to a
guaranteed 390,000.

00:17:12.300 --> 00:17:14.369
We\'ve got commitments from
a large number...

00:17:14.370 --> 00:17:15.569
- And you are disappointed?

00:17:15.570 --> 00:17:17.769
- I\'m disappointed
that we can\'t get

00:17:17.770 --> 00:17:20.189
that level of agreement.

00:17:20.190 --> 00:17:21.409
Yes, that\'s true.

00:17:21.410 --> 00:17:23.459
I think we could have
done better.

00:17:23.460 --> 00:17:28.259
But we have got serious
commitments by most of the

00:17:28.260 --> 00:17:29.510
players involved.

00:17:33.630 --> 00:17:37.849
- But even these arguably
inadequate commitments will

00:17:37.850 --> 00:17:42.999
never be mandatory until the
convention is ratified.

00:17:43.000 --> 00:17:44.760
Back to the Chilean coast.

00:17:48.550 --> 00:17:51.969
- We\'ve come to the wonderful
old city of Valparaiso, which

00:17:51.970 --> 00:17:55.189
is Chile\'s main port, to get
the official government

00:17:55.190 --> 00:17:56.979
position...

00:17:56.980 --> 00:18:00.209
After the convention meeting
in Santiago, up the road...

00:18:00.210 --> 00:18:02.999
The future of jack mackerel.

00:18:03.000 --> 00:18:07.589
- Mort spoke to a top official
in Chile\'s Fisheries Ministry.

00:18:07.590 --> 00:18:10.959
He\'s optimistic that at least
one key South American coastal

00:18:10.960 --> 00:18:14.409
state will ratify the
convention, a precondition for

00:18:14.410 --> 00:18:17.969
quotas becoming law.

00:18:17.970 --> 00:18:19.249
(SPEAKING SPANISH)

00:18:19.250 --> 00:18:22.669
- It is very likely that Chile
will ratify it during the next

00:18:22.670 --> 00:18:23.839
few months.

00:18:23.840 --> 00:18:27.309
And Peru has also said that
they are in a position to

00:18:27.310 --> 00:18:29.289
ratify the convention, too.

00:18:29.290 --> 00:18:32.399
As a consequence, conservation
measures that are established

00:18:32.400 --> 00:18:36.279
for jack mackerel, or for other
fish, will be mandatory

00:18:36.280 --> 00:18:38.569
measures and binding.

00:18:38.570 --> 00:18:41.489
- With seven countries ratifying
already, Peru or

00:18:41.490 --> 00:18:43.359
Chile would be enough.

00:18:43.360 --> 00:18:47.549
But Mort found Chile\'s fishing
industry wanting even more.

00:18:47.550 --> 00:18:50.399
- Why has Chile not ratified
up until now?

00:18:50.400 --> 00:18:55.139
(SPEAKING SPANISH)

00:18:55.140 --> 00:18:57.009
- Let me give you the
private sector view.

00:18:57.010 --> 00:18:59.699
We think that the Regional
Fishing Management

00:18:59.700 --> 00:19:02.959
Organization will only be
effective if the fishing

00:19:02.960 --> 00:19:05.179
countries from this side of
the Pacific ratify the

00:19:05.180 --> 00:19:06.969
convention.

00:19:06.970 --> 00:19:11.089
However, we are recommending our
government only to sign if

00:19:11.090 --> 00:19:13.719
the countries which fish on
the high seas beyond our

00:19:13.720 --> 00:19:17.969
exclusive economic zone
also sign up.

00:19:17.970 --> 00:19:20.729
- Fishing countries which
haven\'t yet ratified include

00:19:20.730 --> 00:19:23.860
China, Vanuatu, Russia,
and Korea.

00:19:28.210 --> 00:19:32.599
The Don Alfonso belongs to Mr.
Sarquis\' company, Blumar.

00:19:32.600 --> 00:19:35.360
They hold over 18%
of Chile\'s quota.

00:19:42.940 --> 00:19:45.529
To find out how things are
going for the big jack

00:19:45.530 --> 00:19:50.599
mackerel fishers in Chile this
season, Mort went on board.

00:19:50.600 --> 00:19:55.259
- At least now, there\'s more
of an effort to use jack

00:19:55.260 --> 00:19:56.569
mackerel for human consumption.

00:19:56.570 --> 00:19:59.439
What they\'re doing is they take
samples from what\'s been

00:19:59.440 --> 00:20:02.929
brought up by the nets, and
do a different series of

00:20:02.930 --> 00:20:03.610
different tests.

00:20:03.611 --> 00:20:05.389
But they want to make
sure that they\'re

00:20:05.390 --> 00:20:06.890
really in good condition.

00:20:10.390 --> 00:20:11.889
- And we...

00:20:11.890 --> 00:20:15.619
- Mr. Sarquis\' company Blumar,
at least, is having better

00:20:15.620 --> 00:20:17.569
luck so far this year.

00:20:17.570 --> 00:20:19.369
- We did our catch.

00:20:19.370 --> 00:20:23.249
We shoot the net three times,
and we made the catch.

00:20:23.250 --> 00:20:25.189
- And how many tons?

00:20:25.190 --> 00:20:27.629
- 600 tons, totally.

00:20:27.630 --> 00:20:31.189
But I think fishes
is coming back.

00:20:31.190 --> 00:20:36.519
From January until now, we
have been finding fish in

00:20:36.520 --> 00:20:39.589
Chilean coast often.

00:20:39.590 --> 00:20:43.349
- The reason, though, may be
ocean currents driving fish

00:20:43.350 --> 00:20:48.849
into Chilean waters, as the
captain\'s boss is aware.

00:20:48.850 --> 00:20:56.850
(SPEAKING SPANISH)

00:20:56.900 --> 00:21:01.159
- There is a discussion going
on in Chile on whether the

00:21:01.160 --> 00:21:06.229
previous estimate of jack
mackerel stocks was too low,

00:21:06.230 --> 00:21:10.519
or whether the warming of the
Pacific Ocean has made jack

00:21:10.520 --> 00:21:15.659
mackerel move closer to our
shores and, therefore, made it

00:21:15.660 --> 00:21:17.941
easier for our fleet
to locate them.

00:21:24.560 --> 00:21:28.229
- While Mr. Sarquis is more
optimistic, scientists are

00:21:28.230 --> 00:21:31.479
unconvinced and concerned
about what\'s going

00:21:31.480 --> 00:21:34.229
on in the high seas.

00:21:34.230 --> 00:21:38.609
To find out, Mort turned
to the Chilean Navy.

00:21:38.610 --> 00:21:42.259
- Well, we went to the naval
base in Talcahuano, and they

00:21:42.260 --> 00:21:46.359
very kindly showed us their
tracking equipment because we

00:21:46.360 --> 00:21:49.199
wanted to see which vessels
were out there beyond the

00:21:49.200 --> 00:21:51.669
Chilean exclusive 200 mile zone.

00:21:51.670 --> 00:21:54.859
And we found a bunch.

00:21:54.860 --> 00:21:56.749
- Among the ships out
there once again

00:21:56.750 --> 00:22:01.379
this season: the Lafayette.

00:22:01.380 --> 00:22:05.159
- One south, and then 300 miles.

00:22:05.160 --> 00:22:06.529
All the greens are...

00:22:06.530 --> 00:22:09.859
- The Lafayette is the massive
Hong Kong owned factory ship,

00:22:09.860 --> 00:22:11.490
which flies the Russian flag.

00:22:16.430 --> 00:22:17.929
- Odin?

00:22:17.930 --> 00:22:20.089
- Odin, yeah, Odin is
from Vanuatu, which

00:22:20.090 --> 00:22:21.070
is really from Greece.

00:22:21.070 --> 00:22:21.400
That\'s a...

00:22:21.400 --> 00:22:21.720
- Yeah.

00:22:21.721 --> 00:22:24.659
- And the Chilean Navy have
spotted the giant trawler,

00:22:24.660 --> 00:22:28.909
Odin, flying under the flag of
Pacific state Vanuatu, but

00:22:28.910 --> 00:22:30.160
owned in Greece.

00:22:32.690 --> 00:22:36.239
The Navy can\'t tell what
these boats are up to.

00:22:36.240 --> 00:22:40.329
But it\'s clear that seven years
since the talks began,

00:22:40.330 --> 00:22:43.030
the race to fish is
not over yet.

00:22:45.870 --> 00:22:49.399
- If it we\'re up to you
personally, as a biologist,

00:22:49.400 --> 00:22:52.649
not as an official, what
would you do to

00:22:52.650 --> 00:22:54.209
protect jack mackerel?

00:22:54.210 --> 00:22:56.909
Not only in Chile, but
across the Pacific?

00:22:56.910 --> 00:23:01.049
(SPEAKING SPANISH)

00:23:01.050 --> 00:23:03.399
- I think that if the next
meeting of the convention

00:23:03.400 --> 00:23:08.759
scientific group demonstrates
that jack mackerel biomass

00:23:08.760 --> 00:23:15.049
continues its downward trend,
then we will have to think

00:23:15.050 --> 00:23:17.829
seriously about possibly
establishing a total

00:23:17.830 --> 00:23:19.500
moratorium for some years.

00:23:22.360 --> 00:23:26.789
(SPEAKING SPANISH)

00:23:26.790 --> 00:23:29.479
- I think it should be
at least five years.

00:23:29.480 --> 00:23:32.379
Other colleagues have told me
jack mackerel will need 10

00:23:32.380 --> 00:23:36.329
years, for at least two or three
generations, to recover

00:23:36.330 --> 00:23:38.129
sufficiently.

00:23:38.130 --> 00:23:40.399
- If there is not a moratorium,
if they continue

00:23:40.400 --> 00:23:45.429
fishing, let\'s just say in one
year all vessels will now

00:23:45.430 --> 00:23:49.359
catch, say, 500,000, 600,000
tons of jack mackerel...

00:23:49.360 --> 00:23:50.610
what will happen?

00:23:53.660 --> 00:23:55.349
(SPEAKING SPANISH)

00:23:55.350 --> 00:23:58.349
- Absolute crisis.

00:23:58.350 --> 00:23:59.090
- Let me ask you...

00:23:59.091 --> 00:24:00.589
- Jack mackerel will disappear.

00:24:00.590 --> 00:24:02.890
It would have no time
to recover.

00:24:07.560 --> 00:24:11.119
- The real concern is that jack
mackerel is a relatively

00:24:11.120 --> 00:24:12.609
straightforward fish to manage.

00:24:12.610 --> 00:24:14.429
We know where the fish are.

00:24:14.430 --> 00:24:15.400
We know who\'s fishing for them.

00:24:15.401 --> 00:24:18.709
And we know who\'s taking the
fish out of the fishery.

00:24:18.710 --> 00:24:21.389
And we have some of the world\'s
best managers and

00:24:21.390 --> 00:24:24.099
negotiators overseeing
the fishery.

00:24:24.100 --> 00:24:28.069
So if we can\'t save this fishery
in 2012, then what

00:24:28.070 --> 00:24:31.030
hope is there for saving other
fish around the world?

00:24:35.780 --> 00:24:39.649
- San Antonio, south
of Valparaiso.

00:24:39.650 --> 00:24:43.089
This fishing community still
buying a little \"jurel,\" or

00:24:43.090 --> 00:24:48.079
jack mackerel, but catching
less and less.

00:24:48.080 --> 00:24:49.809
(SPEAKING SPANISH)

00:24:49.810 --> 00:24:53.489
- Long ago, jack mackerel was
all around here, and we just

00:24:53.490 --> 00:24:54.799
caught them easily.

00:24:54.800 --> 00:24:58.159
Now, there are none left,
nothing to eat there.

00:24:58.160 --> 00:25:00.439
We have eaten everything.

00:25:00.440 --> 00:25:03.269
My son, he won\'t have
anything to eat.

00:25:03.270 --> 00:25:07.019
By the time he is 21, there
won\'t be any fish for him.

00:25:07.020 --> 00:25:08.540
I want to leave him something.

00:25:11.330 --> 00:25:16.189
- For Mort, at the end of his
ICIJ investigation, a lesson

00:25:16.190 --> 00:25:17.939
for a hungry planet.

00:25:17.940 --> 00:25:19.699
- People keep saying, \'Well,
we\'ll find something else.

00:25:19.700 --> 00:25:22.659
We\'ll find something else.\"
We\'re at the point where there

00:25:22.660 --> 00:25:24.209
really is nothing else.

00:25:24.210 --> 00:25:27.359
We are really using up these
sources that are not going to

00:25:27.360 --> 00:25:28.320
be renewed.

00:25:28.321 --> 00:25:31.509
Once these fish stocks collapse,
we won\'t have them.

00:25:31.510 --> 00:25:34.649
The only solution is for
us to get real, to

00:25:34.650 --> 00:25:36.669
understand the problem...

00:25:36.670 --> 00:25:39.479
At whatever level, and whatever
way... but to get it.

00:25:39.480 --> 00:25:43.039
I mean, to finally get it, that
this is not limitless.

00:25:43.040 --> 00:25:45.669
This is not limitless.

00:25:45.670 --> 00:25:48.569
- If we go on like this,
we won\'t have

00:25:48.570 --> 00:25:50.289
fish for a lot longer.

00:25:50.290 --> 00:25:53.379
The main fish we like to eat,
what\'s called the \"table

00:25:53.380 --> 00:25:56.489
fish\", it\'s predicted that,
perhaps, we\'ll have for about

00:25:56.490 --> 00:26:01.829
30, 40 more years, given the
rate of decline for many of

00:26:01.830 --> 00:26:02.929
these stocks.

00:26:02.930 --> 00:26:05.689
How will this affect
the global oceans?

00:26:05.690 --> 00:26:07.829
We don\'t know.

00:26:07.830 --> 00:26:11.499
- Meanwhile, there\'s still no
law to protect the jack

00:26:11.500 --> 00:26:15.890
mackerel in the South Pacific,
fishing\'s last frontier.